Question 1

Which of the following might be interpreted as a modern example of the potlatch?

Accepted Answer

A)  A local politician gives away hundreds of frozen turkeys at a campaign rally. 
B)  A special interest group pays the salary and expenses of a lobbyist. 
C)  A former president makes speeches in favor of his party's new candidate. 
D)  Delegates at a national convention trade buttons and other campaign memorabilia. 
A)  A local politician gives away hundreds of frozen turkeys at a campaign rally. 
B)  A special interest group pays the salary and expenses of a lobbyist. 
C)  A former president makes speeches in favor of his party's new candidate. 
D)  Delegates at a national convention trade buttons and other campaign memorabilia.

Question 2

Food storage can directly affect political economy because:

Accepted Answer

A)  Accumulation of surplus within households results in differences in social status. 
B)  Storage reduces the need to be economically productive. 
C)  It is essential for the survival of foraging societies dependent upon unreliable resources. 
D)  Food was a principal commodity in long-distance exchange. 
A)  Accumulation of surplus within households results in differences in social status. 
B)  Storage reduces the need to be economically productive. 
C)  It is essential for the survival of foraging societies dependent upon unreliable resources. 
D)  Food was a principal commodity in long-distance exchange.

Question 3

According to anthropologist Robert Carneiro, the objective of many chiefs was to:

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the extent of their territory in order to control the surplus production of surrounding communities 
B)  maintain the peace with their neighbors in order to avoid armed conflict 
C)  become full-time religious leaders and use impressive rites and rituals to prove they were gods 
D)  disencumber themselves of material possessions and incur debts of personal obligations from their followers through potlatch-like ceremonies 
A)  increase the extent of their territory in order to control the surplus production of surrounding communities 
B)  maintain the peace with their neighbors in order to avoid armed conflict 
C)  become full-time religious leaders and use impressive rites and rituals to prove they were gods 
D)  disencumber themselves of material possessions and incur debts of personal obligations from their followers through potlatch-like ceremonies

Question 4

A hierarchical society is one in which:

Accepted Answer

A)  all individuals have an equal opportunity to achieve wealth and status 
B)  a town or village is ruled by a tribal council of elders or respected individuals 
C)  some individuals have access to more wealth, status, and power than others 
D)  political authority is expressed in pictographic symbols, called hieroglyphs 
A)  all individuals have an equal opportunity to achieve wealth and status 
B)  a town or village is ruled by a tribal council of elders or respected individuals 
C)  some individuals have access to more wealth, status, and power than others 
D)  political authority is expressed in pictographic symbols, called hieroglyphs

Question 5

In order for chiefdoms to exist, natural resources had to be abundant, usually more so than resources in areas inhabited by band or tribal societies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Anthropologists refer to a society as a chiefdom on the basis of whether or not its members refer to one person as their chief.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Compare and contrast the theories presented by Elman Service and Timothy Earle on the evolution of chiefdoms. What are the key points on which Earle differs? Given your understanding of chiefdoms, which theory do you prefer and why?

Accepted Answer

Elman Service and Timothy Earle both pre

Question 8

How did the practices of reciprocity and redistribution differ in chiefdoms from the way they functioned in bands and tribes? Why do you think these differences exist? What factors affected the way exchanges took place?

Accepted Answer

In chiefdoms, the practices of reciproci

Question 9

How and why did chiefdoms come into existence? That is, how did economic inequality and social stratification arise from egalitarian foraging and tribal societies? What factors may have been involved in this evolution or change?

Accepted Answer

Chiefdoms came into existence as a resul

Question 10

According to the Hawaiians themselves, the chiefs of ancient Hawaii were given the right to rule because they:

Accepted Answer

A)  intimidated their subjects through military force and human sacrifice 
B)  were able to amass enormous wealth and redistribute it strategically 
C)  played key roles in trade and exchange networks between islands 
D)  were critical to the maintenance of moral and sacred order 
A)  intimidated their subjects through military force and human sacrifice 
B)  were able to amass enormous wealth and redistribute it strategically 
C)  played key roles in trade and exchange networks between islands 
D)  were critical to the maintenance of moral and sacred order

Question 11

A hierarchical society is one in which some individuals have access to more wealth, authority, rank, status, and power than other individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Adjudication of legal disputes in chiefdom societies was not a major responsibility of the chief.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Most chiefdom societies:

Accepted Answer

A)  occupied areas that were rich in natural resources and conducive to producing a surplus 
B)  were located in marginal lands that demanded intensive irrigation and plow agriculture 
C)  were based on intensive foraging, supplemented by occasional hunting and fishing 
D)  relied on herd animals as the basis of their subsistence economy 
E)  were composed of two or more hunting-gathering bands that were integrated by strong patrilineal kin ties 
A)  occupied areas that were rich in natural resources and conducive to producing a surplus 
B)  were located in marginal lands that demanded intensive irrigation and plow agriculture 
C)  were based on intensive foraging, supplemented by occasional hunting and fishing 
D)  relied on herd animals as the basis of their subsistence economy 
E)  were composed of two or more hunting-gathering bands that were integrated by strong patrilineal kin ties

Question 14

Explain why many traditional Polynesian societies are characterized as chiefdoms and not tribes or bands.

Accepted Answer

Many traditional Polynesian societies ar

Question 15

The kula, described by Malinowski in Argonauts of the Pacific, refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  a type of outrigger canoe used for long-distance travel by island chiefs 
B)  a ceremonial dance performed by the indigenous Hawaiians 
C)  a ritual in which red shell necklaces were traded for white armbands 
D)  a sacred beverage whose use was restricted to Tahitian chiefs 
A)  a type of outrigger canoe used for long-distance travel by island chiefs 
B)  a ceremonial dance performed by the indigenous Hawaiians 
C)  a ritual in which red shell necklaces were traded for white armbands 
D)  a sacred beverage whose use was restricted to Tahitian chiefs

Question 16

Describe the social structure of chiefdoms. What were the specific social rankings and how were these determined?

Accepted Answer

Chiefdoms were a form of social organiza

Question 17

The term "chiefdom" causes much confusion outside of anthropology because the popular usage of the term "chief" means the leader of any stateless, non-Western society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The kula is an example of what type of exchange?

Accepted Answer

A)  redistribution 
B)  balanced reciprocity 
C)  hypergamy 
D)  market exchange 
E)  silent trade 
A)  redistribution 
B)  balanced reciprocity 
C)  hypergamy 
D)  market exchange 
E)  silent trade

Question 19

A number of factors have been implicated in the origin of chiefdom societies. Which of the following is not one of these factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  population growth 
B)  technological innovations 
C)  food storage 
D)  development of a complex writing system for record keeping 
A)  population growth 
B)  technological innovations 
C)  food storage 
D)  development of a complex writing system for record keeping

Question 20

The settling of legal disputes by a centralized authority is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  human sacrifice 
B)  ideology 
C)  totalitarianism 
D)  adjudication 
A)  human sacrifice 
B)  ideology 
C)  totalitarianism 
D)  adjudication

Which of the following might be interpreted as a modern example of the potlatch?

Food storage can directly affect political economy because:

According to anthropologist Robert Carneiro, the objective of many chiefs was to:

A hierarchical society is one in which:

In order for chiefdoms to exist, natural resources had to be abundant, usually more so than resources in areas inhabited by band or tribal societies.

Anthropologists refer to a society as a chiefdom on the basis of whether or not its members refer to one person as their chief.

Compare and contrast the theories presented by Elman Service and Timothy Earle on the evolution of chiefdoms. What are the key points on which Earle differs? Given your understanding of chiefdoms, which theory do you prefer and why?

How did the practices of reciprocity and redistribution differ in chiefdoms from the way they functioned in bands and tribes? Why do you think these differences exist? What factors affected the way exchanges took place?

How and why did chiefdoms come into existence? That is, how did economic inequality and social stratification arise from egalitarian foraging and tribal societies? What factors may have been involved in this evolution or change?

According to the Hawaiians themselves, the chiefs of ancient Hawaii were given the right to rule because they:

A hierarchical society is one in which some individuals have access to more wealth, authority, rank, status, and power than other individuals.

Adjudication of legal disputes in chiefdom societies was not a major responsibility of the chief.

Most chiefdom societies:

Explain why many traditional Polynesian societies are characterized as chiefdoms and not tribes or bands.

The kula, described by Malinowski in Argonauts of the Pacific, refers to:

Describe the social structure of chiefdoms. What were the specific social rankings and how were these determined?

The term "chiefdom" causes much confusion outside of anthropology because the popular usage of the term "chief" means the leader of any stateless, non-Western society.

The kula is an example of what type of exchange?

A number of factors have been implicated in the origin of chiefdom societies. Which of the following is not one of these factors?

The settling of legal disputes by a centralized authority is known as:

Introduction to Anthropology

Human Evolution

Culture

The Process of Enculturation: Psychological and Cognitive Anthropology

Language

Anthropological Explanations

Analyzing Sociocultural Systems

Band Societies

Tribes

Agricultural States

Industrial States

Globalization, Culture, and Indigenous Societies

Globalization in Latin America, africa, and the Caribbean

Globalization in the Middle East and Asia

Race and Ethnicity

Contemporary Global Trends

Applied Anthropology

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Exam 10: Chiefdoms

Which of the following might be interpreted as a modern example of the potlatch?

Food storage can directly affect political economy because:

According to anthropologist Robert Carneiro, the objective of many chiefs was to:

A hierarchical society is one in which:

In order for chiefdoms to exist, natural resources had to be abundant, usually more so than resources in areas inhabited by band or tribal societies.

Anthropologists refer to a society as a chiefdom on the basis of whether or not its members refer to one person as their chief.

Compare and contrast the theories presented by Elman Service and Timothy Earle on the evolution of chiefdoms. What are the key points on which Earle differs? Given your understanding of chiefdoms, which theory do you prefer and why?

How did the practices of reciprocity and redistribution differ in chiefdoms from the way they functioned in bands and tribes? Why do you think these differences exist? What factors affected the way exchanges took place?

How and why did chiefdoms come into existence? That is, how did economic inequality and social stratification arise from egalitarian foraging and tribal societies? What factors may have been involved in this evolution or change?

According to the Hawaiians themselves, the chiefs of ancient Hawaii were given the right to rule because they:

A hierarchical society is one in which some individuals have access to more wealth, authority, rank, status, and power than other individuals.

Adjudication of legal disputes in chiefdom societies was not a major responsibility of the chief.

Most chiefdom societies:

Explain why many traditional Polynesian societies are characterized as chiefdoms and not tribes or bands.

The kula, described by Malinowski in Argonauts of the Pacific, refers to:

Describe the social structure of chiefdoms. What were the specific social rankings and how were these determined?

The term "chiefdom" causes much confusion outside of anthropology because the popular usage of the term "chief" means the leader of any stateless, non-Western society.

The kula is an example of what type of exchange?

A number of factors have been implicated in the origin of chiefdom societies. Which of the following is not one of these factors?

The settling of legal disputes by a centralized authority is known as:

Introduction to Anthropology

Human Evolution

Culture

The Process of Enculturation: Psychological and Cognitive Anthropology

Language

Anthropological Explanations

Analyzing Sociocultural Systems

Band Societies

Tribes

Agricultural States

Industrial States

Globalization, Culture, and Indigenous Societies

Globalization in Latin America, africa, and the Caribbean

Globalization in the Middle East and Asia

Race and Ethnicity

Contemporary Global Trends

Applied Anthropology

Filters