Exam 4: The Process of Enculturation: Psychological and Cognitive Anthropology

What are some of the most important methods of enculturation used in your own society? Give an example of how your own personality has been affected by enculturation.

Are there differences between Eastern and Western societies with regard to the ways individuals perceive themselves relative to society? What is the evidence for your interpretation?

Research on the "childhood familiarity hypothesis" supports the notion that:

The central object of Mead's study, Coming of Age in Samoa (1928), was to determine whether or not:

The human capacity for culture is:

Humans cannot ignore or override their basic, inborn drives.

Melford Spiro's research was strongly influenced by the theories of Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung.

The process by which an individual learns how to behave within a particular society is known as:

The Egyptians, Hawaiians, and Incas practiced brother-sister marriages in the royal line for generations without any harmful, long-term genetic consequences.

Ruth Benedict characterized various Native American cultures as "Apollonian" or "Dionysian." Can these categories be used to classify other cultures (or subcultures) with which you are familiar? Discuss why or why not and illustrate your answer with specific examples.

Derek Freeman argued that Margaret Mead's research concerning adolescents in Samoa was flawed and led her to make erroneous conclusions.

The classification of foods into categories of kosher (edible) and traif (not edible) is an example of:

How are children in Japan raised differently from those in the United States? What effect, if any, does this have on the personality of individuals raised in Japan?

Anthropologists have discovered that children raised together in Israeli kibbutzim:

Studies have shown that Japanese children are encouraged during childhood to lose their sense of individuality in favor of group identity.

A parrot's ability to speak like a human is an example of a closed instinct.

According to the culture-and-personality theory, there is a correlation between personality and ethnicity.

The term berdache is used to refer to men in Native American societies who:

According to Mead, Samoan adolescents engaged freely in premarital sex.

Most anthropologists agree that humans do not have closed instincts.