Question 1

Which of the following statements would most likely appear on a lie scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I often feel self-conscious around strangers." 
B)  "I get too much attention from my parents." 
C)  "I enjoy doing my school homework by myself." 
D)  "I've never told even a little white lie." 
A)  "I often feel self-conscious around strangers." 
B)  "I get too much attention from my parents." 
C)  "I enjoy doing my school homework by myself." 
D)  "I've never told even a little white lie."

Question 2

Research on different brain regions and Big Five traits indicate that those who score high on conscientiousness

Accepted Answer

A)  have a larger frontal lobe area. 
B)  have a smaller frontal lobe area. 
C)  are wired to experience intense imagination. 
D)  have a more active amygdala. 
A)  have a larger frontal lobe area. 
B)  have a smaller frontal lobe area. 
C)  are wired to experience intense imagination. 
D)  have a more active amygdala.

Question 3

Trait theorists have been criticized for

Accepted Answer

A)  underestimating the potential influence of biological factors on personality development. 
B)  underestimating the extent to which people differ from one another. 
C)  overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. 
D)  underestimating the value of factor analysis for identifying clusters of related traits. 
A)  underestimating the potential influence of biological factors on personality development. 
B)  underestimating the extent to which people differ from one another. 
C)  overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. 
D)  underestimating the value of factor analysis for identifying clusters of related traits.

Question 4

Which instrument has been used for counseling and work-team development to help identify individuals' personality types?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire 
B)  the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 
C)  the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator 
D)  the Person-Situation Questionnaire 
A)  the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire 
B)  the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 
C)  the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator 
D)  the Person-Situation Questionnaire

Question 5

Brad is reading through his friend's social media posts and notices that the posts seem to provide hints at his friend's personality.He's correct! Thus far,research has found that all of the following can be displayed in written communication except

Accepted Answer

A)  level of extraversion. 
B)  level of agreeableness. 
C)  level of self-esteem. 
D)  level of openness. 
A)  level of extraversion. 
B)  level of agreeableness. 
C)  level of self-esteem. 
D)  level of openness.

Question 6

Who were the two pioneering theorists associated with humanistic psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud and B.F.Skinner 
B)  B.F.Skinner and Carl Rogers 
C)  Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers 
D)  Abraham Maslow and Sigmund Freud 
A)  Sigmund Freud and B.F.Skinner 
B)  B.F.Skinner and Carl Rogers 
C)  Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers 
D)  Abraham Maslow and Sigmund Freud

Question 7

Compared with personality differences among humans,personality differences among dogs are ________ evident and ________ consistently judged by researchers.

Accepted Answer

A)  more;less 
B)  less;more 
C)  more;more 
D)  just as;just as 
A)  more;less 
B)  less;more 
C)  more;more 
D)  just as;just as

Question 8

Amanda is consistently optimistic,talkative,and impulsive.Each of these characteristics most clearly represents

Accepted Answer

A)  a conscious motive. 
B)  the need for self-esteem. 
C)  a peak experience. 
D)  a trait. 
A)  a conscious motive. 
B)  the need for self-esteem. 
C)  a peak experience. 
D)  a trait.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an empirically derived test. 
B)  It can be administered and scored only by a trained psychologist. 
C)  It is the most widely used projective test. 
D)  It was designed to assess the personality traits of normal,psychologically healthy individuals. 
A)  It is an empirically derived test. 
B)  It can be administered and scored only by a trained psychologist. 
C)  It is the most widely used projective test. 
D)  It was designed to assess the personality traits of normal,psychologically healthy individuals.

Question 10

The "Big Five" trait dimensions are

Accepted Answer

A)  introverted/neurotic,extraverted/neurotic,introverted/stable,extraverted/stable,and openness. 
B)  introversion,extraversion,neuroticism,stability,and reciprocal. 
C)  neuroticism,extraversion,openness to experience,agreeableness,and conscientiousness. 
D)  extraversion/introversion,reciprocal,openness,stability,and neuroticism. 
A)  introverted/neurotic,extraverted/neurotic,introverted/stable,extraverted/stable,and openness. 
B)  introversion,extraversion,neuroticism,stability,and reciprocal. 
C)  neuroticism,extraversion,openness to experience,agreeableness,and conscientiousness. 
D)  extraversion/introversion,reciprocal,openness,stability,and neuroticism.

Question 11

One reason that Western cultures prize extraversion over introversion is that

Accepted Answer

A)  extraverts tend to earn more money. 
B)  extraverts seek low levels of stimulation. 
C)  they do not fear being evaluated negatively. 
D)  attractive,successful people are presumed to be extraverts. 
A)  extraverts tend to earn more money. 
B)  extraverts seek low levels of stimulation. 
C)  they do not fear being evaluated negatively. 
D)  attractive,successful people are presumed to be extraverts.

Question 12

Which basic trait is associated with a tendency to seek low levels of environmental stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  narcissism 
B)  introversion 
C)  agreeableness 
D)  conscientiousness 
A)  narcissism 
B)  introversion 
C)  agreeableness 
D)  conscientiousness

Question 13

Dr.Smith is a humanistic psychologist who believes that standardized assessments of personality are depersonalizing.She is most likely to use which of the following to understand the person's unique experiences.

Accepted Answer

A)  interviews 
B)  intimate conversations 
C)  both interviews and intimate conversations 
D)  neither interviews nor intimate conversations 
A)  interviews 
B)  intimate conversations 
C)  both interviews and intimate conversations 
D)  neither interviews nor intimate conversations

Question 14

Self-actualized people,as described by Maslow,are especially likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  demonstrate a reactive temperament. 
B)  be open and spontaneous. 
C)  avoid political disagreements. 
D)  enjoy many unusually close friendships. 
A)  demonstrate a reactive temperament. 
B)  be open and spontaneous. 
C)  avoid political disagreements. 
D)  enjoy many unusually close friendships.

Question 15

A person who is helpful and trusting most clearly ranks high on the Big Five trait dimension known as

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion. 
B)  openness. 
C)  agreeableness. 
D)  conscientiousness. 
A)  extraversion. 
B)  openness. 
C)  agreeableness. 
D)  conscientiousness.

Question 16

Lamont has frequently been rebellious,inconsiderate,and self-centered,yet the pastor of his local church has always accepted and respected him.The pastor's attitude toward Lamont is most explicitly recommended by

Accepted Answer

A)  Hans and Sybil Eysenck. 
B)  Carl Rogers. 
C)  Isabel Briggs Myers. 
D)  Walter Mischel. 
A)  Hans and Sybil Eysenck. 
B)  Carl Rogers. 
C)  Isabel Briggs Myers. 
D)  Walter Mischel.

Question 17

According to Maslow,the desire for identity,meaning,and purpose beyond the self refers to the motive for

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualization. 
B)  individualism. 
C)  self-transcendence. 
D)  unconditional positive regard. 
A)  self-actualization. 
B)  individualism. 
C)  self-transcendence. 
D)  unconditional positive regard.

Question 18

A behavior trait refers to a pattern of behavior that is

Accepted Answer

A)  unconsciously motivated. 
B)  difficult to observe. 
C)  stable over time. 
D)  unlearned. 
A)  unconsciously motivated. 
B)  difficult to observe. 
C)  stable over time. 
D)  unlearned.

Question 19

Which of the following is a basic personality factor assessed by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire?

Accepted Answer

A)  thinking-feeling 
B)  real self-ideal self 
C)  extraversion-introversion 
D)  sensation-intuition 
A)  thinking-feeling 
B)  real self-ideal self 
C)  extraversion-introversion 
D)  sensation-intuition

Question 20

An interest in describing and classifying the many ways in which individuals may differ from one another is most characteristic of ________ theories.

Accepted Answer

A)  social-cognitive 
B)  trait 
C)  humanistic 
D)  psychodynamic 
A)  social-cognitive 
B)  trait 
C)  humanistic 
D)  psychodynamic

Exam 46: Contemporary Research on Personality

Which of the following statements would most likely appear on a lie scale?

Research on different brain regions and Big Five traits indicate that those who score high on conscientiousness

Trait theorists have been criticized for

Which instrument has been used for counseling and work-team development to help identify individuals' personality types?

Brad is reading through his friend's social media posts and notices that the posts seem to provide hints at his friend's personality.He's correct! Thus far,research has found that all of the following can be displayed in written communication except

Who were the two pioneering theorists associated with humanistic psychology?

Compared with personality differences among humans,personality differences among dogs are ________ evident and ________ consistently judged by researchers.

Amanda is consistently optimistic,talkative,and impulsive.Each of these characteristics most clearly represents

Which of the following is true of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?

The "Big Five" trait dimensions are

One reason that Western cultures prize extraversion over introversion is that

Which basic trait is associated with a tendency to seek low levels of environmental stimulation?

Dr.Smith is a humanistic psychologist who believes that standardized assessments of personality are depersonalizing.She is most likely to use which of the following to understand the person's unique experiences.

Self-actualized people,as described by Maslow,are especially likely to

A person who is helpful and trusting most clearly ranks high on the Big Five trait dimension known as

Lamont has frequently been rebellious,inconsiderate,and self-centered,yet the pastor of his local church has always accepted and respected him.The pastor's attitude toward Lamont is most explicitly recommended by

According to Maslow,the desire for identity,meaning,and purpose beyond the self refers to the motive for

A behavior trait refers to a pattern of behavior that is

Which of the following is a basic personality factor assessed by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire?

An interest in describing and classifying the many ways in which individuals may differ from one another is most characteristic of ________ theories.

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Hearing

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Coping With Stress

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

Filters

Compared with personality differences among humans,personality differences among dogs are evident and consistently judged by researchers.