Question 1

A major criticism of Freud's theory is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  failed to predict behavior. 
B)  examined one's state of mind. 
C)  endures over time. 
D)  was the first to examine the unconscious mind. 
A)  failed to predict behavior. 
B)  examined one's state of mind. 
C)  endures over time. 
D)  was the first to examine the unconscious mind.

Question 2

The famous test introduced by Hermann Rorschach asks test-takers to respond to

Accepted Answer

A)  frightening pictures. 
B)  ambiguous stories. 
C)  meaningless inkblots. 
D)  incomplete sentences. 
A)  frightening pictures. 
B)  ambiguous stories. 
C)  meaningless inkblots. 
D)  incomplete sentences.

Question 3

According to Freud,a fixation involves the focus of one's energies on

Accepted Answer

A)  repression. 
B)  free association. 
C)  false memories. 
D)  an earlier psychosexual stage. 
A)  repression. 
B)  free association. 
C)  false memories. 
D)  an earlier psychosexual stage.

Question 4

Freud suggested that defense mechanisms protect an individual from

Accepted Answer

A)  anxiety. 
B)  an inferiority complex. 
C)  the collective unconscious. 
D)  erogenous zones. 
A)  anxiety. 
B)  an inferiority complex. 
C)  the collective unconscious. 
D)  erogenous zones.

Question 5

When she was 4 years old,Inge was sexually abused by her uncle.At 14,Inge felt uncomfortable whenever she saw this uncle but was unable to understand why she felt this way.A psychoanalyst would be most likely to suggest that Inge is using the defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

A)  repression. 
B)  rationalization. 
C)  regression. 
D)  displacement. 
A)  repression. 
B)  rationalization. 
C)  regression. 
D)  displacement.

Question 6

Repression refers to the defense mechanism by which people

Accepted Answer

A)  offer self-justifying explanations in place of the real but threatening unconscious reasons for action. 
B)  retreat to behavior patterns characteristic of an earlier stage of development. 
C)  disguise threatening impulses by attributing them to others. 
D)  banish anxiety-arousing thoughts from consciousness. 
A)  offer self-justifying explanations in place of the real but threatening unconscious reasons for action. 
B)  retreat to behavior patterns characteristic of an earlier stage of development. 
C)  disguise threatening impulses by attributing them to others. 
D)  banish anxiety-arousing thoughts from consciousness.

Question 7

Jordan feels guilty for hurting his younger brother.Freud would have attributed these feelings to Jordan's

Accepted Answer

A)  id. 
B)  superego. 
C)  ego. 
D)  collective unconscious. 
A)  id. 
B)  superego. 
C)  ego. 
D)  collective unconscious.

Question 8

Carl Jung believed that the collective unconscious contains ________ derived from our species' universal experiences.

Accepted Answer

A)  archetypes 
B)  free associations 
C)  defense mechanisms 
D)  erogenous zones 
A)  archetypes 
B)  free associations 
C)  defense mechanisms 
D)  erogenous zones

Question 9

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  defense mechanism. 
B)  objective test. 
C)  projective test. 
D)  measure of conscious thought. 
A)  defense mechanism. 
B)  objective test. 
C)  projective test. 
D)  measure of conscious thought.

Question 10

Six-year-old Terrance has been watching his favorite cartoon while his father prepares dinner.When the cartoon is over,Terrance asks his father for a new toy fire truck and for sugary cereal for breakfast tomorrow.A psychologist might say that Terrance was ________ to ask for these things because of the toy and cereal commercials he saw while watching the cartoon.

Accepted Answer

A)  sublimated 
B)  displaced 
C)  projected 
D)  primed 
A)  sublimated 
B)  displaced 
C)  projected 
D)  primed

Question 11

Mary enjoys socializing with friends and talking with them on her cell phone.Eileen prefers quiet times by herself when she can reflect on her own thoughts.The characteristics of Mary and Eileen indicate that each has a distinctive

Accepted Answer

A)  fixation. 
B)  personality. 
C)  Electra complex. 
D)  collective unconscious. 
A)  fixation. 
B)  personality. 
C)  Electra complex. 
D)  collective unconscious.

Question 12

Freud thought that the part of a dream we remember is a censored version of

Accepted Answer

A)  the Oedipus complex. 
B)  a false consensus. 
C)  unconscious wishes. 
D)  the pleasure principle. 
A)  the Oedipus complex. 
B)  a false consensus. 
C)  unconscious wishes. 
D)  the pleasure principle.

Question 13

The belief that some distressing physical symptoms made no neurological sense contributed most directly to

Accepted Answer

A)  Adler's interest in the inferiority complex. 
B)  Freud's interest in unconscious conflicts. 
C)  Horney's interest in women's views. 
D)  Jung's interest in the collective unconscious. 
A)  Adler's interest in the inferiority complex. 
B)  Freud's interest in unconscious conflicts. 
C)  Horney's interest in women's views. 
D)  Jung's interest in the collective unconscious.

Question 14

The implicit memories that operate even among those with amnesia best illustrate the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  the id,ego,and superego. 
B)  defense mechanisms. 
C)  unconscious thought. 
D)  displacement. 
A)  the id,ego,and superego. 
B)  defense mechanisms. 
C)  unconscious thought. 
D)  displacement.

Question 15

Ingrid is a married woman who pursues sexual gratification by means of kissing rather than through sexual intercourse.According to Freud,this illustrates a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  Oedipus complex. 
B)  pleasure principle. 
C)  fixation. 
D)  projection. 
A)  Oedipus complex. 
B)  pleasure principle. 
C)  fixation. 
D)  projection.

Question 16

Lee is 45-years-old and has recently become interested in girls.He likes the way they look and wonders what it would be like to kiss a girl.According to Freud,Lee is in the ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

A)  anal 
B)  genital 
C)  latency 
D)  phallic 
A)  anal 
B)  genital 
C)  latency 
D)  phallic

Question 17

Neo-Freudian personality theorists were most likely to disagree with Freud about the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  the unconscious dynamics underlying behavior. 
B)  childhood sexual instincts. 
C)  anxiety and defense mechanisms. 
D)  distinguishing between id,ego,and superego. 
A)  the unconscious dynamics underlying behavior. 
B)  childhood sexual instincts. 
C)  anxiety and defense mechanisms. 
D)  distinguishing between id,ego,and superego.

Question 18

Freud emphasized that stressful and painful experiences are repressed into the unconscious.But modern research has demonstrated

Accepted Answer

A)  support for fixation of repressed sexual desires. 
B)  support for the projection of repressed fears. 
C)  that high stress and associated stress hormones enhance memory. 
D)  support for the displacement of repressed hostilities. 
A)  support for fixation of repressed sexual desires. 
B)  support for the projection of repressed fears. 
C)  that high stress and associated stress hormones enhance memory. 
D)  support for the displacement of repressed hostilities.

Question 19

An individual's characteristic pattern of thinking,feeling,and acting is his or her

Accepted Answer

A)  self-esteem. 
B)  personality. 
C)  reality principle. 
D)  defense mechanism. 
A)  self-esteem. 
B)  personality. 
C)  reality principle. 
D)  defense mechanism.

Question 20

According to psychoanalytic theory,the part of the personality that strives for immediate gratification of basic drives is the

Accepted Answer

A)  id. 
B)  ego. 
C)  superego. 
D)  erogenous zones. 
A)  id. 
B)  ego. 
C)  superego. 
D)  erogenous zones.

Exam 45: Humanistic Perspective

A major criticism of Freud's theory is that it

The famous test introduced by Hermann Rorschach asks test-takers to respond to

According to Freud,a fixation involves the focus of one's energies on

Freud suggested that defense mechanisms protect an individual from

When she was 4 years old,Inge was sexually abused by her uncle.At 14,Inge felt uncomfortable whenever she saw this uncle but was unable to understand why she felt this way.A psychoanalyst would be most likely to suggest that Inge is using the defense mechanism of

Repression refers to the defense mechanism by which people

Jordan feels guilty for hurting his younger brother.Freud would have attributed these feelings to Jordan's

Carl Jung believed that the collective unconscious contains ________ derived from our species' universal experiences.

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)is a(n)

Mary enjoys socializing with friends and talking with them on her cell phone.Eileen prefers quiet times by herself when she can reflect on her own thoughts.The characteristics of Mary and Eileen indicate that each has a distinctive

Freud thought that the part of a dream we remember is a censored version of

The belief that some distressing physical symptoms made no neurological sense contributed most directly to

The implicit memories that operate even among those with amnesia best illustrate the importance of

Ingrid is a married woman who pursues sexual gratification by means of kissing rather than through sexual intercourse.According to Freud,this illustrates a(n)

Lee is 45-years-old and has recently become interested in girls.He likes the way they look and wonders what it would be like to kiss a girl.According to Freud,Lee is in the ________ stage of development.

Neo-Freudian personality theorists were most likely to disagree with Freud about the importance of

Freud emphasized that stressful and painful experiences are repressed into the unconscious.But modern research has demonstrated

An individual's characteristic pattern of thinking,feeling,and acting is his or her

According to psychoanalytic theory,the part of the personality that strives for immediate gratification of basic drives is the

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Hearing

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Coping With Stress

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Contemporary Research on Personality

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

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