Exam 11: Global Pricing Strategies
Mary knew that her firm would have to change its pricing strategy in the Asian market. Her company's line of high end cosmetics was the subject of price arbitrage. Mary believed that the problem stemmed from the degree of autonomy granted to the country managers in the region. Mary's firm is following a(n):
A
Which of the following approaches may be used by multinational companies to deal with the problem of price escalation?
D
What is dumping? Distinguish between predatory and unintentional dumping.
Dumping refers to the practice of selling goods in a foreign market at a price that is lower than the cost of production or lower than the price charged in the domestic market. This can harm domestic industries by undercutting their prices and making it difficult for them to compete.
Predatory dumping occurs when a company intentionally sells goods in a foreign market at a price below the cost of production in order to drive competitors out of the market. This can lead to monopolistic control of the market and harm consumers by reducing competition.
Unintentional dumping, on the other hand, occurs when a company sells goods in a foreign market at a lower price due to factors such as currency fluctuations, changes in demand, or excess production capacity. While unintentional dumping may still harm domestic industries, it is not done with the intention of driving competitors out of the market.
In both cases, dumping can lead to trade disputes and retaliatory measures by affected countries in order to protect their domestic industries. It is important for governments to monitor and address instances of dumping in order to ensure fair competition in the global market.
The internationally accepted standard definitions for terms of sale set by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) which set out the responsibilities of the buyer and the seller in export transactions and identifies when ownership of goods passes from seller to buyer are called:
With a geocentric pricing strategy the firm sets one worldwide price and country managers have no latitude to change it.
Which of the following is a basis for transfer pricing favored by governments to discourage companies from shifting income to foreign subsidiaries in low- or no-tax jurisdictions?
The global marketing manager can mitigate foreign exchange risk by the use of:
From the standpoint of an importer the most advantageous form of payment is a(n):
What is transfer pricing? Describe two approaches to the calculation of transfer prices.
In an EXW transaction the exporter and importer are required to agree on a mutually acceptable time/date for delivery. At which point does responsibility pass from exporter to importer?
___________________ involves firms colluding on the price that their customers should be charged and is illegal.
In forfait transactions the exporter cannot be held responsible if the importer does not pay, i.e. these transactions are without recourse to the exporter.
Barter and buybacks are both non-price options available to the firm. What is the difference between these two options?
What is price escalation? Outline three strategies that manufacturers can use to reduce the impact of price escalation on consumers.
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