Question 1

The __________ __________ theory states that the universe began with a cataclysmic explosion the created space and time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________ __________ theory states that the...

Question 2

The Sun's turbulent, diffuse 2,000 to 3,000 kilometer outer layer is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Sun's turbulent, diffuse 2,000 to 3,000...

Question 3

Spherical clouds of dust and gas, called a __________ __________, surround the Milky Way's galactic disk.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Spherical clouds of dust and gas, called...

Question 4

A pulsar is a __________ that emits a pulsating radio signal.

Accepted Answer

A)  red giant 
B)  white dwarf 
C)  neutron star 
D)  black hole 
A)  red giant 
B)  white dwarf 
C)  neutron star 
D)  black hole

Question 5

Orion's absorption nebula:

Accepted Answer

A)  is about as dense as the Earth's atmosphere at sea level. 
B)  is so hot that its atoms glow like a neon light. 
C)  contains all or most of the natural elements. 
D)  is about 100 times as massive as our Solar System. 
A)  is about as dense as the Earth's atmosphere at sea level. 
B)  is so hot that its atoms glow like a neon light. 
C)  contains all or most of the natural elements. 
D)  is about 100 times as massive as our Solar System.

Question 6

The Milky Way rotates about its center once every 200 million years, so in the 4.6-billion-year history of the Earth, we have completed 23 rotations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The diameter of the Milky Way galaxy is about __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  100,000,000 kilometers 
B)  10 light-years 
C)  200,000 light-years 
D)  10 billion light-years 
A)  100,000,000 kilometers 
B)  10 light-years 
C)  200,000 light-years 
D)  10 billion light-years

Question 8

The __________ __________ of a star is its brightness as seen 10 parsec away from Earth.

Accepted Answer

absolute b

Question 9

The __________ brightness of a star is how bright a star would appear if it were 10 parsec away from Earth.

Accepted Answer

A)  absolute 
B)  relative 
C)  apparent 
D)  main 
A)  absolute 
B)  relative 
C)  apparent 
D)  main

Question 10

The galactic halo and globular clusters are probably remnants of the original protogalaxy that condensed to form the Milky Way.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Cosmic background radiation is __________, __________ radiation that began traveling through space when the Universe was about 300,000 years old.

Accepted Answer

A)  low-energy, microwave 
B)  high-energy, microwave 
C)  low-energy, ultraviolet 
D)  high-energy, ultraviolet 
A)  low-energy, microwave 
B)  high-energy, microwave 
C)  low-energy, ultraviolet 
D)  high-energy, ultraviolet

Question 12

Population II stars are originally composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  mostly heavy elements inherited from population I stars. 
B)  only hydrogen and helium. 
C)  mostly hydrogen and heavy elements. 
D)  mostly helium with small amounts of hydrogen and smaller amounts of heavy elements. 
A)  mostly heavy elements inherited from population I stars. 
B)  only hydrogen and helium. 
C)  mostly hydrogen and heavy elements. 
D)  mostly helium with small amounts of hydrogen and smaller amounts of heavy elements.

Question 13

Sunspots are areas:

Accepted Answer

A)  caused by the Sun's magnetic field restricting heat exchange in the photosphere. 
B)  that appear as towering pillars that rise from the Sun's surface. 
C)  where the temperature is 100° warmer than surrounding areas. 
D)  that generally persist for only a few seconds. 
A)  caused by the Sun's magnetic field restricting heat exchange in the photosphere. 
B)  that appear as towering pillars that rise from the Sun's surface. 
C)  where the temperature is 100° warmer than surrounding areas. 
D)  that generally persist for only a few seconds.

Question 14

Our Sun is __________ as a main-sequence star.

Accepted Answer

A)  halfway through its mature phase 
B)  just starting its time 
C)  almost finished with its time 
D)  in the very young phase 
A)  halfway through its mature phase 
B)  just starting its time 
C)  almost finished with its time 
D)  in the very young phase

Question 15

About 90 percent of all stars lie in the main sequence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In the Sun's core, __________ fusion takes place.

Accepted Answer

A)  iron 
B)  oxygen 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  carbon 
A)  iron 
B)  oxygen 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  carbon

Question 17

The big bang theory is supported by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the observation that all galaxies are flying away from one another, implying a common origin at a common time. 
B)  the fact that the calculation of the abundance of helium formed during primordial nucleosynthesis agrees with the theory. 
C)  the fact that the calculated cosmic background radiation agrees with the theory. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  the observation that all galaxies are flying away from one another, implying a common origin at a common time. 
B)  the fact that the calculation of the abundance of helium formed during primordial nucleosynthesis agrees with the theory. 
C)  the fact that the calculated cosmic background radiation agrees with the theory. 
D)  all of the above

Question 18

Hubble's law states that the:

Accepted Answer

A)  most distant galaxies are moving outward at the greatest speeds. 
B)  most distant galaxies are moving toward us at the greatest speeds. 
C)  closest galaxies are moving toward us at the greatest speeds. 
D)  closest galaxies are moving away from us at the greatest speeds. 
A)  most distant galaxies are moving outward at the greatest speeds. 
B)  most distant galaxies are moving toward us at the greatest speeds. 
C)  closest galaxies are moving toward us at the greatest speeds. 
D)  closest galaxies are moving away from us at the greatest speeds.

Question 19

The radiation emitted by stars, galaxies, and quasars is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  first generation energy. 
B)  second generation energy. 
C)  the big bang. 
D)  cosmic background radiation. 
A)  first generation energy. 
B)  second generation energy. 
C)  the big bang. 
D)  cosmic background radiation.

Question 20

A graph that plots absolute magnitudes versus temperatures is called a/an __________ diagram.

Accepted Answer

Hertzsprun

Exam 24: Stars, Space, and Galaxies

The __________ __________ theory states that the universe began with a cataclysmic explosion the created space and time.

The Sun's turbulent, diffuse 2,000 to 3,000 kilometer outer layer is called the __________.

Spherical clouds of dust and gas, called a __________ __________, surround the Milky Way's galactic disk.

A pulsar is a __________ that emits a pulsating radio signal.

Orion's absorption nebula:

The Milky Way rotates about its center once every 200 million years, so in the 4.6-billion-year history of the Earth, we have completed 23 rotations.

The diameter of the Milky Way galaxy is about __________.

The __________ __________ of a star is its brightness as seen 10 parsec away from Earth.

The __________ brightness of a star is how bright a star would appear if it were 10 parsec away from Earth.

The galactic halo and globular clusters are probably remnants of the original protogalaxy that condensed to form the Milky Way.

Cosmic background radiation is __________, __________ radiation that began traveling through space when the Universe was about 300,000 years old.

Population II stars are originally composed of:

Sunspots are areas:

Our Sun is __________ as a main-sequence star.

About 90 percent of all stars lie in the main sequence.

In the Sun's core, __________ fusion takes place.

The big bang theory is supported by:

Hubble's law states that the:

The radiation emitted by stars, galaxies, and quasars is known as:

A graph that plots absolute magnitudes versus temperatures is called a/an __________ diagram.

Earth Systems

Minerals

Rocks

Geologic Time: a Story in the Rocks

Geologic Resources

The Active Earth: Plate Tectonics

Earthquakes and the Earths Structure

Volcanoes and Plutons

Mountains

Weathering, Soil, and Erosion

Fresh Water: Streams, Lakes, Ground Water, and Wetlands

Water Resources

Glaciers and Ice Ages

Deserts and Wind

Ocean Basins

Oceans and Coastlines

The Atmosphere

Energy Balance in the Atmosphere

Moisture, Clouds, and Weather

Climate

Climate Change

Motions in the Heavens

Planets and Their Moons

Filters

The theory states that the universe began with a cataclysmic explosion the created space and time.

Spherical clouds of dust and gas, called a , surround the Milky Way's galactic disk.

The of a star is its brightness as seen 10 parsec away from Earth.

Cosmic background radiation is , radiation that began traveling through space when the Universe was about 300,000 years old.