Exam 9: Mountains

Continents move about as fast as your fingernail grows.

In a/an __________ fault, the hanging wall has moved upward relative to the footwall.

The __________ are a relatively narrow mountain chain on the west coast of South America composed predominantly of volcanic and plutonic rocks formed by subduction at a continental margin.

The Himalayas were formed:

A/an _________ _________ is a special type of reverse fault that is nearly horizontal.

Where two oceanic plates converge, one sinks beneath the other and dives into the mantle forming a/an:

The sides of a fold in rock are called __________.

The Himalayas were formed by convergence of the __________ plate and the __________ plate.

If tectonic forces stretch the crust over a large area, many thrust faults may develop, allowing numerous grabens to settle downward along the faults.

Rock often moves repeatedly along many faults because:

Mountains affect weather and climate.

A circular or elliptical anticlinal shaped structure is called a basin.

A/an __________ is any feature produced by rock deformation.

Continental mountain ranges rise because the crust becomes __________ where tectonic plates collide.

If tectonic forces fracture the Earth's crust, rocks on opposite sides of the fracture may move past each other to create a fault.

A sedimentary basin between a subduction complex and an island arc is called a __________ __________.

In a normal fault, the hanging wall has moved __________ relative to the footwall.

A/an __________ is a fracture in rock where rocks on either side of the fracture have not moved.

During the formation of the __________, the leading edge of India began to slide under Tibet in a process called underthrusting.

A wedge-shaped block of rock that drops downward between a pair of normal faults is a/an: