Question 1

The ________ explores how people's assumptions and expectations influence their perceptions.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological perspective 
B)  social-cognitive perspective 
C)  behavioral perspective 
D)  linkage analysis model 
A)  biological perspective 
B)  social-cognitive perspective 
C)  behavioral perspective 
D)  linkage analysis model

Question 2

The brain of a person who suffers from depression tends to have low levels of

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate. 
B)  GABA. 
C)  electrical activity. 
D)  serotonin. 
A)  glutamate. 
B)  GABA. 
C)  electrical activity. 
D)  serotonin.

Question 3

After several weeks of feeling apathetic and dissatisfied with his life,Mark has suddenly become extremely cheerful and so talkative he can't be interrupted.He seems to need less sleep and becomes irritated when his friends tell him to slow down.Mark's behavior is indicative of

Accepted Answer

A)  major depressive disorder. 
B)  persistent depressive disorder. 
C)  bipolar disorder. 
D)  learned helplessness. 
A)  major depressive disorder. 
B)  persistent depressive disorder. 
C)  bipolar disorder. 
D)  learned helplessness.

Question 4

Failures are most likely to lead to depression if they are explained in terms that are

Accepted Answer

A)  internal,temporary,and specific. 
B)  external,temporary,and global. 
C)  internal,stable,and global. 
D)  external,stable,and specific. 
A)  internal,temporary,and specific. 
B)  external,temporary,and global. 
C)  internal,stable,and global. 
D)  external,stable,and specific.

Question 5

A seasonal pattern of symptoms is most likely to be a characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)  learned helplessness. 
B)  a negative explanatory style. 
C)  a depressive disorder. 
D)  rumination. 
A)  learned helplessness. 
B)  a negative explanatory style. 
C)  a depressive disorder. 
D)  rumination.

Question 6

Inanna suffers from chronic depression.According to the social-cognitive perspective,how is she most likely to respond when told that she performed very poorly on a test she took the previous day?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I'm academically incompetent and always will be." 
B)  "Yesterday was just my unlucky day." 
C)  "I suspect that none of the students in my class did well on that test." 
D)  "Hardly any of the professors are effective teachers." 
A)  "I'm academically incompetent and always will be." 
B)  "Yesterday was just my unlucky day." 
C)  "I suspect that none of the students in my class did well on that test." 
D)  "Hardly any of the professors are effective teachers."

Question 7

When Tory's boyfriend tells her that he is going to Las Vegas with his friends for a week,she immediately begins to think about her ex-husband's affair in Las Vegas.She also recalled all the times her ex-husband deceived her,and so she became depressed and angry about her boyfriend's trip to Las Vegas.Tory's recollections illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)  state-dependent memory. 
B)  rumination. 
C)  a pessimistic explanatory style. 
D)  learned helplessness. 
A)  state-dependent memory. 
B)  rumination. 
C)  a pessimistic explanatory style. 
D)  learned helplessness.

Question 8

Elaine feels that her life is empty,has lost all interest in her career and hobbies,and wonders if she would be better off dead.She is most likely suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)  bipolar disorder. 
B)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  mania. 
A)  bipolar disorder. 
B)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  mania.

Question 9

Several years ago,Darius was treated successfully for major depressive disorder.Today,after his successful treatment,he is likely to show an increased level of activity in his brain's

Accepted Answer

A)  right frontal lobe. 
B)  left frontal lobe. 
C)  white matter. 
D)  ventricles. 
A)  right frontal lobe. 
B)  left frontal lobe. 
C)  white matter. 
D)  ventricles.

Question 10

Which of the following perspectives highlights how people's negative assumptions and explanatory style are related to depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  social-cognitive perspective 
B)  behavioral perspective 
C)  biological perspective 
D)  conditioning perspective 
A)  social-cognitive perspective 
B)  behavioral perspective 
C)  biological perspective 
D)  conditioning perspective

Question 11

Changes in the DSM-5 will likely reduce the number of children and adolescents diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

A)  mania. 
B)  persistent depressive disorder. 
C)  bipolar disorder. 
D)  major depressive disorder. 
A)  mania. 
B)  persistent depressive disorder. 
C)  bipolar disorder. 
D)  major depressive disorder.

Question 12

Which of the following countries has NOT reported an increase in depression rates with recent generations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Canada 
B)  United States 
C)  Japan 
D)  Italy 
A)  Canada 
B)  United States 
C)  Japan 
D)  Italy

Question 13

During which two periods during the life span are females at an increased risk for developing depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  preadolescence and early adulthood 
B)  adolescence and menopause 
C)  early adulthood and pregnancy 
D)  late adulthood and pregnancy 
A)  preadolescence and early adulthood 
B)  adolescence and menopause 
C)  early adulthood and pregnancy 
D)  late adulthood and pregnancy

Question 14

About two-thirds of suicide fatalities in the United States occur by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  guns. 
B)  ropes. 
C)  drug overdoses. 
D)  knives or other sharp objects. 
A)  guns. 
B)  ropes. 
C)  drug overdoses. 
D)  knives or other sharp objects.

Question 15

In people with major depressive disorder,interest in activities is ________ and agitation may be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced;reduced 
B)  increased;increased 
C)  reduced;increased 
D)  increased;reduced 
A)  reduced;reduced 
B)  increased;increased 
C)  reduced;increased 
D)  increased;reduced

Question 16

As Vince is driving to work he gets pulled over by a police officer.He thinks to himself,"Of course! Bad things always happen to me." This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  state-dependent memory. 
B)  a negative explanatory style. 
C)  learned helplessness. 
D)  rumination. 
A)  state-dependent memory. 
B)  a negative explanatory style. 
C)  learned helplessness. 
D)  rumination.

Question 17

The heritability of bipolar disorder has been estimated to be ________ than the heritability of major depressive disorder and ________ than the heritability of generalized anxiety disorder.

Accepted Answer

A)  less;greater 
B)  greater;less 
C)  less;less 
D)  greater;greater 
A)  less;greater 
B)  greater;less 
C)  less;less 
D)  greater;greater

Question 18

Angie is suffering from major depressive disorder.Compared with people who are not depressed,Angie may experience which one of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  a heightened ability to think,concentrate,and make decisions 
B)  manic episodes,characterized by euphoria,high energy,and grandiose ideas 
C)  a tendency to have frequent or unexpected panic attacks 
D)  repetitive thinking of death or suicide 
A)  a heightened ability to think,concentrate,and make decisions 
B)  manic episodes,characterized by euphoria,high energy,and grandiose ideas 
C)  a tendency to have frequent or unexpected panic attacks 
D)  repetitive thinking of death or suicide

Question 19

People who suffer chronic depression are at high risk for experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  unrealistic optimism. 
B)  reduced self-awareness. 
C)  excessive levels of norepinephrine. 
D)  social rejection. 
A)  unrealistic optimism. 
B)  reduced self-awareness. 
C)  excessive levels of norepinephrine. 
D)  social rejection.

Question 20

Samantha believes that she will never be good enough for her parents,no matter what she does.This is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  self-defeating belief. 
B)  negative explanatory style. 
C)  learned helplessness. 
D)  rumination. 
A)  self-defeating belief. 
B)  negative explanatory style. 
C)  learned helplessness. 
D)  rumination.

Exam 50: Mood Disorders

The ________ explores how people's assumptions and expectations influence their perceptions.

The brain of a person who suffers from depression tends to have low levels of

After several weeks of feeling apathetic and dissatisfied with his life,Mark has suddenly become extremely cheerful and so talkative he can't be interrupted.He seems to need less sleep and becomes irritated when his friends tell him to slow down.Mark's behavior is indicative of

Failures are most likely to lead to depression if they are explained in terms that are

A seasonal pattern of symptoms is most likely to be a characteristic of

Inanna suffers from chronic depression.According to the social-cognitive perspective,how is she most likely to respond when told that she performed very poorly on a test she took the previous day?

Elaine feels that her life is empty,has lost all interest in her career and hobbies,and wonders if she would be better off dead.She is most likely suffering from

Several years ago,Darius was treated successfully for major depressive disorder.Today,after his successful treatment,he is likely to show an increased level of activity in his brain's

Which of the following perspectives highlights how people's negative assumptions and explanatory style are related to depression?

Changes in the DSM-5 will likely reduce the number of children and adolescents diagnosed with

Which of the following countries has NOT reported an increase in depression rates with recent generations?

During which two periods during the life span are females at an increased risk for developing depression?

About two-thirds of suicide fatalities in the United States occur by means of

In people with major depressive disorder,interest in activities is ________ and agitation may be ________.

As Vince is driving to work he gets pulled over by a police officer.He thinks to himself,"Of course! Bad things always happen to me." This is an example of

The heritability of bipolar disorder has been estimated to be ________ than the heritability of major depressive disorder and ________ than the heritability of generalized anxiety disorder.

Angie is suffering from major depressive disorder.Compared with people who are not depressed,Angie may experience which one of the following symptoms?

People who suffer chronic depression are at high risk for experiencing

Samantha believes that she will never be good enough for her parents,no matter what she does.This is an example of a

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Hearing

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Coping With Stress

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective

Contemporary Research on Personality

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

Filters

In people with major depressive disorder,interest in activities is and agitation may be .

The heritability of bipolar disorder has been estimated to be than the heritability of major depressive disorder and than the heritability of generalized anxiety disorder.