Exam 5: Learning

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,the presentation of the meat was the:

The schedule of reinforcement that yields the slowest increase in a behavior and the fastest extinction of the behavior when the schedule is stopped is ________.

In classical conditioning,when a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a response,the neutral stimulus eventually elicits a similar response or becomes a/an _______ stimulus.

On a fixed-ratio schedule,reinforcement is given ________.

If a researcher presents the US first,then presents the CS,the pairing method used is _______.

The person MOST closely associated with the law of effect is __________.

One of the best known examples of classical conditioning in humans was the Little Albert study,conducted by _______.

As she walked through her neighborhood,Jodie,a 6 year old girl,frequently saw a large brown dog.She repeatedly walked to the dog to pet it,but as her hand approached the animal,it barked and bit her.The bite was painful and caused her to cry.Now Jodie cries when she sees dogs of any color or size.In the example,the dog's bark and bite is the:

Most young children put their hands over their ears when they hear the loud boom of firecrackers at a Fourth of July festival,but at first pay scant attention to the person lighting the firecrackers.However,after just a few firecrackers have been exploded,some of the children put their hands over their ears as soon as they see the person approach the firecracker with a match! What is the conditioned stimulus?

Which schedule of reinforcement reinforces the first correct response after a constant interval of time has elapsed?

Training a rat to push a lever to escape from an electric shock is an example of:

The process of learning to respond only to a single specific object or event is called _______.

The process of learning to respond only to a single specific object or event is called _________ .

The apparatus that has come to symbolize the theory of operant conditioning is the:

Cognitive maps are:

Learning that depends on mental processes that are not able to be observed directly is called _________ learning.

An infant who is fed every four hours is on a schedule that is SIMILAR to which of the following?

Classical conditioning was discovered by _______.

Which of the following statements about punishment is NOT true?

Though Jenny tried in vain to reach a puzzle on the top shelf by standing on a chair,she simply could not reach.Suddenly she realized that by placing a thick catalog on the seat of the chair,she would be high enough to reach the puzzle.Jenny's solution is best explained by which of the following?