Question 1

The incidence of major depressive disorder is greatest among those

Accepted Answer

A)  raised together with a nontwin sibling who suffers the disorder. 
B)  raised apart from a fraternal twin who suffers the disorder. 
C)  raised together with a fraternal twin who suffers the disorder. 
D)  raised apart from an identical twin who suffers the disorder. 
A)  raised together with a nontwin sibling who suffers the disorder. 
B)  raised apart from a fraternal twin who suffers the disorder. 
C)  raised together with a fraternal twin who suffers the disorder. 
D)  raised apart from an identical twin who suffers the disorder.

Question 2

Which perspective suggests that explaining our own failures in terms that are global,stable,and internal contributes to depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  linkage analysis 
B)  biological 
C)  conditioning 
D)  social-cognitive 
A)  linkage analysis 
B)  biological 
C)  conditioning 
D)  social-cognitive

Question 3

Abnormally low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  mania. 
B)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. 
C)  depression. 
D)  bipolar disorder. 
A)  mania. 
B)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. 
C)  depression. 
D)  bipolar disorder.

Question 4

During an argument,Adele told her sister that she hated her.Even after her sister told her that she did not take it seriously and to forget about it,Adele continued to worry about it,which interfered with her job and family responsibilities.Adele's worry illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  rumination. 
B)  learned helplessness. 
C)  linkage analysis. 
D)  explanatory style. 
A)  rumination. 
B)  learned helplessness. 
C)  linkage analysis. 
D)  explanatory style.

Question 5

The social-cognitive perspective has emphasized that depression is perpetuated by

Accepted Answer

A)  underactivity of the frontal lobe. 
B)  self-blaming attributions. 
C)  a dysfunctional hippocampus. 
D)  epigenetics. 
A)  underactivity of the frontal lobe. 
B)  self-blaming attributions. 
C)  a dysfunctional hippocampus. 
D)  epigenetics.

Question 6

Over the last three months,Regina's feelings of despondency have intensified for no apparent reason.Although her friends have tried to be encouraging and supportive,Regina says that she feels worthless and completely detached from people,and she has even thought about killing herself.Regina's symptoms would suggest that she is probably suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)  mania. 
B)  persistent depressive disorder. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. 
A)  mania. 
B)  persistent depressive disorder. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.

Question 7

Severely depressed individuals are especially likely to show reduced brain activity in the

Accepted Answer

A)  right frontal lobe. 
B)  left frontal lobe. 
C)  white matter. 
D)  ventricles. 
A)  right frontal lobe. 
B)  left frontal lobe. 
C)  white matter. 
D)  ventricles.

Question 8

Mania is most likely to be experienced by those suffering

Accepted Answer

A)  major depressive disorder. 
B)  bipolar disorder. 
C)  learned helplessness. 
D)  persistent depressive disorder. 
A)  major depressive disorder. 
B)  bipolar disorder. 
C)  learned helplessness. 
D)  persistent depressive disorder.

Question 9

Stressful events interpreted with a negative explanatory style can encourage dampened mood states that lead to behavioral withdrawal and subsequent social rejection by others.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  bipolar disorder. 
B)  learned helplessness. 
C)  depression's vicious cycle. 
D)  rumination. 
A)  bipolar disorder. 
B)  learned helplessness. 
C)  depression's vicious cycle. 
D)  rumination.

Question 10

Thirteen-year-old Jason has mood swings in which he alternates between depression and uncontrollable behavior,often interrupting class and acting aggressively toward his classmates.According to the DSM-5,Jason would be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

A)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. 
B)  major depressive disorder. 
C)  persistent mood disorder. 
D)  mania. 
A)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. 
B)  major depressive disorder. 
C)  persistent mood disorder. 
D)  mania.

Question 11

One difficulty with a purely attributional explanation of depression is that negative attributions

Accepted Answer

A)  are more characteristic of men than of women. 
B)  may be a consequence rather than a cause of depression. 
C)  do not coincide with actual episodes of depression. 
D)  are more clearly associated with mania than with depression. 
A)  are more characteristic of men than of women. 
B)  may be a consequence rather than a cause of depression. 
C)  do not coincide with actual episodes of depression. 
D)  are more clearly associated with mania than with depression.

Question 12

Which perspective has emphasized the impact of learned helplessness on depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural 
B)  biological 
C)  social-cognitive 
D)  explanatory styles 
A)  cultural 
B)  biological 
C)  social-cognitive 
D)  explanatory styles

Question 13

Major depressive disorder is said to occur when signs of depression last at least

Accepted Answer

A)  one week. 
B)  two weeks. 
C)  two months. 
D)  four months. 
A)  one week. 
B)  two weeks. 
C)  two months. 
D)  four months.

Question 14

After reaching puberty,girls become more vulnerable to developing all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  eating disorders. 
B)  anxiety. 
C)  self-injury. 
D)  depression. 
A)  eating disorders. 
B)  anxiety. 
C)  self-injury. 
D)  depression.

Question 15

Yu Fin attributes her poor grade on her term paper to a lack of intelligence,and so sees herself as a failure.These attributions are stable,global,and internal.It is likely that Yu Fin

Accepted Answer

A)  believes specific circumstances caused her poor grade. 
B)  suffers from learned helplessness. 
C)  has a pessimistic explanatory style. 
D)  has undergone linkage analysis. 
A)  believes specific circumstances caused her poor grade. 
B)  suffers from learned helplessness. 
C)  has a pessimistic explanatory style. 
D)  has undergone linkage analysis.

Question 16

Linkage analysis is of greatest interest to those who attempt to explain depressive disorders and bipolar disorder from a(n)________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  learned helplessness 
B)  biological 
C)  social-cognitive 
D)  explanatory style 
A)  learned helplessness 
B)  biological 
C)  social-cognitive 
D)  explanatory style

Question 17

Steven has experienced a mildly depressed mood more often than not for the past two years.In order for him to be diagnosed with dysthymia he must also display a minimum of two additional symptoms.Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Accepted Answer

A)  difficulty with decision making and concentration 
B)  feeling hopeless 
C)  poor self-esteem 
D)  increased energy levels 
A)  difficulty with decision making and concentration 
B)  feeling hopeless 
C)  poor self-esteem 
D)  increased energy levels

Question 18

Amanda's therapist suggests that her depression results from mistakenly blaming herself rather than a slumping economy for her recent job loss.Her therapist's suggestion best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  learned helplessness. 
B)  linkage analysis. 
C)  the learning perspective. 
D)  the social-cognitive perspective. 
A)  learned helplessness. 
B)  linkage analysis. 
C)  the learning perspective. 
D)  the social-cognitive perspective.

Question 19

According to Martin Seligman,the rise of Western individualism appears most clearly responsible for an increase in

Accepted Answer

A)  depression. 
B)  mania. 
C)  bipolar disorder. 
D)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. 
A)  depression. 
B)  mania. 
C)  bipolar disorder. 
D)  disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.

Question 20

Elmer,the owner of an auto service station,suddenly began smashing the front fenders and hoods of two customers' cars.When asked why,he excitedly explained that he was transforming the cars into "real racing machines." When an employee tried to restrain him,he shouted that everybody was fired and quickly began breaking the car windows.Elmer is exhibiting symptoms of

Accepted Answer

A)  dysthmia. 
B)  persistent depressive disorder. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  mania. 
A)  dysthmia. 
B)  persistent depressive disorder. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  mania.

Exam 50: Mood Disorders

The incidence of major depressive disorder is greatest among those

Which perspective suggests that explaining our own failures in terms that are global,stable,and internal contributes to depression?

Abnormally low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin are associated with

During an argument,Adele told her sister that she hated her.Even after her sister told her that she did not take it seriously and to forget about it,Adele continued to worry about it,which interfered with her job and family responsibilities.Adele's worry illustrates

The social-cognitive perspective has emphasized that depression is perpetuated by

Severely depressed individuals are especially likely to show reduced brain activity in the

Mania is most likely to be experienced by those suffering

Stressful events interpreted with a negative explanatory style can encourage dampened mood states that lead to behavioral withdrawal and subsequent social rejection by others.This best illustrates

Thirteen-year-old Jason has mood swings in which he alternates between depression and uncontrollable behavior,often interrupting class and acting aggressively toward his classmates.According to the DSM-5,Jason would be diagnosed with

One difficulty with a purely attributional explanation of depression is that negative attributions

Which perspective has emphasized the impact of learned helplessness on depression?

Major depressive disorder is said to occur when signs of depression last at least

After reaching puberty,girls become more vulnerable to developing all of the following except

Yu Fin attributes her poor grade on her term paper to a lack of intelligence,and so sees herself as a failure.These attributions are stable,global,and internal.It is likely that Yu Fin

Linkage analysis is of greatest interest to those who attempt to explain depressive disorders and bipolar disorder from a(n)________ perspective.

Steven has experienced a mildly depressed mood more often than not for the past two years.In order for him to be diagnosed with dysthymia he must also display a minimum of two additional symptoms.Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Amanda's therapist suggests that her depression results from mistakenly blaming herself rather than a slumping economy for her recent job loss.Her therapist's suggestion best illustrates

According to Martin Seligman,the rise of Western individualism appears most clearly responsible for an increase in

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Hearing

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Coping With Stress

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective

Contemporary Research on Personality

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

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