Question 1

Which of the following phenomena usually involves an excessively negative,overgeneralized assumption about a socially defined category of people?

Accepted Answer

A) self-fulfilling prophecy 
B) confirmation bias 
C) attitude 
D) stereotype 
A) self-fulfilling prophecy 
B) confirmation bias 
C) attitude 
D) stereotype

Question 2

What did Milgram discover through his classic studies on obedience?

Accepted Answer

A) Obedience decreases as the psychological distance between teacher and experimenter increases. 
B) Obedience increases as the psychological distance between teacher and learner decreases. 
C) Obedience decreases as the psychological distance between the teacher and learner increases. 
D) Obedience increases as the psychological distance between teacher and experimenter increases. 
A) Obedience decreases as the psychological distance between teacher and experimenter increases. 
B) Obedience increases as the psychological distance between teacher and learner decreases. 
C) Obedience decreases as the psychological distance between the teacher and learner increases. 
D) Obedience increases as the psychological distance between teacher and experimenter increases.

Question 3

Learned,relatively enduring feelings about objects,events,or issues are called ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) norms 
B) opinions 
C) attitudes 
D) emotions 
A) norms 
B) opinions 
C) attitudes 
D) emotions

Question 4

According to research,the larger the group,the

Accepted Answer

A) safer you are. 
B) more likely you are to receive help. 
C) more likely you are to give assistance. 
D) less likely you are to give or receive help. 
A) safer you are. 
B) more likely you are to receive help. 
C) more likely you are to give assistance. 
D) less likely you are to give or receive help.

Question 5

In which scenario would an individual be most likely to conform by giving the same response as the confederates?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 confederates give the same answer and one confederate provides the correct response. 
B) 8 confederates give the same answer and one provides a different but also incorrect response. 
C) 4 confederates give the same answer and all of the responses are the same. 
D) 2 confederates give the same answer and one provides another answer that is incorrect. 
A) 12 confederates give the same answer and one confederate provides the correct response. 
B) 8 confederates give the same answer and one provides a different but also incorrect response. 
C) 4 confederates give the same answer and all of the responses are the same. 
D) 2 confederates give the same answer and one provides another answer that is incorrect.

Question 6

Most people are likely to be surprised by the results of Milgram's initial obedience experiment because

Accepted Answer

A) the "learners" made so few learning errors under stressful circumstances. 
B) the "teachers" actually enjoyed shocking another person. 
C) the "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted. 
D) the "learners" obediently accepted painful shocks without any protest. 
A) the "learners" made so few learning errors under stressful circumstances. 
B) the "teachers" actually enjoyed shocking another person. 
C) the "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted. 
D) the "learners" obediently accepted painful shocks without any protest.

Question 7

The notion that "mental patients are dangerous" is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) self-fulfilling prophecy. 
B) confirmation bias. 
C) attitude. 
D) stereotype. 
A) self-fulfilling prophecy. 
B) confirmation bias. 
C) attitude. 
D) stereotype.

Question 8

According to research,prejudice is reduced when people must

Accepted Answer

A) come into contact with one another. 
B) change their attitudes and behaviours. 
C) cooperate with one another to achieve a goal. 
D) live together. 
A) come into contact with one another. 
B) change their attitudes and behaviours. 
C) cooperate with one another to achieve a goal. 
D) live together.

Question 9

During a Girl Scout picnic,Lavinia was randomly selected to be on one baseball team and Carla on the opposing team.Before the game started,both Lavinia and Carla were convinced that their own team was the better one.The girls' reactions best illustrate

Accepted Answer

A) the fundamental attribution error. 
B) deindividuation. 
C) the reciprocity norm. 
D) ingroup bias. 
A) the fundamental attribution error. 
B) deindividuation. 
C) the reciprocity norm. 
D) ingroup bias.

Question 10

Stereotype is to _____________ as prejudice is to _____________ as discrimination is to _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) attitude;belief;behaviour 
B) belief;behaviour;attitude 
C) attitude;behaviour;belief 
D) belief;attitude;behaviour 
A) attitude;belief;behaviour 
B) belief;behaviour;attitude 
C) attitude;behaviour;belief 
D) belief;attitude;behaviour

Question 11

Even though Jane thought it was wrong to take from others,she didn't want to be rejected by her peers,so she began shoplifting along with them.Jane probably experienced _______ when she stole.

Accepted Answer

A) the fundamental attribution error 
B) reactance 
C) central route change 
D) cognitive dissonance 
A) the fundamental attribution error 
B) reactance 
C) central route change 
D) cognitive dissonance

Question 12

In the Milgram experiment on obedience,the _______ was a confederate of the experimenter.

Accepted Answer

A) subject 
B) female subject 
C) learner 
D) normal person 
A) subject 
B) female subject 
C) learner 
D) normal person

Question 13

Prejudice differs from discrimination in that it is

Accepted Answer

A) unjustified. 
B) a behaviour. 
C) an attitude. 
D) negative. 
A) unjustified. 
B) a behaviour. 
C) an attitude. 
D) negative.

Question 14

_______ puts people into categories with each category having its own set of characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A) Stereotyping 
B) Prejudice 
C) Discrimination 
D) Bias 
A) Stereotyping 
B) Prejudice 
C) Discrimination 
D) Bias

Question 15

According to Festinger,the feeling of discomfort that results from the realization that our beliefs and our behaviours are discrepant is called:

Accepted Answer

A) attribution. 
B) balance theory. 
C) cognitive dissonance. 
D) confirmation bias. 
A) attribution. 
B) balance theory. 
C) cognitive dissonance. 
D) confirmation bias.

Question 16

_______ found that normal people in normal times will often follow orders to hurt innocent people.

Accepted Answer

A) Solomon Asch 
B) Kurt Lewin 
C) Carolyn Sherif 
D) Stanley Milgram 
A) Solomon Asch 
B) Kurt Lewin 
C) Carolyn Sherif 
D) Stanley Milgram

Question 17

What theory was advanced by Festinger?

Accepted Answer

A) balance 
B) cognitive heuristic 
C) cognitive dissonance 
D) confirmation bias 
A) balance 
B) cognitive heuristic 
C) cognitive dissonance 
D) confirmation bias

Question 18

Which scenario best demonstrates the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

A) Dorothy thinks that a coworker is late because he overslept. 
B) Craig thinks that his classmate must have gotten a poor grade on an exam because the exam was too difficult. 
C) Blanche believes that the driver of the speeding vehicle must be responding to an emergency situation. 
D) Tom laughs at a friend who trips over a shoe because she falls in such a dramatic way. 
A) Dorothy thinks that a coworker is late because he overslept. 
B) Craig thinks that his classmate must have gotten a poor grade on an exam because the exam was too difficult. 
C) Blanche believes that the driver of the speeding vehicle must be responding to an emergency situation. 
D) Tom laughs at a friend who trips over a shoe because she falls in such a dramatic way.

Question 19

What percent of subjects in Milgram's experiment on obedience actually completed the shock series?

Accepted Answer

A) less than 1% 
B) between 5% and 10% 
C) about 65% 
D) about 90% 
A) less than 1% 
B) between 5% and 10% 
C) about 65% 
D) about 90%

Question 20

The Stanford Prison Study has been criticized on the basis of _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) methodological weaknesses 
B) inability to replicate it 
C) lack of real-life application 
D) ethics 
A) methodological weaknesses 
B) inability to replicate it 
C) lack of real-life application 
D) ethics

Exam 13: D: Social Psychology

Which of the following phenomena usually involves an excessively negative,overgeneralized assumption about a socially defined category of people?

What did Milgram discover through his classic studies on obedience?

Learned,relatively enduring feelings about objects,events,or issues are called ___________.

According to research,the larger the group,the

In which scenario would an individual be most likely to conform by giving the same response as the confederates?

Most people are likely to be surprised by the results of Milgram's initial obedience experiment because

The notion that "mental patients are dangerous" is an example of a(n)

According to research,prejudice is reduced when people must

During a Girl Scout picnic,Lavinia was randomly selected to be on one baseball team and Carla on the opposing team.Before the game started,both Lavinia and Carla were convinced that their own team was the better one.The girls' reactions best illustrate

Stereotype is to _____________ as prejudice is to _____________ as discrimination is to _____________.

Even though Jane thought it was wrong to take from others,she didn't want to be rejected by her peers,so she began shoplifting along with them.Jane probably experienced _______ when she stole.

In the Milgram experiment on obedience,the _______ was a confederate of the experimenter.

Prejudice differs from discrimination in that it is

_______ puts people into categories with each category having its own set of characteristics.

According to Festinger,the feeling of discomfort that results from the realization that our beliefs and our behaviours are discrepant is called:

_______ found that normal people in normal times will often follow orders to hurt innocent people.

What theory was advanced by Festinger?

Which scenario best demonstrates the fundamental attribution error?

What percent of subjects in Milgram's experiment on obedience actually completed the shock series?

The Stanford Prison Study has been criticized on the basis of _____________.

A: Introducing Psychological Science

B: Introducing Psychological Science

C: Introducing Psychological Science

D: Introducing Psychological Science

E: Introducing Psychological Science

A: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

C: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

D: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

E: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

A: Biological Psychology

B: Biological Psychology

C: Biological Psychology

D: Biological Psychology

E: Biological Psychology

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

E: Sensation and Perception

A: Consciousness

B: Consciousness

C: Consciousness

D: Consciousness

E: Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

D: Learning

E: Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

D: Memory

E: Memory

A: Thought and Language

B: Thought and Language

C: Thought and Language

D: Thought and Language

E: Thought and Language

A: Intelligence Testing

B: Intelligence Testing

C: Intelligence Testing

D: Intelligence Testing

E: Intelligence Testing

A: Lifespan Development

B: Lifespan Development

C: Lifespan Development

D: Lifespan Development

E: Lifespan Development

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

Emotivation and Emotion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

Stereotype is to _______ as prejudice is to _ as discrimination is to _______.