Question 1

Which amendments to the U.S. Constitution seemed to offer African Americans the most hope for achieving full citizenship rights in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  the First, Second, and Third amendments 
B)  the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh amendments 
C)  the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth amendments 
D)  the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments 
E)  The Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second amendments 
A)  the First, Second, and Third amendments 
B)  the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh amendments 
C)  the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth amendments 
D)  the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments 
E)  The Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second amendments

Question 2

In the University of Michigan affirmative action cases, the Supreme Court

Accepted Answer

A)  rejected mechanical point systems for university admissions but upheld highly individualized affirmative action policies that were designed to promote diversity. 
B)  upheld mechanical point systems for university admissions but rejected highly individualized affirmative action policies. 
C)  rejected all affirmative action policies that address university admissions. 
D)  declared that affirmative action policies would no longer be subject to strict scrutiny. 
E)  asserted for the first time that affirmative action policies would be subject to strict scrutiny. 
A)  rejected mechanical point systems for university admissions but upheld highly individualized affirmative action policies that were designed to promote diversity. 
B)  upheld mechanical point systems for university admissions but rejected highly individualized affirmative action policies. 
C)  rejected all affirmative action policies that address university admissions. 
D)  declared that affirmative action policies would no longer be subject to strict scrutiny. 
E)  asserted for the first time that affirmative action policies would be subject to strict scrutiny.

Question 3

The 1947 federal court case Mendez v. Westminster was significant because

Accepted Answer

A)  its decision to uphold policies that created separate schools for Mexican American and white students in California was eventually overturned by Brown v. Board of Education. 
B)  its decision to overturn school segregation of Mexican American students in California served as a precursor to Brown v. Board of Education. 
C)  it was the first court case in American history to rule on the issue of segregation. 
D)  it granted amnesty to all unauthorized immigrants. 
E)  it overturned state laws on who can and who cannot become an American citizen. 
A)  its decision to uphold policies that created separate schools for Mexican American and white students in California was eventually overturned by Brown v. Board of Education. 
B)  its decision to overturn school segregation of Mexican American students in California served as a precursor to Brown v. Board of Education. 
C)  it was the first court case in American history to rule on the issue of segregation. 
D)  it granted amnesty to all unauthorized immigrants. 
E)  it overturned state laws on who can and who cannot become an American citizen.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the federal courts' trend toward school desegregation in the 1990s?

Accepted Answer

A)  The courts increased the federal supervision of local school desegregation. 
B)  The courts decreased the federal supervision of local school desegregation. 
C)  The courts continued the active use of busing. 
D)  The courts ordered the withdrawal of federal education funds from school districts that did not combat de facto segregation. 
E)  The courts ordered the federal government to dramatically increase the amount of money spent on integrating public schools. 
A)  The courts increased the federal supervision of local school desegregation. 
B)  The courts decreased the federal supervision of local school desegregation. 
C)  The courts continued the active use of busing. 
D)  The courts ordered the withdrawal of federal education funds from school districts that did not combat de facto segregation. 
E)  The courts ordered the federal government to dramatically increase the amount of money spent on integrating public schools.

Question 5

Which of the following cases helped lead to the Civil War by deciding that slaves had no due process rights even in free states and territories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marbury v. Madison 
B)  Dred Scott v. Sandford 
C)  Plessy v. Ferguson 
D)  Brown v. Board of Education 
E)  McCulloch v. Maryland 
A)  Marbury v. Madison 
B)  Dred Scott v. Sandford 
C)  Plessy v. Ferguson 
D)  Brown v. Board of Education 
E)  McCulloch v. Maryland

Question 6

How did the Supreme Court justify its decision to strike down the southern practice of "white primaries?"

Accepted Answer

A)  It claimed that the practice infringed upon Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce. 
B)  It claimed that parties were "an agency of the State," and therefore any practice of discrimination against blacks was a violation of the Fifteenth Amendment. 
C)  It claimed that separate but equal elections were inherently unequal and, therefore, a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment. 
D)  It claimed that only the federal government had the authority to conduct primaries under the Constitution. 
E)  It claimed that the practice violated the reserved powers clause of the Tenth Amendment. 
A)  It claimed that the practice infringed upon Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce. 
B)  It claimed that parties were "an agency of the State," and therefore any practice of discrimination against blacks was a violation of the Fifteenth Amendment. 
C)  It claimed that separate but equal elections were inherently unequal and, therefore, a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment. 
D)  It claimed that only the federal government had the authority to conduct primaries under the Constitution. 
E)  It claimed that the practice violated the reserved powers clause of the Tenth Amendment.

Question 7

Before the 1920s, what was the political status of Native Americans?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were federal citizens but not citizens of the states in which they lived. 
B)  They were considered to be foreigners because their tribes were regarded as separate nations. 
C)  They were considered to be unauthorized immigrants, unless they lived on reservations. 
D)  They had the same legal status as any other citizen of the United States. 
E)  They had no political status. 
A)  They were federal citizens but not citizens of the states in which they lived. 
B)  They were considered to be foreigners because their tribes were regarded as separate nations. 
C)  They were considered to be unauthorized immigrants, unless they lived on reservations. 
D)  They had the same legal status as any other citizen of the United States. 
E)  They had no political status.

Question 8

Explain the rise of the civil rights movement in the United States. What role did the NAACP play, and what kind of political strategy did it adopt? What actions of the Supreme Court and the executive branch signaled a willingness to challenge Jim Crow laws? Why was Brown v. Board of Education such an important case?

Accepted Answer

The civil rights movement in the United

Question 9

In ______, Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech.

Accepted Answer

A)  1942 
B)  1948 
C)  1954 
D)  1963 
E)  1976 
A)  1942 
B)  1948 
C)  1954 
D)  1963 
E)  1976

Question 10

In Lawrence v. Texas, the Supreme Court

Accepted Answer

A)  upheld a state law banning private homosexual activity. 
B)  granted gays and lesbians status under the equal protection clause. 
C)  struck down a state law criminalizing homosexual conduct. 
D)  denied that homosexuals were a protected class under the Fourteenth Amendment. 
E)  ruled that gays and lesbians should be allowed to legally marry. 
A)  upheld a state law banning private homosexual activity. 
B)  granted gays and lesbians status under the equal protection clause. 
C)  struck down a state law criminalizing homosexual conduct. 
D)  denied that homosexuals were a protected class under the Fourteenth Amendment. 
E)  ruled that gays and lesbians should be allowed to legally marry.

Question 11

What was the Supreme Court's ruling in Shelley v. Kraemer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Racially restrictive covenants on housing could not be enforced by courts. 
B)  Universities and professional schools had to desegregate. 
C)  Public universities were required to admit women, but private colleges could still segregate on the basis of gender. 
D)  Busing in order to integrate public schools was unconstitutional. 
E)  Busing in order to integrate public schools was constitutional. 
A)  Racially restrictive covenants on housing could not be enforced by courts. 
B)  Universities and professional schools had to desegregate. 
C)  Public universities were required to admit women, but private colleges could still segregate on the basis of gender. 
D)  Busing in order to integrate public schools was unconstitutional. 
E)  Busing in order to integrate public schools was constitutional.

Question 12

The attempt to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment was an important struggle for

Accepted Answer

A)  African Americans. 
B)  Native Americans. 
C)  women. 
D)  gays and lesbians. 
E)  Latinos. 
A)  African Americans. 
B)  Native Americans. 
C)  women. 
D)  gays and lesbians. 
E)  Latinos.

Question 13

During the late 1940s and 1950s, ______ was the head lawyer for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund.

Accepted Answer

A)  John Marshall 
B)  Thurgood Marshall 
C)  James Byrnes 
D)  Frederick Douglas 
E)  Malcolm X 
A)  John Marshall 
B)  Thurgood Marshall 
C)  James Byrnes 
D)  Frederick Douglas 
E)  Malcolm X

Question 14

Many advances in civil rights have been accomplished through federal legislation. Describe the different parts of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. What has it accomplished, and what kind of enforcement mechanisms have been established? What civil rights legislation has been passed since 1964?

Accepted Answer

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landma

Question 15

The term peculiar institution described

Accepted Answer

A)  dual federalism. 
B)  the women's rights movement. 
C)  slavery. 
D)  the abolitionist movement. 
E)  the Supreme Court. 
A)  dual federalism. 
B)  the women's rights movement. 
C)  slavery. 
D)  the abolitionist movement. 
E)  the Supreme Court.

Question 16

At what level of scrutiny do courts review cases involving gender discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  strict scrutiny 
B)  intermediate scrutiny 
C)  loose scrutiny 
D)  stare decisis 
E)  rational basis 
A)  strict scrutiny 
B)  intermediate scrutiny 
C)  loose scrutiny 
D)  stare decisis 
E)  rational basis

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the abolitionist movement is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The movement spread primarily through local organizations in the North. 
B)  The movement spawned two political parties: the Liberty Party and the Free Soil Party. 
C)  The movement grew in the 1830s. 
D)  Some members of the movement aided in the escape of runaway slaves through the Underground Railroad. 
E)  The movement focused most of its energies on eliminating slavery in New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. 
A)  The movement spread primarily through local organizations in the North. 
B)  The movement spawned two political parties: the Liberty Party and the Free Soil Party. 
C)  The movement grew in the 1830s. 
D)  Some members of the movement aided in the escape of runaway slaves through the Underground Railroad. 
E)  The movement focused most of its energies on eliminating slavery in New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.

Question 18

Desegregating schools through the busing of children from poor urban school districts to wealthier suburban ones was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1971.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Congress vastly expanded the role of the executive branch and the credibility of court orders by

Accepted Answer

A)  mandating that the southern states racially gerrymander their legislative districts to ensure that more African Americans were elected to Congress. 
B)  creating the strict scrutiny test. 
C)  creating a Department of Civil Rights. 
D)  requiring that federal grants-in-aid to state and local government for education be withheld from any school system practicing racial segregation. 
E)  ordering the desegregation of the military. 
A)  mandating that the southern states racially gerrymander their legislative districts to ensure that more African Americans were elected to Congress. 
B)  creating the strict scrutiny test. 
C)  creating a Department of Civil Rights. 
D)  requiring that federal grants-in-aid to state and local government for education be withheld from any school system practicing racial segregation. 
E)  ordering the desegregation of the military.

Question 20

The Supreme Court's decisions on school desegregation policies since 1991 generally suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  the Court will uphold all desegregation plans involving predominantly minority schools that lag behind white suburban schools. 
B)  the Court will uphold all desegregation plans involving white suburban schools that lag behind predominantly minority schools. 
C)  the Court will refuse to hear any cases in the future about desegregation plans. 
D)  the Court will be willing to end desegregation plans even when predominantly minority schools continue to lag significantly behind white suburban schools. 
E)  the Court will always uphold all desegregation plans, regardless of the schools involve. 
A)  the Court will uphold all desegregation plans involving predominantly minority schools that lag behind white suburban schools. 
B)  the Court will uphold all desegregation plans involving white suburban schools that lag behind predominantly minority schools. 
C)  the Court will refuse to hear any cases in the future about desegregation plans. 
D)  the Court will be willing to end desegregation plans even when predominantly minority schools continue to lag significantly behind white suburban schools. 
E)  the Court will always uphold all desegregation plans, regardless of the schools involve.

Which amendments to the U.S. Constitution seemed to offer African Americans the most hope for achieving full citizenship rights in the United States?

In the University of Michigan affirmative action cases, the Supreme Court

The 1947 federal court case Mendez v. Westminster was significant because

Which of the following best describes the federal courts' trend toward school desegregation in the 1990s?

Which of the following cases helped lead to the Civil War by deciding that slaves had no due process rights even in free states and territories?

How did the Supreme Court justify its decision to strike down the southern practice of "white primaries?"

Before the 1920s, what was the political status of Native Americans?

In ______, Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech.

In Lawrence v. Texas, the Supreme Court

What was the Supreme Court's ruling in Shelley v. Kraemer?

The attempt to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment was an important struggle for

During the late 1940s and 1950s, ______ was the head lawyer for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund.

Many advances in civil rights have been accomplished through federal legislation. Describe the different parts of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. What has it accomplished, and what kind of enforcement mechanisms have been established? What civil rights legislation has been passed since 1964?

The term peculiar institution described

At what level of scrutiny do courts review cases involving gender discrimination?

Which of the following statements about the abolitionist movement is false?

Desegregating schools through the busing of children from poor urban school districts to wealthier suburban ones was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1971.

In the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Congress vastly expanded the role of the executive branch and the credibility of court orders by

The Supreme Court's decisions on school desegregation policies since 1991 generally suggest that

American Political Culture

The Founding and the Constitution

Federalism

Civil Liberties

Public Opinion

The Media

Political Participation and Voting

Political Parties

Campaigns and Elections

Groups and Interests

Congress

The Presidency

Bureaucracy in a Democracy

The Federal Courts

Filters

Exam 5: Civil Rights

Which amendments to the U.S. Constitution seemed to offer African Americans the most hope for achieving full citizenship rights in the United States?

In the University of Michigan affirmative action cases, the Supreme Court

The 1947 federal court case Mendez v. Westminster was significant because

Which of the following best describes the federal courts' trend toward school desegregation in the 1990s?

Which of the following cases helped lead to the Civil War by deciding that slaves had no due process rights even in free states and territories?

How did the Supreme Court justify its decision to strike down the southern practice of "white primaries?"

Before the 1920s, what was the political status of Native Americans?

In ______, Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech.

In Lawrence v. Texas, the Supreme Court

What was the Supreme Court's ruling in Shelley v. Kraemer?

The attempt to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment was an important struggle for

During the late 1940s and 1950s, ______ was the head lawyer for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund.

Many advances in civil rights have been accomplished through federal legislation. Describe the different parts of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. What has it accomplished, and what kind of enforcement mechanisms have been established? What civil rights legislation has been passed since 1964?

The term peculiar institution described

At what level of scrutiny do courts review cases involving gender discrimination?

Which of the following statements about the abolitionist movement is false?

Desegregating schools through the busing of children from poor urban school districts to wealthier suburban ones was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1971.

In the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Congress vastly expanded the role of the executive branch and the credibility of court orders by

The Supreme Court's decisions on school desegregation policies since 1991 generally suggest that

American Political Culture

The Founding and the Constitution

Federalism

Civil Liberties

Public Opinion

The Media

Political Participation and Voting

Political Parties

Campaigns and Elections

Groups and Interests

Congress

The Presidency

Bureaucracy in a Democracy

The Federal Courts

Filters