Question 1

Vicarious conditioning occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)  humans. 
B)  monkeys. 
C)  both (a) and (b). 
D)  neither (a) nor (b). 
A)  humans. 
B)  monkeys. 
C)  both (a) and (b). 
D)  neither (a) nor (b). C

Question 2

Social-cognitive theorists are critical of trait theory because they think that

Accepted Answer

A)  variability in action is important to understanding people's personality, yet is relatively disregarded by trait theory. 
B)  trait theorists have placed far too much emphasis on unconscious forces. 
C)  trait theorists are interested in individual differences. 
D)  people do not have distinctive characteristics, or traits. 
A)  variability in action is important to understanding people's personality, yet is relatively disregarded by trait theory. 
B)  trait theorists have placed far too much emphasis on unconscious forces. 
C)  trait theorists are interested in individual differences. 
D)  people do not have distinctive characteristics, or traits. A

Question 3

A ___________ is a criterion for judging the goodness or worth of a person or thing.

Accepted Answer

A)  performance goal 
B)  learning goal 
C)  self-efficacy perception 
D)  evaluative standard 
A)  performance goal 
B)  learning goal 
C)  self-efficacy perception 
D)  evaluative standard D

Question 4

The fact that children learn so many behaviors through television can probably best be explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  Skinnerian operant conditioning. 
B)  Freudian psychoanalytic theory. 
C)  Pavlovian classical conditioning. 
D)  Bandura's observational learning. 
A)  Skinnerian operant conditioning. 
B)  Freudian psychoanalytic theory. 
C)  Pavlovian classical conditioning. 
D)  Bandura's observational learning.

Question 5

The major difference between social cognitive theory and other learning approaches (e.g., Skinner) is that social learning theory

Accepted Answer

A)  emphasizes developmental principles. 
B)  emphasizes learning in the absence of reinforcement. 
C)  emphasizes imitative behavior. 
D)  minimizes the role of reinforcement in performance. 
A)  emphasizes developmental principles. 
B)  emphasizes learning in the absence of reinforcement. 
C)  emphasizes imitative behavior. 
D)  minimizes the role of reinforcement in performance.

Question 6

________ goals usually have a stronger influence on behavior than do ________ goals.

Accepted Answer

A)  easy; difficult 
B)  unclear; clear 
C)  proximal; distal 
D)  distal; proximal 
A)  easy; difficult 
B)  unclear; clear 
C)  proximal; distal 
D)  distal; proximal

Question 7

The CAPS model was developed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Bandura. 
B)  Mischel and Shoda. 
C)  Skinner. 
D)  Costa and McCrae. 
A)  Bandura. 
B)  Mischel and Shoda. 
C)  Skinner. 
D)  Costa and McCrae.

Question 8

Delay of gratification scores in preschool children were found to be related to later

Accepted Answer

A)  parental ratings of cognitive skills. 
B)  parental ratings of self-control skills. 
C)  SAT scores. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  parental ratings of cognitive skills. 
B)  parental ratings of self-control skills. 
C)  SAT scores. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 9

In research conducted by Bandura and Cervone, on factors that increase motivation, results indicated that motivation is most strongly enhanced when people

Accepted Answer

A)  are working toward specific goals, but do not receive any feedback on their performance, since the feedback can distract them from performing at their best. 
B)  receive feedback on their performance but do not receive any specific goals to work toward, since goals can distract people from performing at their best. 
C)  do not receive either goals or feedback on their performance. 
D)  none of the above. 
A)  are working toward specific goals, but do not receive any feedback on their performance, since the feedback can distract them from performing at their best. 
B)  receive feedback on their performance but do not receive any specific goals to work toward, since goals can distract people from performing at their best. 
C)  do not receive either goals or feedback on their performance. 
D)  none of the above.

Question 10

In development of the ability to delay gratification, children develop ways to distance themselves from the "hot" qualities of desired objects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In the cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS) approach of Mischel and Shoda, what is "personality"? That is, how does the theory account for those enduring, distinctive individual characteristics that we usually think of as an individual's "personality"?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive-affective personality syst

Question 12

Behavioral signatures consist of

Accepted Answer

A)  aggregates across situations. 
B)  profiles of situation-behavior relationships. 
C)  generalized expectancies. 
D)  none of the above. 
A)  aggregates across situations. 
B)  profiles of situation-behavior relationships. 
C)  generalized expectancies. 
D)  none of the above.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a structural unit emphasized by social cognitive theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-efficacy beliefs. 
B)  competencies. 
C)  goals. 
D)  generalized expectancies. 
A)  self-efficacy beliefs. 
B)  competencies. 
C)  goals. 
D)  generalized expectancies.

Question 14

A central idea of the CAPS model is that

Accepted Answer

A)  variability in behavior is an important aspect of personality. 
B)  the key determinant of behavior is self-efficacy. 
C)  most behavior is acquired through modeling or observational learning. 
D)  people's trait are stable across different situations. 
A)  variability in behavior is an important aspect of personality. 
B)  the key determinant of behavior is self-efficacy. 
C)  most behavior is acquired through modeling or observational learning. 
D)  people's trait are stable across different situations.

Question 15

According to social cognitive theorists, self-efficacy can be considered a trait.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Social cognitive theory emphasizes stages of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Social cognitive theory has roots in

Accepted Answer

A)  drive theory. 
B)  phenomenology. 
C)  learning theory. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  drive theory. 
B)  phenomenology. 
C)  learning theory. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 18

According to social cognitive theory, effortful performance is most enhanced when

Accepted Answer

A)  goals and feedback are present. 
B)  a relaxed atmosphere prevails. 
C)  incentives are high. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  goals and feedback are present. 
B)  a relaxed atmosphere prevails. 
C)  incentives are high. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 19

___________ knowledge can be stated in words, whereas _________ knowledge cannot.

Accepted Answer

A)  inherited; learned 
B)  declarative; procedural 
C)  reinforced; non-reinforced (i.e., learned via modeling) 
D)  none of the above 
A)  inherited; learned 
B)  declarative; procedural 
C)  reinforced; non-reinforced (i.e., learned via modeling) 
D)  none of the above

Question 20

According to Bandura, a person will try harder if

Accepted Answer

A)  they see a more competent person succeed. 
B)  they see a model punished. 
C)  perceived self-efficacy suggests a chance for success. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  they see a more competent person succeed. 
B)  they see a model punished. 
C)  perceived self-efficacy suggests a chance for success. 
D)  all of the above.

Vicarious conditioning occurs in

Social-cognitive theorists are critical of trait theory because they think that

A ___________ is a criterion for judging the goodness or worth of a person or thing.

The fact that children learn so many behaviors through television can probably best be explained by

The major difference between social cognitive theory and other learning approaches (e.g., Skinner) is that social learning theory

goals usually have a stronger influence on behavior than do goals.

The CAPS model was developed by

Delay of gratification scores in preschool children were found to be related to later

In research conducted by Bandura and Cervone, on factors that increase motivation, results indicated that motivation is most strongly enhanced when people

In development of the ability to delay gratification, children develop ways to distance themselves from the "hot" qualities of desired objects.

In the cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS) approach of Mischel and Shoda, what is "personality"? That is, how does the theory account for those enduring, distinctive individual characteristics that we usually think of as an individual's "personality"?

Behavioral signatures consist of

Which of the following is not a structural unit emphasized by social cognitive theory?

A central idea of the CAPS model is that

According to social cognitive theorists, self-efficacy can be considered a trait.

Social cognitive theory emphasizes stages of cognitive development.

Social cognitive theory has roots in

According to social cognitive theory, effortful performance is most enhanced when

___ knowledge can be stated in words, whereas _ knowledge cannot.

According to Bandura, a person will try harder if

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social-Cognitive Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

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Exam 12: Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Vicarious conditioning occurs in

Social-cognitive theorists are critical of trait theory because they think that

A ___________ is a criterion for judging the goodness or worth of a person or thing.

The fact that children learn so many behaviors through television can probably best be explained by

The major difference between social cognitive theory and other learning approaches (e.g., Skinner) is that social learning theory

________ goals usually have a stronger influence on behavior than do ________ goals.

The CAPS model was developed by

Delay of gratification scores in preschool children were found to be related to later

In research conducted by Bandura and Cervone, on factors that increase motivation, results indicated that motivation is most strongly enhanced when people

In development of the ability to delay gratification, children develop ways to distance themselves from the "hot" qualities of desired objects.

In the cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS) approach of Mischel and Shoda, what is "personality"? That is, how does the theory account for those enduring, distinctive individual characteristics that we usually think of as an individual's "personality"?

Behavioral signatures consist of

Which of the following is not a structural unit emphasized by social cognitive theory?

A central idea of the CAPS model is that

According to social cognitive theorists, self-efficacy can be considered a trait.

Social cognitive theory emphasizes stages of cognitive development.

Social cognitive theory has roots in

According to social cognitive theory, effortful performance is most enhanced when

___________ knowledge can be stated in words, whereas _________ knowledge cannot.

According to Bandura, a person will try harder if

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social-Cognitive Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters

goals usually have a stronger influence on behavior than do goals.

___ knowledge can be stated in words, whereas _ knowledge cannot.