Question 1

The agricultural revolution was the foundation on which the commercial revolution of the High Middle Ages rested.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

At Canossa in the winter of 1077:

Accepted Answer

A) King Henry IV did penance before Pope Gregory VII. 
B) King Henry IV captured Pope Gregory VII. 
C) Pope Gregory acknowledged the military might of King Henry IV. 
D) King Henry IV arrived,but Pope Gregory VII refused to see him. 
E) Pope Gregory VII received Henry IV and they resolved their differences through negotiation. 
A) King Henry IV did penance before Pope Gregory VII. 
B) King Henry IV captured Pope Gregory VII. 
C) Pope Gregory acknowledged the military might of King Henry IV. 
D) King Henry IV arrived,but Pope Gregory VII refused to see him. 
E) Pope Gregory VII received Henry IV and they resolved their differences through negotiation. A

Question 3

What issues were central in the Cluniac reform?

Accepted Answer

The monastery of Cluny was established directly under the papacy and,unlike other Benedictine houses,created a hierarchy of daughter houses across Europe.Cluny became famous for its status as a house free from secular control and for its high spiritual standards,a characteristic it passed on to its daughter houses.The house of Cluny attempted to reform other monasteries,insisting on the rigid enforcements of the Benedictine law and electing abbots and priors through free elections and not by appointment or through purchase.Cluniac reform was strongest in France and Italy as opposed to England and Germany,where the kings had already sponsored reform but had done so by placing themselves as the heads of the movement and maintaining the power to elect churchmen to important positions.The Cluniacs insisted on the reform of the entire church,including secular clerics,and centered their attacks on simony and celibacy.The reformers insisted that no ecclesiastical office should be used for personal gain and demanded that all priests obey the monastic requirements of poverty and celibacy.The last-named requirement was a radical one as,unlike monks,most priests were married and had children.Even some bishops were married.For instance,the bishop of Dol in Brittany and his wife publicly celebrated the marriage of their daughters and even endowed them with lands that had belonged to the diocese.For the Cluniac reformers this behavior-noncelibate bishops who used their office for their own personal gain-was precisely what they aimed to change.

Question 4

Crusading knights needed a minimum of 2 years' revenues in hand to go on crusade.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

It was more difficult for serfs to improve their economic and social status because:

Accepted Answer

A) serfs were forced to work every daylight hour of every day to produce food for their lord. 
B) serfs were illiterate,and literacy was required for social and economic mobility. 
C) serfs were regularly fined large amounts by their lords for very small infractions. 
D) serfs were tied to their lord's manorial lands and so could not move. 
E) the aristocracy violently oppressed all serfs. 
A) serfs were forced to work every daylight hour of every day to produce food for their lord. 
B) serfs were illiterate,and literacy was required for social and economic mobility. 
C) serfs were regularly fined large amounts by their lords for very small infractions. 
D) serfs were tied to their lord's manorial lands and so could not move. 
E) the aristocracy violently oppressed all serfs.

Question 6

In 1059,Pope Nicholas II issued a new decree on papal elections,which gave the power to elect future popes to the:

Accepted Answer

A) people of Rome. 
B) German imperial court. 
C) leading abbots of Cluniac monasteries. 
D) College of Cardinals. 
E) monarchs of England,France,and Germany. 
A) people of Rome. 
B) German imperial court. 
C) leading abbots of Cluniac monasteries. 
D) College of Cardinals. 
E) monarchs of England,France,and Germany.

Question 7

Due to the expansion of commerce and the availability of cheap and nutritious food,the largest European cities boasted populations of over 1 million people by 1300.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Historians generally do not use the term feudalism today because it:

Accepted Answer

A) is too narrow a term to capture political and economic relationships in the Middle Ages. 
B) was a term often used in the Middle Ages that means little today. 
C) is a Marxist term that is inappropriate for use about the Middle Ages. 
D) is not a real word. 
E) means too many different things to be of use. 
A) is too narrow a term to capture political and economic relationships in the Middle Ages. 
B) was a term often used in the Middle Ages that means little today. 
C) is a Marxist term that is inappropriate for use about the Middle Ages. 
D) is not a real word. 
E) means too many different things to be of use.

Question 9

The Viking kingdoms of Scandinavia were so successful because:

Accepted Answer

A) they continued to rely on traditional Viking networks of trade and kinship but combined them with newer models of governance. 
B) their legitimacy was immediately recognized by other polities,which feared the Vikings would attack them if the kingdoms were not recognized. 
C) they refused to convert to Christianity or to recognize Christian kings as legitimate. 
D) they like the Roman Empire,they relied heavily on a slave economy. 
E) they remained isolated and uninvolved in European affairs. 
A) they continued to rely on traditional Viking networks of trade and kinship but combined them with newer models of governance. 
B) their legitimacy was immediately recognized by other polities,which feared the Vikings would attack them if the kingdoms were not recognized. 
C) they refused to convert to Christianity or to recognize Christian kings as legitimate. 
D) they like the Roman Empire,they relied heavily on a slave economy. 
E) they remained isolated and uninvolved in European affairs.

Question 10

The exchange of land for service or money in the Middle Ages resulted in a political system that:

Accepted Answer

A) was rigidly hierarchical. 
B) created many different types of ties,both horizontal and hierarchical. 
C) only created horizontal ties. 
D) was controlled wholly by the king. 
E) favored petty lords over lords who held a great deal of land. 
A) was rigidly hierarchical. 
B) created many different types of ties,both horizontal and hierarchical. 
C) only created horizontal ties. 
D) was controlled wholly by the king. 
E) favored petty lords over lords who held a great deal of land.

Question 11

Although Viking raids often devastated towns,the Vikings also revitalized cities by:

Accepted Answer

A) providing slave labor for manors. 
B) founding many castles around which cities formed. 
C) exploring new territory where new cities were founded. 
D) founding manufacturing centers for the production of ships and arms. 
E) returning large amounts of gold and silver coin to the markets of medieval Europe. 
A) providing slave labor for manors. 
B) founding many castles around which cities formed. 
C) exploring new territory where new cities were founded. 
D) founding manufacturing centers for the production of ships and arms. 
E) returning large amounts of gold and silver coin to the markets of medieval Europe.

Question 12

No new political entities arose in Europe as a direct result of the Viking raids of the previous century.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The tenth century was known for ineffective kingship throughout Europe and:

Accepted Answer

A) the momentous Investiture Conflict. 
B) the beginning of the Christian Crusades against Muslims. 
C) a very effective and powerful papacy. 
D) local bishops who were surpassing nobles in power and authority. 
E) an incompetent and largely corrupt papacy. 
A) the momentous Investiture Conflict. 
B) the beginning of the Christian Crusades against Muslims. 
C) a very effective and powerful papacy. 
D) local bishops who were surpassing nobles in power and authority. 
E) an incompetent and largely corrupt papacy.

Question 14

The first successful attempt to restore the spiritual authority of the Latin Church can be traced to the establishment of a new kind of monastery at:

Accepted Answer

A) Toulouse in Burgundy. 
B) Lorraine in Alsace. 
C) Cluny in Burgundy. 
D) Tours in the Île de France. 
E) Orléans in Burgundy. 
A) Toulouse in Burgundy. 
B) Lorraine in Alsace. 
C) Cluny in Burgundy. 
D) Tours in the Île de France. 
E) Orléans in Burgundy.

Question 15

Aside from raising food yields from 50 to 67 percent,the movement from a two-field system to a three-field system resulted in:

Accepted Answer

A) lower yields per acre and increased labor output. 
B) the use of fewer plough animals like oxen or horses. 
C) higher yields per acre and a more even distribution of labor throughout the year. 
D) more people being needed on each manor to work the land. 
E) the introduction of irrigation systems. 
A) lower yields per acre and increased labor output. 
B) the use of fewer plough animals like oxen or horses. 
C) higher yields per acre and a more even distribution of labor throughout the year. 
D) more people being needed on each manor to work the land. 
E) the introduction of irrigation systems.

Question 16

One factor that contributed to the increase in agricultural output in the medieval period was:

Accepted Answer

A) diminished rainfall that allowed for more time to be able to work the fields. 
B) a slight cooling of the average temperature that caused a shift to higher yield crops. 
C) a rise in average temperature that allowed for a longer growing season. 
D) increased rainfall causing a shift in crops grown that had larger yields. 
E) the development of the seeder plow paired with the use of manure for fertilizer. 
A) diminished rainfall that allowed for more time to be able to work the fields. 
B) a slight cooling of the average temperature that caused a shift to higher yield crops. 
C) a rise in average temperature that allowed for a longer growing season. 
D) increased rainfall causing a shift in crops grown that had larger yields. 
E) the development of the seeder plow paired with the use of manure for fertilizer.

Question 17

In 1071,Byzantium lost Armenia and wealthy Anatolia to the:

Accepted Answer

A) Saracen Turks. 
B) Seljuq Turks. 
C) Akko Turks. 
D) Abbasid Turks. 
E) Fatimid Turks. 
A) Saracen Turks. 
B) Seljuq Turks. 
C) Akko Turks. 
D) Abbasid Turks. 
E) Fatimid Turks.

Question 18

The weakness of the Byzantine empire in the eleventh century was caused,in part,by:

Accepted Answer

A) a series of ill kings who did not reign for very long. 
B) diplomatic overtures it made to the Islamic caliphate. 
C) a series of raids along the northern border of the empire. 
D) a drastic reduction in trade due to closing markets in the East. 
E) the debasing of the empire's gold coinage. 
A) a series of ill kings who did not reign for very long. 
B) diplomatic overtures it made to the Islamic caliphate. 
C) a series of raids along the northern border of the empire. 
D) a drastic reduction in trade due to closing markets in the East. 
E) the debasing of the empire's gold coinage.

Question 19

During the eleventh century,the most spectacular developments in long-distance trade took place in:

Accepted Answer

A) Italy. 
B) the North Sea. 
C) the Rhineland. 
D) Sicily. 
E) England. 
A) Italy. 
B) the North Sea. 
C) the Rhineland. 
D) Sicily. 
E) England.

Question 20

The Ottonian emperors were the first to be able to exercise actual control in the areas they claimed to rule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The agricultural revolution was the foundation on which the commercial revolution of the High Middle Ages rested.

At Canossa in the winter of 1077:

What issues were central in the Cluniac reform?

Crusading knights needed a minimum of 2 years' revenues in hand to go on crusade.

It was more difficult for serfs to improve their economic and social status because:

In 1059,Pope Nicholas II issued a new decree on papal elections,which gave the power to elect future popes to the:

Due to the expansion of commerce and the availability of cheap and nutritious food,the largest European cities boasted populations of over 1 million people by 1300.

Historians generally do not use the term feudalism today because it:

The Viking kingdoms of Scandinavia were so successful because:

The exchange of land for service or money in the Middle Ages resulted in a political system that:

Although Viking raids often devastated towns,the Vikings also revitalized cities by:

No new political entities arose in Europe as a direct result of the Viking raids of the previous century.

The tenth century was known for ineffective kingship throughout Europe and:

The first successful attempt to restore the spiritual authority of the Latin Church can be traced to the establishment of a new kind of monastery at:

Aside from raising food yields from 50 to 67 percent,the movement from a two-field system to a three-field system resulted in:

One factor that contributed to the increase in agricultural output in the medieval period was:

In 1071,Byzantium lost Armenia and wealthy Anatolia to the:

The weakness of the Byzantine empire in the eleventh century was caused,in part,by:

During the eleventh century,the most spectacular developments in long-distance trade took place in:

The Ottonian emperors were the first to be able to exercise actual control in the areas they claimed to rule.

Early Civilizations

Peoples, gods, and Empires: 1700-500

The Civilization of Greece, 1000-400

The Greek World Expands, 400-150

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Romes Three Heirs,500-950

The Consolidation of Europe,1100-1250

The Medieval World,1250-1350

Rebirth and Unrest,1350-1453

Innovation and Exploration,1453-1533

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500-1564

Europe in the Atlantic World,1550-1660

European Monarchies and Absolutism,1660-1725

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

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Exam 8: The Expansion of Europe,950-1100

The agricultural revolution was the foundation on which the commercial revolution of the High Middle Ages rested.

At Canossa in the winter of 1077:

What issues were central in the Cluniac reform?

Crusading knights needed a minimum of 2 years' revenues in hand to go on crusade.

It was more difficult for serfs to improve their economic and social status because:

In 1059,Pope Nicholas II issued a new decree on papal elections,which gave the power to elect future popes to the:

Due to the expansion of commerce and the availability of cheap and nutritious food,the largest European cities boasted populations of over 1 million people by 1300.

Historians generally do not use the term feudalism today because it:

The Viking kingdoms of Scandinavia were so successful because:

The exchange of land for service or money in the Middle Ages resulted in a political system that:

Although Viking raids often devastated towns,the Vikings also revitalized cities by:

No new political entities arose in Europe as a direct result of the Viking raids of the previous century.

The tenth century was known for ineffective kingship throughout Europe and:

The first successful attempt to restore the spiritual authority of the Latin Church can be traced to the establishment of a new kind of monastery at:

Aside from raising food yields from 50 to 67 percent,the movement from a two-field system to a three-field system resulted in:

One factor that contributed to the increase in agricultural output in the medieval period was:

In 1071,Byzantium lost Armenia and wealthy Anatolia to the:

The weakness of the Byzantine empire in the eleventh century was caused,in part,by:

During the eleventh century,the most spectacular developments in long-distance trade took place in:

The Ottonian emperors were the first to be able to exercise actual control in the areas they claimed to rule.

Early Civilizations

Peoples, gods, and Empires: 1700-500

The Civilization of Greece, 1000-400

The Greek World Expands, 400-150

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Romes Three Heirs,500-950

The Consolidation of Europe,1100-1250

The Medieval World,1250-1350

Rebirth and Unrest,1350-1453

Innovation and Exploration,1453-1533

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500-1564

Europe in the Atlantic World,1550-1660

European Monarchies and Absolutism,1660-1725

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

Filters