Question 1

What will happen in a cell if it becomes damaged by radiation or chemicals?

Accepted Answer

A) It will not pass the G2 checkpoint. 
B) It will not enter S from G1. 
C) It will not synthesize cyclin-dependent kinases. 
D) It will not enter G1 from mitosis. 
A) It will not pass the G2 checkpoint. 
B) It will not enter S from G1. 
C) It will not synthesize cyclin-dependent kinases. 
D) It will not enter G1 from mitosis.

Question 2

Suppose that a somatic cell divides to form two genetically identical daughter cells during mitosis. Prior to mitosis occurring, which of the following must occur?

Accepted Answer

A) The cell must first be fertilized. 
B) Chromatids must be separated. 
C) The cell must replicate its DNA. 
D) The nucleus must divide. 
A) The cell must first be fertilized. 
B) Chromatids must be separated. 
C) The cell must replicate its DNA. 
D) The nucleus must divide.

Question 3

What are the two most likely reasons for cellular senescence (the loss of proliferative ability)?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA damage and telomere lengthening 
B) DNA damage and telomere shortening 
C) DNA intactness and telomere shortening 
D) DNA intactness and telomere lengthening 
A) DNA damage and telomere lengthening 
B) DNA damage and telomere shortening 
C) DNA intactness and telomere shortening 
D) DNA intactness and telomere lengthening

Question 4

Which of the following stages of mitosis is utilized for karyotype analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) prophase 
B) anaphase 
C) metaphase 
D) prometaphase 
A) prophase 
B) anaphase 
C) metaphase 
D) prometaphase

Question 5

How are binary fission and mitosis different?

Accepted Answer

A) Binary fission is found in eukaryotes, and mitosis is found in prokaryotes. 
B) Binary fission is used for repair, and mitosis is not. 
C) Binary fission is found in prokaryotes, and mitosis is found in eukaryotes. 
D) Binary fission is a division of the nucleus, and mitosis is a division of the cytoplasm. 
A) Binary fission is found in eukaryotes, and mitosis is found in prokaryotes. 
B) Binary fission is used for repair, and mitosis is not. 
C) Binary fission is found in prokaryotes, and mitosis is found in eukaryotes. 
D) Binary fission is a division of the nucleus, and mitosis is a division of the cytoplasm.

Question 6

Which of the following explains cohesins?

Accepted Answer

A) Cohesins are lipids that help separate sister chromatids. 
B) Cohesins are lipids that hold sister chromatids together. 
C) Cohesins are proteins that help separate sister chromatids. 
D) Cohesins are proteins that hold sister chromatids together. 
A) Cohesins are lipids that help separate sister chromatids. 
B) Cohesins are lipids that hold sister chromatids together. 
C) Cohesins are proteins that help separate sister chromatids. 
D) Cohesins are proteins that hold sister chromatids together.

Question 7

At the beginning of interphase in G1, a cell has 36 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be found in that same cell in G2 of interphase?

Accepted Answer

A) 72 
B) 64 
C) 36 
D) 18 
A) 72 
B) 64 
C) 36 
D) 18

Question 8

What is another term for an identifiable structure known as the microtubule organizing centre (MTOC) of an animal cell?

Accepted Answer

A) a cell plate 
B) a centrosome 
C) a kinetochore 
D) a centromere 
A) a cell plate 
B) a centrosome 
C) a kinetochore 
D) a centromere

Question 9

During which phase of mitosis does cytokinesis typically begin?

Accepted Answer

A) anaphase 
B) prophase 
C) telophase 
D) metaphase 
A) anaphase 
B) prophase 
C) telophase 
D) metaphase

Question 10

What would be revealed in a comparison of mitosis and cytokinesis in animal cells and plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A) A cleavage furrow is initiated in animal cells, while a cell plate begins to form in plant cells during telophase. 
B) The nuclear envelope disintegrates in prophase in animal cells, but remains intact in plant cells. 
C) Sister chromatids are identical in animal cells, but they differ from one another in plants. 
D) In animal cells, chromosomes do not become attached to the spindle until anaphase, whereas chromosomes become attached to the spindle at prophase in plant cells. 
A) A cleavage furrow is initiated in animal cells, while a cell plate begins to form in plant cells during telophase. 
B) The nuclear envelope disintegrates in prophase in animal cells, but remains intact in plant cells. 
C) Sister chromatids are identical in animal cells, but they differ from one another in plants. 
D) In animal cells, chromosomes do not become attached to the spindle until anaphase, whereas chromosomes become attached to the spindle at prophase in plant cells.

Question 11

How are a cleavage furrow and a cell plate different?

Accepted Answer

A) A cleavage furrow is found in plant cells, while cell plate is found in animal cells. 
B) A cleavage furrow is found in animal cells, while a cell plate is found in plant cells. 
C) A cleavage furrow is made possible by vesicles, while a cell plate is made possible by means of microtubules. 
D) A cleavage furrow is made possible by vesicles, while a cell plate is made by means of the nucleus. 
A) A cleavage furrow is found in plant cells, while cell plate is found in animal cells. 
B) A cleavage furrow is found in animal cells, while a cell plate is found in plant cells. 
C) A cleavage furrow is made possible by vesicles, while a cell plate is made possible by means of microtubules. 
D) A cleavage furrow is made possible by vesicles, while a cell plate is made by means of the nucleus.

Question 12

When does replication of DNA occur?

Accepted Answer

A) during the S phase 
B) during the G1 phase 
C) during the prophase 
D) during the G0 phase 
A) during the S phase 
B) during the G1 phase 
C) during the prophase 
D) during the G0 phase

Question 13

What is the Hayflick factor responsible for?

Accepted Answer

A) tissue senescence 
B) organ senescence 
C) organ system senescence 
D) cellular senescence 
A) tissue senescence 
B) organ senescence 
C) organ system senescence 
D) cellular senescence

Exam 8: Cell Cycles

What will happen in a cell if it becomes damaged by radiation or chemicals?

Suppose that a somatic cell divides to form two genetically identical daughter cells during mitosis. Prior to mitosis occurring, which of the following must occur?

What are the two most likely reasons for cellular senescence (the loss of proliferative ability)?

Which of the following stages of mitosis is utilized for karyotype analysis?

How are binary fission and mitosis different?

Which of the following explains cohesins?

At the beginning of interphase in G1, a cell has 36 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be found in that same cell in G2 of interphase?

What is another term for an identifiable structure known as the microtubule organizing centre (MTOC) of an animal cell?

During which phase of mitosis does cytokinesis typically begin?

What would be revealed in a comparison of mitosis and cytokinesis in animal cells and plant cells?

How are a cleavage furrow and a cell plate different?

When does replication of DNA occur?

What is the Hayflick factor responsible for?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

Filters

At the beginning of interphase in G₁, a cell has 36 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be found in that same cell in G₂ of interphase?