Question 1

A nurse concludes that a restless, agitated client is manifesting a "fight-or-flight" response. The nurse should associate this response with which neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A) Acetylcholine 
B) Dopamine 
C) Serotonin 
D) Norepinephrine 
A) Acetylcholine 
B) Dopamine 
C) Serotonin 
D) Norepinephrine D

Question 2

A client's wife of 34 years dies unexpectedly. The client cries often and becomes socially isolated. The client's therapist encourages open discussion of feelings, proper nutrition, and exercise. What is the best rationale for the therapist's advice?

Accepted Answer

A) The therapist is using an interpersonal approach. 
B) The client has an alteration in neurotransmitters. 
C) It is routine practice to remind clients about nutrition, exercise, and rest. 
D) The client is susceptible to illness due to effects of stress on the immune system. 
A) The therapist is using an interpersonal approach. 
B) The client has an alteration in neurotransmitters. 
C) It is routine practice to remind clients about nutrition, exercise, and rest. 
D) The client is susceptible to illness due to effects of stress on the immune system. D

Question 3

A nurse understands that the abnormal secretion of growth hormone may play a role in which illness?

Accepted Answer

A) Acute mania 
B) Schizophrenia 
C) Anorexia nervosa 
D) Alzheimer's disease 
A) Acute mania 
B) Schizophrenia 
C) Anorexia nervosa 
D) Alzheimer's disease C

Question 4

A client is admitted to an emergency department experiencing memory deficits and decreased motor function. What alteration in brain chemistry should a nurse correlate with the presentation of these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A) Abnormal levels of serotonin 
B) Decreased levels of dopamine 
C) Increased levels of norepinephrine 
D) Decreased levels of acetylcholine 
A) Abnormal levels of serotonin 
B) Decreased levels of dopamine 
C) Increased levels of norepinephrine 
D) Decreased levels of acetylcholine

Question 5

A nursing instructor is teaching about the monoamine category of neurotransmitters. Which student statement indicates that learning about the function of norepinephrine has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) Norepinephrine functions to regulate movement, coordination, and emotions. 
B) Norepinephrine functions to regulate mood, cognition, and perception. 
C) Norepinephrine functions to regulate arousal, libido, and appetite. 
D) Norepinephrine functions to regulate pain, inflammatory response, and wakefulness. 
A) Norepinephrine functions to regulate movement, coordination, and emotions. 
B) Norepinephrine functions to regulate mood, cognition, and perception. 
C) Norepinephrine functions to regulate arousal, libido, and appetite. 
D) Norepinephrine functions to regulate pain, inflammatory response, and wakefulness.

Question 6

Which client statement reflects an understanding of the effect of circadian rhythms on psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

A) "When I dream about my mother's horrible train accident, I become hysterical." 
B) "I get really irritable during my menstrual cycle." 
C) "I'm a morning person.I get my best work done in the a.m." 
D) "Every February, I tend to experience periods of sadness." 
A) "When I dream about my mother's horrible train accident, I become hysterical." 
B) "I get really irritable during my menstrual cycle." 
C) "I'm a morning person.I get my best work done in the a.m." 
D) "Every February, I tend to experience periods of sadness."

Question 7

A client is admitted to a psychiatric unit with the diagnosis of catatonic schizophrenia. Which of the client's neurotransmitters should a nurse expect to be elevated?

Accepted Answer

A) Serotonin 
B) Dopamine 
C) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB
A)  
D) Histamine 
A) Serotonin 
B) Dopamine 
C) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB
A)  
D) Histamine

Question 8

Which of the following information should a nurse include when explaining causes of anorexia nervosa to a client? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) There is a possible correlation between abnormal secretion of growth hormone and anorexia nervosa. 
B) There is a possible correlation between antidiuretic hormone levels and anorexia nervosa. 
C) There is a possible correlation between low levels of gonadotropin and anorexia nervosa. 
D) There is a possible correlation between increased levels of prolactin and anorexia nervosa. 
E) There is a possible correlation between altered levels of oxytocin and anorexia nervosa. 
A) There is a possible correlation between abnormal secretion of growth hormone and anorexia nervosa. 
B) There is a possible correlation between antidiuretic hormone levels and anorexia nervosa. 
C) There is a possible correlation between low levels of gonadotropin and anorexia nervosa. 
D) There is a possible correlation between increased levels of prolactin and anorexia nervosa. 
E) There is a possible correlation between altered levels of oxytocin and anorexia nervosa.

Question 9

During a sleep study, a delta rhythm has been recorded for a client experiencing sleep apnea. The nurse recognizes the characteristic that is associated with this rhythm. What stage of sleep activity would be documented?

Accepted Answer

A) Delta rhythm is a period of dozing occurring in stage 1 of sleep activity. 
B) Delta rhythm is a period of deep and restful sleep occurring in stage 3 of sleep activity. 
C) Delta rhythm is a period of relaxed waking occurring in stage 0 of sleep activity. 
D) Delta rhythm is a period of dreaming occurring in stage 2 of sleep activity. 
A) Delta rhythm is a period of dozing occurring in stage 1 of sleep activity. 
B) Delta rhythm is a period of deep and restful sleep occurring in stage 3 of sleep activity. 
C) Delta rhythm is a period of relaxed waking occurring in stage 0 of sleep activity. 
D) Delta rhythm is a period of dreaming occurring in stage 2 of sleep activity.

Question 10

A depressed client states, "I have a chemical imbalance in my brain. I have no control over my behavior. Medications are my only hope to feel normal again." Which nursing response is appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) "Medications only address biological factors.Environmental and interpersonal factors must also be considered." 
B) "Because biological factors are the sole cause of depression, medications will improve your mood." 
C) "Environmental factors have been shown to exert the most influence in the development of depression." 
D) "Researchers have been unable to demonstrate a link between nature (biology and genetics) and nurture (environment)." 
A) "Medications only address biological factors.Environmental and interpersonal factors must also be considered." 
B) "Because biological factors are the sole cause of depression, medications will improve your mood." 
C) "Environmental factors have been shown to exert the most influence in the development of depression." 
D) "Researchers have been unable to demonstrate a link between nature (biology and genetics) and nurture (environment)."

Question 11

Which mental illness should a nurse identify as being associated with a decrease in prolactin hormone level?

Accepted Answer

A) Major depression 
B) Schizophrenia 
C) Anorexia nervosa 
D) Alzheimer's disease 
A) Major depression 
B) Schizophrenia 
C) Anorexia nervosa 
D) Alzheimer's disease

Question 12

A nurse should recognize that a decrease in norepinephrine levels would play a significant role in which mental illness?

Accepted Answer

A) Mania 
B) Schizophrenia 
C) Anxiety 
D) Depression 
A) Mania 
B) Schizophrenia 
C) Anxiety 
D) Depression

Question 13

Six months after her husband and children were killed in a car accident, a client is diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The nurse should recognize that this situation validates which study perspective?

Accepted Answer

A) The study of neuroendocrinology 
B) The study of psychoimmunology 
C) The study of diagnostic technology 
D) The study of neurophysiology 
A) The study of neuroendocrinology 
B) The study of psychoimmunology 
C) The study of diagnostic technology 
D) The study of neurophysiology

Question 14

An instructor is teaching nursing students about neurotransmitters. Which term best explains the process of how neurotransmitters released into the synaptic cleft may return to the presynaptic neuron?

Accepted Answer

A) Regeneration 
B) Reuptake 
C) Recycling 
D) Retransmission 
A) Regeneration 
B) Reuptake 
C) Recycling 
D) Retransmission

Question 15

Which types of adoption studies should a nurse recognize as providing useful information for the psychiatric community?

Accepted Answer

A) Studies in which children with mentally ill biological parents are raised by adoptive parents who were mentally healthy 
B) Studies in which children with mentally healthy biological parents are raised by adoptive parents who were mentally ill 
C) Studies in which monozygotic twins from mentally ill parents were raised separately by different adoptive parents 
D) Studies in which monozygotic twins were raised together by mentally ill biological parents 
E) All of the above 
A) Studies in which children with mentally ill biological parents are raised by adoptive parents who were mentally healthy 
B) Studies in which children with mentally healthy biological parents are raised by adoptive parents who were mentally ill 
C) Studies in which monozygotic twins from mentally ill parents were raised separately by different adoptive parents 
D) Studies in which monozygotic twins were raised together by mentally ill biological parents 
E) All of the above

Question 16

Which cerebral structure should a nursing instructor describe to students as the "emotional brain"?

Accepted Answer

A) The cerebellum 
B) The limbic system 
C) The cortex 
D) The left temporal lobe 
A) The cerebellum 
B) The limbic system 
C) The cortex 
D) The left temporal lobe

Question 17

Which of the following symptoms should a nurse expect to assess in a client experiencing elevated levels of thyroid hormone? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Emotional lability 
B) Depression 
C) Insomnia 
D) Restlessness 
E) Apathy 
A) Emotional lability 
B) Depression 
C) Insomnia 
D) Restlessness 
E) Apathy

Question 18

Which part of the nervous system should a nurse identify as playing a major role during stressful situations?

Accepted Answer

A) Peripheral nervous system 
B) Somatic nervous system 
C) Sympathetic nervous system 
D) Parasympathetic nervous system 
A) Peripheral nervous system 
B) Somatic nervous system 
C) Sympathetic nervous system 
D) Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 19

Which of the following symptoms should a nurse associate with increased levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in a newly admitted client? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Depression 
B) Fatigue 
C) Increased libido 
D) Mania 
E) Hyperexcitability 
A) Depression 
B) Fatigue 
C) Increased libido 
D) Mania 
E) Hyperexcitability

Question 20

A withdrawn client diagnosed with schizophrenia expresses little emotion and refuses to attend group therapy. What altered component of the nervous system should a nurse recognize as being responsible for this behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) Dendrites 
B) Axons 
C) Neurotransmitters 
D) Synapses 
A) Dendrites 
B) Axons 
C) Neurotransmitters 
D) Synapses

Exam 4: Concepts of Psychobiology

A nurse concludes that a restless, agitated client is manifesting a "fight-or-flight" response. The nurse should associate this response with which neurotransmitter?

A client's wife of 34 years dies unexpectedly. The client cries often and becomes socially isolated. The client's therapist encourages open discussion of feelings, proper nutrition, and exercise. What is the best rationale for the therapist's advice?

A nurse understands that the abnormal secretion of growth hormone may play a role in which illness?

A client is admitted to an emergency department experiencing memory deficits and decreased motor function. What alteration in brain chemistry should a nurse correlate with the presentation of these symptoms?

A nursing instructor is teaching about the monoamine category of neurotransmitters. Which student statement indicates that learning about the function of norepinephrine has occurred?

Which client statement reflects an understanding of the effect of circadian rhythms on psychopathology?

A client is admitted to a psychiatric unit with the diagnosis of catatonic schizophrenia. Which of the client's neurotransmitters should a nurse expect to be elevated?

Which of the following information should a nurse include when explaining causes of anorexia nervosa to a client? (Select all that apply.)

During a sleep study, a delta rhythm has been recorded for a client experiencing sleep apnea. The nurse recognizes the characteristic that is associated with this rhythm. What stage of sleep activity would be documented?

A depressed client states, "I have a chemical imbalance in my brain. I have no control over my behavior. Medications are my only hope to feel normal again." Which nursing response is appropriate?

Which mental illness should a nurse identify as being associated with a decrease in prolactin hormone level?

A nurse should recognize that a decrease in norepinephrine levels would play a significant role in which mental illness?

Six months after her husband and children were killed in a car accident, a client is diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The nurse should recognize that this situation validates which study perspective?

An instructor is teaching nursing students about neurotransmitters. Which term best explains the process of how neurotransmitters released into the synaptic cleft may return to the presynaptic neuron?

Which types of adoption studies should a nurse recognize as providing useful information for the psychiatric community?

Which cerebral structure should a nursing instructor describe to students as the "emotional brain"?

Which of the following symptoms should a nurse expect to assess in a client experiencing elevated levels of thyroid hormone? (Select all that apply.)

Which part of the nervous system should a nurse identify as playing a major role during stressful situations?

Which of the following symptoms should a nurse associate with increased levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in a newly admitted client? (Select all that apply.)

A withdrawn client diagnosed with schizophrenia expresses little emotion and refuses to attend group therapy. What altered component of the nervous system should a nurse recognize as being responsible for this behavior?

The Concept of Stress Adaptation

Mental Healthmental Illness: Historical and Theoretical Concepts

Theoretical Models of Personality Development

Ethical and Legal Issues in Psychiatricmental Health Nursing

Cultural and Spiritual Concepts Relevant to Psychiatricmental Health Nursing

Relationship Development

Therapeutic Communication

The Nursing Process in Psychiatricmental Health Nursing

Therapeutic Groups

Intervention With Families

Milieu Therapy - the Therapeutic Community

Crisis Intervention

Relaxation Therapy

Assertiveness Training

Promoting Self Esteem

Angeraggression Management

Intervention With a Suicidal Client

Behavior Therapy

Cognitive Therapy

Electroconvolusive Therapy

Complementary Therapies

Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence

Delirium, Dementia, and Amnestic Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Mood Diorders: Depression

Mood Disorders: Bipolar Disorder

Anxiety Disorders

Somatoform and Disassociative Disorders

Issues Related to Human Sexuality and Gender Identity

Eating Disorders

Adjustment and Impulse Control Disorders

Personality Disorders

The Aging Individual

Victims of Abuse or Neglect

Community Mental Health Nursing

Forensic Nursing

The Bereaved Individual

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