Exam 3: How Drugs Work in the Body and on the Mind

A possible determinant of whether a placebo effect will occur is __________.

An example of an antagonistic effect would be if Drug A had an effect of 5 and Drug B had an effect of 3, but the combination of the two drugs together resulted in an effect of 15.

Opiates, alcohol, barbiturates, and other depressants are potentially dangerous since there is the risk of inhibiting __________.

Administration of abused drugs by intravenous injection is also known as __________.

Reuptake is the process whereby a neurotransmitter returns from the receptor site back to the presynaptic terminal.

If a drug is taken at noon and an effect is detected at 12:05 but no longer detected by 1:00, it is reasonable to assume that the latency period occurred at __________.

Analogy: Intramuscular is to capillaries as intranasal is to __________.

Constant changes in the state of the gastrointestinal tract can make it difficult to predict the strength of the drug once it reaches the bloodstream. This problem would be associated with which route of administration?

Suppositories may be necessary if __________.

More than 80% of the cerebral cortex is referred to as __________.

Drug effects are considered to be a three-way interaction of the drug's pharmacological properties with __________.

Motivational and emotional behaviours are controlled by the __________.

Involvement with the nucleus accumbens has been linked to compulsive gambling.

Alzheimer's disease has been linked to deficiencies in nicotinic receptors.

Synergism and potentiation are examples of __________.

According to the text, deficiencies in acetylcholine and/or nicotine receptors are linked to _________.

An acceleration or deceleration of the heart rate is considered a(n) ______ response.

If Drug A has an effect of 3 and Drug B has an effect of 6, a purely additive combination effect would be equivalent to 18.

Developing a tolerance for a drug's effect results in tolerance for the effects of another drug never taken; this is known as __________.

Inhalation of smoked drugs such as crack does not present the same hazards to the respiratory system as do tobacco-based cigarettes.