Question 1

Where is phloem sap moved to?

Accepted Answer

A) to the root system 
B) to sinks 
C) to the shoot system 
D) to sources 
A) to the root system 
B) to sinks 
C) to the shoot system 
D) to sources

Question 2

What is the major cost to plants for having cuticle-covered epidermis in the shoot system to reduce water loss?

Accepted Answer

A) reduced oxygen uptake 
B) reduced nitrogen uptake 
C) reduced carbon dioxide uptake 
D) reduced potassium uptake 
A) reduced oxygen uptake 
B) reduced nitrogen uptake 
C) reduced carbon dioxide uptake 
D) reduced potassium uptake

Question 3

Which of the following should you expect to find for a living plant cell in a living plant?

Accepted Answer

A) a cytoplasm that is much more positively charged than the fluid outside the cell 
B) a cytoplasm that is much more negatively charged than the fluid outside the cell 
C) a cytoplasm that is slightly more negatively charged than the fluid outside the cell 
D) a cytoplasm that is slightly more positively charged than the fluid outside the cell 
A) a cytoplasm that is much more positively charged than the fluid outside the cell 
B) a cytoplasm that is much more negatively charged than the fluid outside the cell 
C) a cytoplasm that is slightly more negatively charged than the fluid outside the cell 
D) a cytoplasm that is slightly more positively charged than the fluid outside the cell

Question 4

What are the primary aspects of the process used by a tall tree to move water to the leaves at the top of the tree?

Accepted Answer

A) positive pressure from roots and cohesion 
B) cohesion and evaporation 
C) capillary action and pumps 
D) capillary action and positive pressure from roots 
A) positive pressure from roots and cohesion 
B) cohesion and evaporation 
C) capillary action and pumps 
D) capillary action and positive pressure from roots

Question 5

What is the main form in which sugars are transported in the phloem sap?

Accepted Answer

A) starch 
B) fructose 
C) lactose 
D) sucrose 
A) starch 
B) fructose 
C) lactose 
D) sucrose

Question 6

Which term best describes the movement of ions and large molecules across membranes via transport proteins against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

A) passive diffusion 
B) a symport 
C) facilitated diffusion 
D) active transport 
A) passive diffusion 
B) a symport 
C) facilitated diffusion 
D) active transport

Question 7

Many plants wind up with a Na+ concentration that is considerably lower than that of the surrounding soil. What plays a key role in allowing for such a difference to exist?

Accepted Answer

A) endodermis 
B) tonoplast 
C) aquaporin 
D) water potential 
A) endodermis 
B) tonoplast 
C) aquaporin 
D) water potential

Question 8

Which of the following has a major effect on the rate of transpiration?

Accepted Answer

A) soil minerals 
B) growth rate 
C) air temperature 
D) predation 
A) soil minerals 
B) growth rate 
C) air temperature 
D) predation

Question 9

What needs to happen to the K+ concentration in guard cells for the stomata to open?

Accepted Answer

A) It needs to fluctuate. 
B) It needs to remain unchanged. 
C) It needs to decrease. 
D) It needs to increase. 
A) It needs to fluctuate. 
B) It needs to remain unchanged. 
C) It needs to decrease. 
D) It needs to increase.

Question 10

Suppose that a living plant cell is placed in a beaker with a solution that has a ψ value lower than the ψ value of the plant cell. What will happen to the plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A) It will lose water until its ψS = its ψP. 
B) It will take up water until within the cell ψP = -ψS. 
C) It will take up water until its ψ = ψS of the solution. 
D) It will lose water until its ψ = ψ of the solution. 
A) It will lose water until its ψS = its ψP. 
B) It will take up water until within the cell ψP = -ψS. 
C) It will take up water until its ψ = ψS of the solution. 
D) It will lose water until its ψ = ψ of the solution.

Question 11

What is the principal driving force for movement of water into and through the plant shoot?

Accepted Answer

A) upward pressure as sugar is forced into the roots 
B) pumping by the xylem cells 
C) passive transport 
D) transpirational pull 
A) upward pressure as sugar is forced into the roots 
B) pumping by the xylem cells 
C) passive transport 
D) transpirational pull

Question 12

Which ion is pumped into guard cells in order to make them more flaccid?

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) Ca2+ 
C) K+ 
D) H+ 
A) Na+ 
B) Ca2+ 
C) K+ 
D) H+

Question 13

What has the strongest effect on whether stomata are open or closed?

Accepted Answer

A) O2 concentration 
B) CO2 concentration 
C) light 
D) ion concentrations in the xylem 
A) O2 concentration 
B) CO2 concentration 
C) light 
D) ion concentrations in the xylem

Question 14

Which phrase best describes the exodermis?

Accepted Answer

A) the outer layer of roots, including root hairs 
B) the above-ground continuation of the endodermis 
C) the substitute for the endodermis in gymnosperms 
D) found in the roots of most flowering plants 
A) the outer layer of roots, including root hairs 
B) the above-ground continuation of the endodermis 
C) the substitute for the endodermis in gymnosperms 
D) found in the roots of most flowering plants

Question 15

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-transport of hormones from growing shoot tips

Accepted Answer

A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem 
A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem

Question 16

What is the solute potential (ψS) of a living plant cell in a living leaf that is not wilted relative to the fluids surrounding the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) typically lower 
B) typically higher 
C) varies widely from higher to lower 
D) typically about the same 
A) typically lower 
B) typically higher 
C) varies widely from higher to lower 
D) typically about the same

Question 17

Which term best describes the typical movement of xylem sap from roots to shoot parts?

Accepted Answer

A) facilitated diffusion 
B) symport 
C) osmosis 
D) bulk flow 
A) facilitated diffusion 
B) symport 
C) osmosis 
D) bulk flow

Question 18

How does loading of most carbohydrates into companion cells at a source occur?

Accepted Answer

A) by diffusion of water from the xylem 
B) by osmosis 
C) by active transport 
D) by proton pumping 
A) by diffusion of water from the xylem 
B) by osmosis 
C) by active transport 
D) by proton pumping

Question 19

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-trichomes

Accepted Answer

A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem 
A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem

Question 20

Which phrase best describes "honeydew"?

Accepted Answer

A) phloem sap leaving the anus of an aphid 
B) phloem sap harvested as syrup 
C) xylem sap separated from syrup 
D) xylem sap forced out of the margins of leaves 
A) phloem sap leaving the anus of an aphid 
B) phloem sap harvested as syrup 
C) xylem sap separated from syrup 
D) xylem sap forced out of the margins of leaves

Exam 35: Transport in Plants

Where is phloem sap moved to?

What is the major cost to plants for having cuticle-covered epidermis in the shoot system to reduce water loss?

Which of the following should you expect to find for a living plant cell in a living plant?

What are the primary aspects of the process used by a tall tree to move water to the leaves at the top of the tree?

What is the main form in which sugars are transported in the phloem sap?

Which term best describes the movement of ions and large molecules across membranes via transport proteins against their concentration gradient?

Many plants wind up with a Na+ concentration that is considerably lower than that of the surrounding soil. What plays a key role in allowing for such a difference to exist?

Which of the following has a major effect on the rate of transpiration?

What needs to happen to the K+ concentration in guard cells for the stomata to open?

Suppose that a living plant cell is placed in a beaker with a solution that has a ψ value lower than the ψ value of the plant cell. What will happen to the plant cell?

What is the principal driving force for movement of water into and through the plant shoot?

Which ion is pumped into guard cells in order to make them more flaccid?

What has the strongest effect on whether stomata are open or closed?

Which phrase best describes the exodermis?

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -transport of hormones from growing shoot tips

What is the solute potential (ψS) of a living plant cell in a living leaf that is not wilted relative to the fluids surrounding the cell?

Which term best describes the typical movement of xylem sap from roots to shoot parts?

How does loading of most carbohydrates into companion cells at a source occur?

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -trichomes

Which phrase best describes "honeydew"?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

Filters

Many plants wind up with a Na⁺ concentration that is considerably lower than that of the surrounding soil. What plays a key role in allowing for such a difference to exist?

What needs to happen to the K⁺ concentration in guard cells for the stomata to open?

What is the solute potential (ψ_S) of a living plant cell in a living leaf that is not wilted relative to the fluids surrounding the cell?