Question 1

Identify each lettered part of the human eye shown.  
-optic nerve

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each lettered part of the human...

Question 2

What would be the predicted outcome for a person having eyes that lack a lens but are otherwise fully functional?

Accepted Answer

A) The person would be able to perceive light and even colours, including solid colour over a large area, but not details. 
B) The person would be totally blind. 
C) The person would be able to see some details and read print, but only if the text is written in large, black letters. 
D) The person would have normal vision if wearing glasses. 
A) The person would be able to perceive light and even colours, including solid colour over a large area, but not details. 
B) The person would be totally blind. 
C) The person would be able to see some details and read print, but only if the text is written in large, black letters. 
D) The person would have normal vision if wearing glasses.

Question 3

Identify each lettered part of the human eye shown.  
-cornea

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each lettered part of the human...

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of long-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A) It involves reverberating circuits. 
B) It is limited to multiple chunks of information over a given time. 
C) It is dependent on the corpus callosum. 
D) It involves permanent changes in interneurons.. 
A) It involves reverberating circuits. 
B) It is limited to multiple chunks of information over a given time. 
C) It is dependent on the corpus callosum. 
D) It involves permanent changes in interneurons..

Question 5

Mechanoreceptors for touch and pressure are located in all of the following locations in the vertebrate body EXCEPT which?

Accepted Answer

A) in skeletal muscles 
B) in skin cells 
C) in internal organs 
D) in bones 
A) in skeletal muscles 
B) in skin cells 
C) in internal organs 
D) in bones

Question 6

Suppose that a person suffers a stroke and as a result, a blood clot reduces blood flow in the brain. Also suppose that the person is unable to say words, but is able to read and understand text. Which of the following best explains this person's problem?

Accepted Answer

A) The reduced blood flow damaged Wernicke's area of the temporal lobe. 
B) The interruption in blood flow affected the corpus callosum. 
C) The cortex of the cerebellum was affected by the reduced blood flow. 
D) The reduced blood flow damaged Broca's area of the temporal lobe. 
A) The reduced blood flow damaged Wernicke's area of the temporal lobe. 
B) The interruption in blood flow affected the corpus callosum. 
C) The cortex of the cerebellum was affected by the reduced blood flow. 
D) The reduced blood flow damaged Broca's area of the temporal lobe.

Question 7

Match each term with its definition.
-sensory adaptation

Accepted Answer

A) single unit of a compound eye 
B) allow animals to detect and use Earth's magnetic field for navigation 
C) structure that creates pressure waves in the cochlea as it vibrates 
D) reduction in the frequency of action potentials generated by afferent neurons even though the stimulus has not changed 
E) commonly known as the ear drum
F)specialized receptors that detect electrical fields
G)viscous liquid filling the human eye cavity between the retina and lens
H)terrestrial vertebrates' method of perceiving motion and position of the head
I)process of converting a stimulus into a change in the membrane potential
J)cells in the human eye that connect bipolar cells and ganglion cells
K)dendrites of afferent neurons, or specialized cells that synapse with afferent neurons, that can gather information about the environment
L)calcium carbonate crystals that bend stereocilia as a result of movement of the head
M)a duct that eliminates pressure differentials that can occur between the outer and middle ear
N)process by which the contrast between dark and light is increased in visual processing in the mammalian eye
O)family of photopigments consisting of opsins combined with retinal
P)photopigment found in vertebrate and invertebrate eyes alike
Q)clear liquid between the cornea and lens of a human eye
R)cells in the human eye that connect different photoreceptor cells to each other
S)where a portion of each optic nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain
T)detect stimuli used for balance and the perception of body position
U)small region in the retina where cones are concentrated
V)specialized muscle cells surrounded by afferent neuron dendrites; detect the degree of stretching a muscle is undergoing
W)the site in the thalamus where most optic axons make synapses with interneurons leading to the visual cortex
X)hollow sensory bristles in insects 
A) single unit of a compound eye 
B) allow animals to detect and use Earth's magnetic field for navigation 
C) structure that creates pressure waves in the cochlea as it vibrates 
D) reduction in the frequency of action potentials generated by afferent neurons even though the stimulus has not changed 
E) commonly known as the ear drum
F)specialized receptors that detect electrical fields
G)viscous liquid filling the human eye cavity between the retina and lens
H)terrestrial vertebrates' method of perceiving motion and position of the head
I)process of converting a stimulus into a change in the membrane potential
J)cells in the human eye that connect bipolar cells and ganglion cells
K)dendrites of afferent neurons, or specialized cells that synapse with afferent neurons, that can gather information about the environment
L)calcium carbonate crystals that bend stereocilia as a result of movement of the head
M)a duct that eliminates pressure differentials that can occur between the outer and middle ear
N)process by which the contrast between dark and light is increased in visual processing in the mammalian eye
O)family of photopigments consisting of opsins combined with retinal
P)photopigment found in vertebrate and invertebrate eyes alike
Q)clear liquid between the cornea and lens of a human eye
R)cells in the human eye that connect different photoreceptor cells to each other
S)where a portion of each optic nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain
T)detect stimuli used for balance and the perception of body position
U)small region in the retina where cones are concentrated
V)specialized muscle cells surrounded by afferent neuron dendrites; detect the degree of stretching a muscle is undergoing
W)the site in the thalamus where most optic axons make synapses with interneurons leading to the visual cortex
X)hollow sensory bristles in insects

Question 8

The human vestibular apparatus is a nonadapting sensory system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Identify each lettered cell in the human eye shown.  
-horizontal cell

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each lettered cell in the human...

Question 10

Match each descriptive phrase to a receptor type. Receptor types may be used more than once.
-perceives damage in some internal organs

Accepted Answer

A) mechanoreceptors 
B) photoreceptors 
C) chemoreceptors 
D) thermoreceptors 
E) nociceptors 
A) mechanoreceptors 
B) photoreceptors 
C) chemoreceptors 
D) thermoreceptors 
E) nociceptors

Question 11

Identify each lettered cell in the human eye shown.  
-bipolar cell

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each lettered cell in the human...

Question 12

Match each term with its definition.
-electroreceptors

Accepted Answer

A) single unit of a compound eye 
B) allow animals to detect and use Earth's magnetic field for navigation 
C) structure that creates pressure waves in the cochlea as it vibrates 
D) reduction in the frequency of action potentials generated by afferent neurons even though the stimulus has not changed 
E) commonly known as the ear drum
F)specialized receptors that detect electrical fields
G)viscous liquid filling the human eye cavity between the retina and lens
H)terrestrial vertebrates' method of perceiving motion and position of the head
I)process of converting a stimulus into a change in the membrane potential
J)cells in the human eye that connect bipolar cells and ganglion cells
K)dendrites of afferent neurons, or specialized cells that synapse with afferent neurons, that can gather information about the environment
L)calcium carbonate crystals that bend stereocilia as a result of movement of the head
M)a duct that eliminates pressure differentials that can occur between the outer and middle ear
N)process by which the contrast between dark and light is increased in visual processing in the mammalian eye
O)family of photopigments consisting of opsins combined with retinal
P)photopigment found in vertebrate and invertebrate eyes alike
Q)clear liquid between the cornea and lens of a human eye
R)cells in the human eye that connect different photoreceptor cells to each other
S)where a portion of each optic nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain
T)detect stimuli used for balance and the perception of body position
U)small region in the retina where cones are concentrated
V)specialized muscle cells surrounded by afferent neuron dendrites; detect the degree of stretching a muscle is undergoing
W)the site in the thalamus where most optic axons make synapses with interneurons leading to the visual cortex
X)hollow sensory bristles in insects 
A) single unit of a compound eye 
B) allow animals to detect and use Earth's magnetic field for navigation 
C) structure that creates pressure waves in the cochlea as it vibrates 
D) reduction in the frequency of action potentials generated by afferent neurons even though the stimulus has not changed 
E) commonly known as the ear drum
F)specialized receptors that detect electrical fields
G)viscous liquid filling the human eye cavity between the retina and lens
H)terrestrial vertebrates' method of perceiving motion and position of the head
I)process of converting a stimulus into a change in the membrane potential
J)cells in the human eye that connect bipolar cells and ganglion cells
K)dendrites of afferent neurons, or specialized cells that synapse with afferent neurons, that can gather information about the environment
L)calcium carbonate crystals that bend stereocilia as a result of movement of the head
M)a duct that eliminates pressure differentials that can occur between the outer and middle ear
N)process by which the contrast between dark and light is increased in visual processing in the mammalian eye
O)family of photopigments consisting of opsins combined with retinal
P)photopigment found in vertebrate and invertebrate eyes alike
Q)clear liquid between the cornea and lens of a human eye
R)cells in the human eye that connect different photoreceptor cells to each other
S)where a portion of each optic nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain
T)detect stimuli used for balance and the perception of body position
U)small region in the retina where cones are concentrated
V)specialized muscle cells surrounded by afferent neuron dendrites; detect the degree of stretching a muscle is undergoing
W)the site in the thalamus where most optic axons make synapses with interneurons leading to the visual cortex
X)hollow sensory bristles in insects

Question 13

Identify each lettered part of the vestibular apparatus shown.  
-saccule

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each lettered part of the vestibular...

Question 14

All animals perceive light using different forms of a pigment called retinal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What is a characteristic of rhodopsin?

Accepted Answer

A) Rhodopsin's activity is different for rods and cones, but leads always to increasing amounts of neurotransmitters being released. 
B) Rhodopsin is inactive in the dark and thereby inhibits the release of neurotransmitters from the synaptic terminal unless light is present. 
C) Rhodopsin is active in the dark and thereby allows the release of neurotransmitters from the synaptic terminal in the absence of light. 
D) Rhodopsin is inactive in the dark and thereby allows the release of neurotransmitters from the synaptic terminal unless light is present. 
A) Rhodopsin's activity is different for rods and cones, but leads always to increasing amounts of neurotransmitters being released. 
B) Rhodopsin is inactive in the dark and thereby inhibits the release of neurotransmitters from the synaptic terminal unless light is present. 
C) Rhodopsin is active in the dark and thereby allows the release of neurotransmitters from the synaptic terminal in the absence of light. 
D) Rhodopsin is inactive in the dark and thereby allows the release of neurotransmitters from the synaptic terminal unless light is present.

Question 16

Identify each lettered part of the human eye shown.  
-aqueous humour

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each lettered part of the human...

Question 17

How can organisms perceive different intensities of a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A) by an increase in intensity and frequency of action potentials generated as well as an increase in the number of cells generating action potentials 
B) by an increase in the frequency of action potentials generated by an afferent neuron 
C) by an increase in intensity of the action potentials generated by an afferent neuron 
D) by an increase in the frequency of action potentials generated as well the numbers of afferent neurons generating action potentials, but not the intensity of action potentials 
A) by an increase in intensity and frequency of action potentials generated as well as an increase in the number of cells generating action potentials 
B) by an increase in the frequency of action potentials generated by an afferent neuron 
C) by an increase in intensity of the action potentials generated by an afferent neuron 
D) by an increase in the frequency of action potentials generated as well the numbers of afferent neurons generating action potentials, but not the intensity of action potentials

Question 18

Match each term with its definition.
-otoliths

Accepted Answer

A) single unit of a compound eye 
B) allow animals to detect and use Earth's magnetic field for navigation 
C) structure that creates pressure waves in the cochlea as it vibrates 
D) reduction in the frequency of action potentials generated by afferent neurons even though the stimulus has not changed 
E) commonly known as the ear drum
F)specialized receptors that detect electrical fields
G)viscous liquid filling the human eye cavity between the retina and lens
H)terrestrial vertebrates' method of perceiving motion and position of the head
I)process of converting a stimulus into a change in the membrane potential
J)cells in the human eye that connect bipolar cells and ganglion cells
K)dendrites of afferent neurons, or specialized cells that synapse with afferent neurons, that can gather information about the environment
L)calcium carbonate crystals that bend stereocilia as a result of movement of the head
M)a duct that eliminates pressure differentials that can occur between the outer and middle ear
N)process by which the contrast between dark and light is increased in visual processing in the mammalian eye
O)family of photopigments consisting of opsins combined with retinal
P)photopigment found in vertebrate and invertebrate eyes alike
Q)clear liquid between the cornea and lens of a human eye
R)cells in the human eye that connect different photoreceptor cells to each other
S)where a portion of each optic nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain
T)detect stimuli used for balance and the perception of body position
U)small region in the retina where cones are concentrated
V)specialized muscle cells surrounded by afferent neuron dendrites; detect the degree of stretching a muscle is undergoing
W)the site in the thalamus where most optic axons make synapses with interneurons leading to the visual cortex
X)hollow sensory bristles in insects 
A) single unit of a compound eye 
B) allow animals to detect and use Earth's magnetic field for navigation 
C) structure that creates pressure waves in the cochlea as it vibrates 
D) reduction in the frequency of action potentials generated by afferent neurons even though the stimulus has not changed 
E) commonly known as the ear drum
F)specialized receptors that detect electrical fields
G)viscous liquid filling the human eye cavity between the retina and lens
H)terrestrial vertebrates' method of perceiving motion and position of the head
I)process of converting a stimulus into a change in the membrane potential
J)cells in the human eye that connect bipolar cells and ganglion cells
K)dendrites of afferent neurons, or specialized cells that synapse with afferent neurons, that can gather information about the environment
L)calcium carbonate crystals that bend stereocilia as a result of movement of the head
M)a duct that eliminates pressure differentials that can occur between the outer and middle ear
N)process by which the contrast between dark and light is increased in visual processing in the mammalian eye
O)family of photopigments consisting of opsins combined with retinal
P)photopigment found in vertebrate and invertebrate eyes alike
Q)clear liquid between the cornea and lens of a human eye
R)cells in the human eye that connect different photoreceptor cells to each other
S)where a portion of each optic nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain
T)detect stimuli used for balance and the perception of body position
U)small region in the retina where cones are concentrated
V)specialized muscle cells surrounded by afferent neuron dendrites; detect the degree of stretching a muscle is undergoing
W)the site in the thalamus where most optic axons make synapses with interneurons leading to the visual cortex
X)hollow sensory bristles in insects

Question 19

Match each term with its definition.
-vestibular apparatus

Accepted Answer

A) single unit of a compound eye 
B) allow animals to detect and use Earth's magnetic field for navigation 
C) structure that creates pressure waves in the cochlea as it vibrates 
D) reduction in the frequency of action potentials generated by afferent neurons even though the stimulus has not changed 
E) commonly known as the ear drum
F)specialized receptors that detect electrical fields
G)viscous liquid filling the human eye cavity between the retina and lens
H)terrestrial vertebrates' method of perceiving motion and position of the head
I)process of converting a stimulus into a change in the membrane potential
J)cells in the human eye that connect bipolar cells and ganglion cells
K)dendrites of afferent neurons, or specialized cells that synapse with afferent neurons, that can gather information about the environment
L)calcium carbonate crystals that bend stereocilia as a result of movement of the head
M)a duct that eliminates pressure differentials that can occur between the outer and middle ear
N)process by which the contrast between dark and light is increased in visual processing in the mammalian eye
O)family of photopigments consisting of opsins combined with retinal
P)photopigment found in vertebrate and invertebrate eyes alike
Q)clear liquid between the cornea and lens of a human eye
R)cells in the human eye that connect different photoreceptor cells to each other
S)where a portion of each optic nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain
T)detect stimuli used for balance and the perception of body position
U)small region in the retina where cones are concentrated
V)specialized muscle cells surrounded by afferent neuron dendrites; detect the degree of stretching a muscle is undergoing
W)the site in the thalamus where most optic axons make synapses with interneurons leading to the visual cortex
X)hollow sensory bristles in insects 
A) single unit of a compound eye 
B) allow animals to detect and use Earth's magnetic field for navigation 
C) structure that creates pressure waves in the cochlea as it vibrates 
D) reduction in the frequency of action potentials generated by afferent neurons even though the stimulus has not changed 
E) commonly known as the ear drum
F)specialized receptors that detect electrical fields
G)viscous liquid filling the human eye cavity between the retina and lens
H)terrestrial vertebrates' method of perceiving motion and position of the head
I)process of converting a stimulus into a change in the membrane potential
J)cells in the human eye that connect bipolar cells and ganglion cells
K)dendrites of afferent neurons, or specialized cells that synapse with afferent neurons, that can gather information about the environment
L)calcium carbonate crystals that bend stereocilia as a result of movement of the head
M)a duct that eliminates pressure differentials that can occur between the outer and middle ear
N)process by which the contrast between dark and light is increased in visual processing in the mammalian eye
O)family of photopigments consisting of opsins combined with retinal
P)photopigment found in vertebrate and invertebrate eyes alike
Q)clear liquid between the cornea and lens of a human eye
R)cells in the human eye that connect different photoreceptor cells to each other
S)where a portion of each optic nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain
T)detect stimuli used for balance and the perception of body position
U)small region in the retina where cones are concentrated
V)specialized muscle cells surrounded by afferent neuron dendrites; detect the degree of stretching a muscle is undergoing
W)the site in the thalamus where most optic axons make synapses with interneurons leading to the visual cortex
X)hollow sensory bristles in insects

Question 20

What is grey matter with respect to the cerebrum?

Accepted Answer

A) It is located in the inner region. 
B) It is located in the outer region and the central region surrounding the ventricles. 
C) It is composed of nerve fibres. 
D) It is responsible for transmission of information between neurons. 
A) It is located in the inner region. 
B) It is located in the outer region and the central region surrounding the ventricles. 
C) It is composed of nerve fibres. 
D) It is responsible for transmission of information between neurons.

Exam 45: Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Identify each lettered part of the human eye shown. -optic nerve

What would be the predicted outcome for a person having eyes that lack a lens but are otherwise fully functional?

Identify each lettered part of the human eye shown. -cornea

Which of the following is a characteristic of long-term memory?

Mechanoreceptors for touch and pressure are located in all of the following locations in the vertebrate body EXCEPT which?

Suppose that a person suffers a stroke and as a result, a blood clot reduces blood flow in the brain. Also suppose that the person is unable to say words, but is able to read and understand text. Which of the following best explains this person's problem?

Match each term with its definition. -sensory adaptation

The human vestibular apparatus is a nonadapting sensory system.

Identify each lettered cell in the human eye shown. -horizontal cell

Match each descriptive phrase to a receptor type. Receptor types may be used more than once. -perceives damage in some internal organs

Identify each lettered cell in the human eye shown. -bipolar cell

Match each term with its definition. -electroreceptors

Identify each lettered part of the vestibular apparatus shown. -saccule

All animals perceive light using different forms of a pigment called retinal.

What is a characteristic of rhodopsin?

Identify each lettered part of the human eye shown. -aqueous humour

How can organisms perceive different intensities of a stimulus?

Match each term with its definition. -otoliths

Match each term with its definition. -vestibular apparatus

What is grey matter with respect to the cerebrum?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

Filters