Exam 3: Rocks

Parallel growth of mica (and other minerals) during metamorphism and deformation of shales produces layering called __________.

Shale, siltstone, and sandstone belong to the category of __________ __________ rock.

__________ defines the size, shape, and arrangement of igneous mineral grains in a rock.

The process of __________ compresses buried sediment and forces water out of pore spaces.

A large river carrying massive amounts of sediment to the ocean every year and accumulates on the delta produces __________ metamorphism.

The rock cycle describes geologic processes in which:

Obsidian:

The __________ __________ of a rock is the intensity of metamorphism that formed the rock.

Weathering and erosion near the Earth's surface create the materials for __________ rocks.

Sedimentary bedding forms as:

Lithified gravel is called __________.

The crust of present-day Earth is only about ten percent igneous or metamorphic igneous rock.

Contact metamorphism commonly causes deformation.

Hot water causes __________ metamorphism.

Burial metamorphism is occurring today deep within the Mississippi River delta.

Lithified clay is called:

When a rock melts, the resulting magma __________ by about __________.

Plutonic rocks are usually medium- or coarse-grained, whereas volcanic rocks are fine-grained.

Water and air attack rocks at Earth's surface in a process called __________.

Rocks are permanent over geologic time.