Question 1

What is the fate of the majority of the water in xylem sap?

Accepted Answer

A) It evaporates into the air. 
B) It is used to make sugars. 
C) It is used in capturing light energy. 
D) It becomes part of new plant cells. 
A) It evaporates into the air. 
B) It is used to make sugars. 
C) It is used in capturing light energy. 
D) It becomes part of new plant cells. A

Question 2

What does water potential refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) a relative value that is defined in reference to distilled water at atmospheric pressure of 10 MPa 
B) a relative value that is defined in reference to pure water at atmospheric pressure of 10 MPa 
C) a relative value that is defined in reference to pure water at atmospheric pressure of 0 MPa 
D) a relative value that is defined in reference to distilled water at atmospheric pressure of 0 MPa 
A) a relative value that is defined in reference to distilled water at atmospheric pressure of 10 MPa 
B) a relative value that is defined in reference to pure water at atmospheric pressure of 10 MPa 
C) a relative value that is defined in reference to pure water at atmospheric pressure of 0 MPa 
D) a relative value that is defined in reference to distilled water at atmospheric pressure of 0 MPa C

Question 3

How would water flow if the ψ of surrounding soil is higher than that in living root epidermal cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Water would leave the root cells, making them flaccid. 
B) Water would leave the root cells, making them turgid. 
C) Water would enter the root cells, making them flaccid. 
D) Water would enter the root cells, making them turgid. 
A) Water would leave the root cells, making them flaccid. 
B) Water would leave the root cells, making them turgid. 
C) Water would enter the root cells, making them flaccid. 
D) Water would enter the root cells, making them turgid. D

Question 4

What generally causes stomata to close?

Accepted Answer

A) nightlight 
B) daylight 
C) high moisture 
D) high K+ content 
A) nightlight 
B) daylight 
C) high moisture 
D) high K+ content

Question 5

Which Greek letter is typically used to represent water potential?

Accepted Answer

A) Greek letter γ 
B) Greek letter α 
C) Greek letter π 
D) Greek letter ψ 
A) Greek letter γ 
B) Greek letter α 
C) Greek letter π 
D) Greek letter ψ

Question 6

Which of the following describes the state of stomata in most plants?

Accepted Answer

A) They open during the night and close during the day. 
B) They are nearly always open. 
C) They are almost never open. 
D) They are open during the day and close during the night. 
A) They open during the night and close during the day. 
B) They are nearly always open. 
C) They are almost never open. 
D) They are open during the day and close during the night.

Question 7

Theoretically, based on the cohesion-tension mechanism, what should be the maximum height for the tallest trees?

Accepted Answer

A) about 3 m 
B) about 50 m 
C) about 75 m 
D) about 130 m 
A) about 3 m 
B) about 50 m 
C) about 75 m 
D) about 130 m

Question 8

Xylem sap is moved from the root system into what other structure in the plant body?

Accepted Answer

A) the tonoplast system 
B) the shoot system 
C) the taproots 
D) the trichomes 
A) the tonoplast system 
B) the shoot system 
C) the taproots 
D) the trichomes

Question 9

What is the state of stomata in CAM plants, such as cacti?

Accepted Answer

A) They are nearly always open. 
B) They are open during the day and are closed during the night. 
C) They are almost never open. 
D) They are open during the night and are closed during the day. 
A) They are nearly always open. 
B) They are open during the day and are closed during the night. 
C) They are almost never open. 
D) They are open during the night and are closed during the day.

Question 10

Which of the following were used in studies to test and support the hypothesis that high pressure forces phloem sap to flow?

Accepted Answer

A) radiolabelled sugars 
B) radiolabelled hormones 
C) aphids 
D) vacuum chambers 
A) radiolabelled sugars 
B) radiolabelled hormones 
C) aphids 
D) vacuum chambers

Question 11

Which of the following characterizes the apoplastic pathways in the root?

Accepted Answer

A) the water moves through living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cell wall 
B) the water moves through nonliving regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cell wall 
C) the water moves through living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cytoplasm 
D) the water moves through nonliving regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cytoplasm 
A) the water moves through living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cell wall 
B) the water moves through nonliving regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cell wall 
C) the water moves through living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cytoplasm 
D) the water moves through nonliving regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cytoplasm

Question 12

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-primary transport of water from roots

Accepted Answer

A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem 
A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem

Question 13

Which of the following characterizes the symplastic pathways in the root?

Accepted Answer

A) the water moves into and through living cells and is moving through the cytoplasm 
B) the water moves into and through living cells and is moving through the cell wall 
C) the water moves into and through nonliving cells and is moving through the cytoplasm 
D) the water moves into and through nonliving cells and is moving through the cell wall 
A) the water moves into and through living cells and is moving through the cytoplasm 
B) the water moves into and through living cells and is moving through the cell wall 
C) the water moves into and through nonliving cells and is moving through the cytoplasm 
D) the water moves into and through nonliving cells and is moving through the cell wall

Question 14

Which of the following best describes aquaporins?

Accepted Answer

A) They are channel proteins for water. 
B) They are carrier proteins for water. 
C) They are channel proteins for solutes. 
D) They are carrier proteins for water and solutes. 
A) They are channel proteins for water. 
B) They are carrier proteins for water. 
C) They are channel proteins for solutes. 
D) They are carrier proteins for water and solutes.

Question 15

Which route of water absorption is inhibited by the Casparian strip?

Accepted Answer

A) the apoplastic pathway 
B) the transplastic pathway 
C) the symplastic pathway 
D) the transmembrane pathway 
A) the apoplastic pathway 
B) the transplastic pathway 
C) the symplastic pathway 
D) the transmembrane pathway

Question 16

Which is the most widely accepted and supported model for explaining the movement of xylem sap?

Accepted Answer

A) the transpiration mechanism 
B) the osmosis mechanism 
C) the pressure flow mechanism 
D) the cohesion-tension mechanism 
A) the transpiration mechanism 
B) the osmosis mechanism 
C) the pressure flow mechanism 
D) the cohesion-tension mechanism

Question 17

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-bulk flow

Accepted Answer

A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem 
A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem

Question 18

What is the waxy substance suberin typically associated with?

Accepted Answer

A) root hairs 
B) tonoplasts 
C) endodermis 
D) pericycle 
A) root hairs 
B) tonoplasts 
C) endodermis 
D) pericycle

Question 19

What is the pressure potential (ψP) of a living plant cell in a living leaf that is not wilted relative to that in the fluids surrounding the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) typically about the same 
B) varies widely from higher to lower 
C) typically higher 
D) typically lower 
A) typically about the same 
B) varies widely from higher to lower 
C) typically higher 
D) typically lower

Question 20

According to the cohesion-tension mechanism of water transport, why does cohesion occur?

Accepted Answer

A) because water molecules tend to form hydrogen bonds with each other 
B) because water is pushed into the xylem by bulk flow 
C) because waxy coatings on the insides of xylem keep water molecules together in the xylem 
D) because evaporation removes water from the leaves 
A) because water molecules tend to form hydrogen bonds with each other 
B) because water is pushed into the xylem by bulk flow 
C) because waxy coatings on the insides of xylem keep water molecules together in the xylem 
D) because evaporation removes water from the leaves

Exam 35: Transport in Plants

What is the fate of the majority of the water in xylem sap?

What does water potential refer to?

How would water flow if the ψ of surrounding soil is higher than that in living root epidermal cells?

What generally causes stomata to close?

Which Greek letter is typically used to represent water potential?

Which of the following describes the state of stomata in most plants?

Theoretically, based on the cohesion-tension mechanism, what should be the maximum height for the tallest trees?

Xylem sap is moved from the root system into what other structure in the plant body?

What is the state of stomata in CAM plants, such as cacti?

Which of the following were used in studies to test and support the hypothesis that high pressure forces phloem sap to flow?

Which of the following characterizes the apoplastic pathways in the root?

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -primary transport of water from roots

Which of the following characterizes the symplastic pathways in the root?

Which of the following best describes aquaporins?

Which route of water absorption is inhibited by the Casparian strip?

Which is the most widely accepted and supported model for explaining the movement of xylem sap?

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -bulk flow

What is the waxy substance suberin typically associated with?

What is the pressure potential (ψP) of a living plant cell in a living leaf that is not wilted relative to that in the fluids surrounding the cell?

According to the cohesion-tension mechanism of water transport, why does cohesion occur?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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What is the pressure potential (ψ_P) of a living plant cell in a living leaf that is not wilted relative to that in the fluids surrounding the cell?