Exam 6: Articulatory and Phonological Disorders

The most frequently occurring communication disorders are disorders of articulation and phonology.

When naming her colors,Emily said 'gwee','bwo',and 'bwa' instead of 'green','brown' and 'black'. What two error types did she produce?

Children with Down's Syndrome often present with disorders of articulation and phonology.

Learning to read and write places extreme constraints on phonological development.

Speech intelligibility refers to

Therapy for articulation and phonological disorders are only offered in individual sessions.

Articulation and phonological disorders may be caused by

Articulation refers to

Research and clinical evidence suggests that therapy would be most efficacious if Emily's speech-language pathologist targets

Inconsistent speech sound errors suggest that Emily presents with

Phonological disorders may be characterized by severe limitations in the range of sounds produced.

Normative data on speech development reflect lists of ages at which consonants are expected to be produced correctly.

Stimulability refers to

Children with articulation and phonology disorders often present with reading disabilities.

Research suggests that developmental apraxia of speech DAS)has a genetic basis.

Emily's speech is very unintelligible.Her mother understands less than half of what she says,and her preschool teacher rarely understands her speech.Emily is 3 years old,so most of the errors she produces would be considered age appropriate according to normative data.Of the sounds expected of a child Emily's age,only one sound,/p/,is stimulable.Many of Emily's error productions are inconsistently produced.Emily passed the hearing screening,and the results of an examination of her oral mechanism and oral motor skills revealed normal structure and function.Emily's case history did not suggest the presence of an organic etiology resulting in the unintelligible speech.Emily is doing well in preschool but her mother is concerned about her speech.Which factors most likely prompted the decision to enroll Emily in speech therapy?

During the speech assessment,Emily sometimes said 'puck' instead of 'duck' and 'fum' instead of 'thumb'.The speech-language pathologist labeled these errors as

Phonology refers to

Speech-language pathologists may describe articulation and phonological disorders using terms such as repetitions,hesitations and prolongations.