Question 1

Ultimate causes refer to biological processes determining current behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Recent research suggests that children from the same family are so different because of

Accepted Answer

A)  different genes. 
B)  nonshared environmental influences. 
C)  both a and b. 
A)  different genes. 
B)  nonshared environmental influences. 
C)  both a and b.

Question 3

The text draws a link between inheritance and fixed personality characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Thomas and Chess suggested a goodness-of-fit between temperament and parental environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  if shared environments are important, adopted siblings reared together will be more similar than biological siblings. 
B)  if shared environments are important, biological siblings reared together will resemble their parents more than such siblings reared apart. 
C)  if shared environments are important, nonshared environments are unimportant. 
D)  none of the above. 
A)  if shared environments are important, adopted siblings reared together will be more similar than biological siblings. 
B)  if shared environments are important, biological siblings reared together will resemble their parents more than such siblings reared apart. 
C)  if shared environments are important, nonshared environments are unimportant. 
D)  none of the above.

Question 6

High scorers on DvC tend

Accepted Answer

A)  be "night owls." 
B)  morning larks. 
C)  sleep a lot. 
D)  none of the above. 
A)  be "night owls." 
B)  morning larks. 
C)  sleep a lot. 
D)  none of the above.

Question 7

The body of evidence to date suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) the family environment is unimportant for personality. 
B) genes are more important than environment for overall personality. 
C) both a and b. 
D) neither a nor b. 
A) the family environment is unimportant for personality. 
B) genes are more important than environment for overall personality. 
C) both a and b. 
D) neither a nor b.

Question 8

What evidence is there that individual differences in personality have a biological basis? Cite evidence from both twin studies and molecular genetic studies.

Accepted Answer

There is substantial evidence to suggest

Question 9

Your book describes research revealing that sexual orientation in males is predicted the number of siblings one has, regardless of whether they grew up in the same household. What did the study authors conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)  The environment, broadly construed, has very little effect on sexual orientation. 
B)  Genetics are largely responsible for sexual orientation. 
C)  Factors associated with the prenatal environment may explain sexual orientation. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  The environment, broadly construed, has very little effect on sexual orientation. 
B)  Genetics are largely responsible for sexual orientation. 
C)  Factors associated with the prenatal environment may explain sexual orientation. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 10

The key element of the temperament construct is individual differences in emotional quality.

Accepted Answer

The key element of the temperament const

Question 11

The part of the brain implicated in emotion and motivation is the

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  prefrontal cortex. 
D)  Broca's area. 
A)  amygdala. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  prefrontal cortex. 
D)  Broca's area.

Question 12

Behavior geneticists suggest that after heredity, the greatest influence on personality is

Accepted Answer

A)  shared environment. 
B)  parents. 
C)  early experience. 
D)  nonshared environment. 
A)  shared environment. 
B)  parents. 
C)  early experience. 
D)  nonshared environment.

Question 13

Evolved adaptive mechanisms are viewed as

Accepted Answer

A)  broad, context-free. 
B)  identical in both genders. 
C)  task specific. 
D)  the same in all species. 
A)  broad, context-free. 
B)  identical in both genders. 
C)  task specific. 
D)  the same in all species.

Question 14

The case of Phineas Gage illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  the brain for specific personality characteristics. 
B)  the brain for the ability to walk and speak. 
C)  the brain for cognitive functioning. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  the brain for specific personality characteristics. 
B)  the brain for the ability to walk and speak. 
C)  the brain for cognitive functioning. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 15

The concept of heritability estimate refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the proportion of individual differences due to genes. 
B)  the proportion of a characteristic in an individual due to genes. 
C)  the proportion of group differences due to genes. 
D)  none of the above. 
A)  the proportion of individual differences due to genes. 
B)  the proportion of a characteristic in an individual due to genes. 
C)  the proportion of group differences due to genes. 
D)  none of the above.

Question 16

In terms of nonshared environment effects, research suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  much of parenting differences reflect genetic differences among children. 
B)  much of parenting differences reflect birth order differences. 
C)  parents treat their children pretty much the same way. 
D)  daughters and sons are treated pretty much the same way. 
A)  much of parenting differences reflect genetic differences among children. 
B)  much of parenting differences reflect birth order differences. 
C)  parents treat their children pretty much the same way. 
D)  daughters and sons are treated pretty much the same way.

Question 17

Which of the following tends to change in relation to winning and losing in sports?

Accepted Answer

A)  testosterone levels. 
B)  cortisol levels. 
C)  dopamine levels. 
D)  serotonin levels. 
A)  testosterone levels. 
B)  cortisol levels. 
C)  dopamine levels. 
D)  serotonin levels.

Question 18

Kretschmer believed that psychiatric disorder was related to

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligence. 
B)  brain physiology. 
C)  body type. 
D)  blood type. 
A)  intelligence. 
B)  brain physiology. 
C)  body type. 
D)  blood type.

Question 19

Peer ratings confirm the heritability findings based on self-report data.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Kagan's research suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament is fixed in childhood. 
B)  parenting can make a difference in temperament. 
C)  peers are important in the development of temperament. 
D)  unshared environments are important in temperament development. 
A)  temperament is fixed in childhood. 
B)  parenting can make a difference in temperament. 
C)  peers are important in the development of temperament. 
D)  unshared environments are important in temperament development.

Ultimate causes refer to biological processes determining current behavior.

Recent research suggests that children from the same family are so different because of

The text draws a link between inheritance and fixed personality characteristics.

Thomas and Chess suggested a goodness-of-fit between temperament and parental environment.

Which of the following is accurate?

High scorers on DvC tend

The body of evidence to date suggests that

What evidence is there that individual differences in personality have a biological basis? Cite evidence from both twin studies and molecular genetic studies.

Your book describes research revealing that sexual orientation in males is predicted the number of siblings one has, regardless of whether they grew up in the same household. What did the study authors conclude?

The key element of the temperament construct is individual differences in emotional quality.

The part of the brain implicated in emotion and motivation is the

Behavior geneticists suggest that after heredity, the greatest influence on personality is

Evolved adaptive mechanisms are viewed as

The case of Phineas Gage illustrates the importance of

The concept of heritability estimate refers to

In terms of nonshared environment effects, research suggests that

Which of the following tends to change in relation to winning and losing in sports?

Kretschmer believed that psychiatric disorder was related to

Peer ratings confirm the heritability findings based on self-report data.

Kagan's research suggests that

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Social-Cognitive Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

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Exam 9: Biological Foundations of Personality

Ultimate causes refer to biological processes determining current behavior.

Recent research suggests that children from the same family are so different because of

The text draws a link between inheritance and fixed personality characteristics.

Thomas and Chess suggested a goodness-of-fit between temperament and parental environment.

Which of the following is accurate?

High scorers on DvC tend

The body of evidence to date suggests that

What evidence is there that individual differences in personality have a biological basis? Cite evidence from both twin studies and molecular genetic studies.

Your book describes research revealing that sexual orientation in males is predicted the number of siblings one has, regardless of whether they grew up in the same household. What did the study authors conclude?

The key element of the temperament construct is individual differences in emotional quality.

The part of the brain implicated in emotion and motivation is the

Behavior geneticists suggest that after heredity, the greatest influence on personality is

Evolved adaptive mechanisms are viewed as

The case of Phineas Gage illustrates the importance of

The concept of heritability estimate refers to

In terms of nonshared environment effects, research suggests that

Which of the following tends to change in relation to winning and losing in sports?

Kretschmer believed that psychiatric disorder was related to

Peer ratings confirm the heritability findings based on self-report data.

Kagan's research suggests that

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Social-Cognitive Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters