Exam 32: Agency Formation and Duties
Miracle Motors employs Norris as a sales agent for a trial period.At the end of the period,Miracle Motors and Norris disagree on the amount of the commissions Norris is due for sales that he made.Norris may demand
B
Tri-state Financial Corporation hires Uri,a real estate agent,to locate investment properties for Tri-state.Uri learns of a warehouse available for $100,000,informs Tri-state,and makes an offer of $90,000 on Tri-state's instruction.The offer is rejected.Uri
B
Arnold is the chief executive officer of Beta Corporation.Arnold's re?sponsibilities include decisions on product development,marketing,and other significant business directions.Arnold is subject to the approval and oversight of Beta's board of directors.Carol is a Beta manager whose duties include the firm's day-to-day hiring,firing,purchasing,and sell?ing.Dave is a Beta salesperson,whose daily activities are con?trolled by Carol.Erin writes technical manuals for Beta products ac?cording to Arnold's instructions and subject to Beta's control,but has no dealings with Beta custom?ers or sup?pliers.Fred edits the manuals on a contract-per-manual basis and is not otherwise subject to Beta's control.Who is a principal? Who is an agent? Who is an employee? Who is an independent contractor?
Beta is a principal.Arnold,Carol,Dave,and Erin are Beta agents and employees.Fred is an independent contractor.In an agency relationship,an agent agrees to act for or on behalf of a principal.An agent is subject to the control of the principal.An employee is subject to the control of employer.An independent contractor is not subject to an employer's control.A corporation is a "person" who has contractual capacity but who can act only through its agents.Beta,as a corporation,is acting through its agents.Arnold,Carol,Dave,and Erin act on behalf of Beta,from which they obtain their authority.This authority differs: Arnold,Carol,and Dave can bind Beta in certain ways in their dealings with third parties,but Erin does not have the authority to legally bind Beta.Because Arnold,Carol,Dave,and Erin are subject to the control of Beta,through their superiors,they are employees.Because Fred is not subject to Beta's control with respect to the physical conduct in the performance of his contracts,Fred is an independent contractor.
An agent's deviation from the lawful,clearly stated instructions of the principal is a violation of the duty of obedience.
Ozzy is an officer of Prudent Financial Corporation.Ozzy serves in a representative capacity for Prudent Financial's owners.With respect to binding Prudent Financial to contracts,Ozzy is
An agent is authorized to act on behalf of a principal in doing business with third parties.
Independent contractors have no control over the details of their work performance.
Pam is an agent for Refined Chemicals Corporation.Refined Chemicals owes Pam the duty of
Fact Pattern 32-1A (Questions A4-A5 apply)
Janet and Julie work at ABC Interiors.Janet is a designer who works with cli?ents of ABC on interior design projects.ABC closely supervises all of its design?ers,and dictates their work schedules.Julie works part-time in the evenings cleaning the offices.
-Refer to Fact Pattern 32-1A.Janet is ABC's
Acts of a purported agent in and of themselves can create an agency by estoppel.
When an agency relationship is gratuitous,the agent does not act in exchange for payment.
Jill introduces Kelly to her friends as "my associate." Kelly purports to act as Jill's agent in several business transactions with those friends.If Jill is liable for Kelly's actions,it will be under
An agent has a duty to keep and make available to the principal an account of all property and funds received and paid out on behalf of the principal.
Home Development Company employs llya to buy property for a future residential development.Ilya secretly buys some of the property and sells it to Home Development at a profit.Ilya has breached
Mackenzie,an agent for Lindsay,signs an agreement with Kirk on Lindsay's behalf but ne?glects to tell her that the agreement requires the payment of a certain tax.The government prosecutes Lindsay for failing to pay the tax.She is
Fact Pattern 32-1A (Questions A4-A5 apply)
Janet and Julie work at ABC Interiors.Janet is a designer who works with cli?ents of ABC on interior design projects.ABC closely supervises all of its design?ers,and dictates their work schedules.Julie works part-time in the evenings cleaning the offices.
-Refer to Fact Pattern 32-1A.Julie is ABC's
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