Question 1

Glucagon is released from the pancreas in response to

Accepted Answer

A)  low blood glucose levels. 
B)  high blood glucose levels. 
C)  an increase in food intake. 
D)  stress. 
A)  low blood glucose levels. 
B)  high blood glucose levels. 
C)  an increase in food intake. 
D)  stress.

Question 2

Sucrose consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  fructose bound to glucose. 
B)  fructose bound to galactose. 
C)  glucose bound to glucose. 
D)  fructose bound to maltose. 
A)  fructose bound to glucose. 
B)  fructose bound to galactose. 
C)  glucose bound to glucose. 
D)  fructose bound to maltose.

Question 3

Insulin is able to reduce blood glucose levels because it

Accepted Answer

A)  promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood by muscle and adipose tissue. 
B)  promotes the storage of glucose as glycogen in the muscle and liver. 
C)  interacts with the insulin receptors of certain cells. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood by muscle and adipose tissue. 
B)  promotes the storage of glucose as glycogen in the muscle and liver. 
C)  interacts with the insulin receptors of certain cells. 
D)  All of the above

Question 4

Glycolysis is

Accepted Answer

A)  the pathway that combines two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules to form the 6-carbon glucose molecule. 
B)  the anabolic pathway used to derive energy form glucose. 
C)  the catabolic pathway used to derive energy from glucose. 
D)  an oxygen-requiring, aerobic pathway. 
A)  the pathway that combines two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules to form the 6-carbon glucose molecule. 
B)  the anabolic pathway used to derive energy form glucose. 
C)  the catabolic pathway used to derive energy from glucose. 
D)  an oxygen-requiring, aerobic pathway.

Question 5

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Accepted Answer

A)  are both associated with symptoms of fatigue, frequent urination, and excessive thirst. 
B)  are both associated with obesity. 
C)  are both associated with hypoglycemia. 
D)  None of the above 
A)  are both associated with symptoms of fatigue, frequent urination, and excessive thirst. 
B)  are both associated with obesity. 
C)  are both associated with hypoglycemia. 
D)  None of the above

Question 6

Lactose is found in a wide variety of foods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When comparing ingredients on food labels at a grocery store, take notice of added sugars in foods. Some common names for added sugars include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  corn syrup. 
B)  maltose. 
C)  dextrose. 
D)  high-fructose corn syrup. 
E)  fiber. 
A)  corn syrup. 
B)  maltose. 
C)  dextrose. 
D)  high-fructose corn syrup. 
E)  fiber.

Question 8

Starch and glycogen are similar molecules. The two molecules differ because

Accepted Answer

A)  starch molecules are made of long chains of glucose, whereas glycogen molecules are made of glucose and galactose. 
B)  starch molecules are branched, whereas glycogen molecules are linear. 
C)  starch molecules are made in plants, while glycogen molecules are made in animals. 
D)  starch molecules store glucose in plants, while glycogen molecules have little storage capacity. 
A)  starch molecules are made of long chains of glucose, whereas glycogen molecules are made of glucose and galactose. 
B)  starch molecules are branched, whereas glycogen molecules are linear. 
C)  starch molecules are made in plants, while glycogen molecules are made in animals. 
D)  starch molecules store glucose in plants, while glycogen molecules have little storage capacity.

Question 9

Ketones are produced by the gluconeogenesis pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Dietary fiber is classified as a complex carbohydrate because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is an energy storage molecule much like starch and glycogen. 
B)  it consists of a group of plant polysaccharides. 
C)  it is not digestible by human enzymes. 
D)  it uses the same types of chemical bonds as are found in starch. 
A)  it is an energy storage molecule much like starch and glycogen. 
B)  it consists of a group of plant polysaccharides. 
C)  it is not digestible by human enzymes. 
D)  it uses the same types of chemical bonds as are found in starch.

Question 11

Alternative sweeteners that are produced naturally in plants include sugar alcohols and

Accepted Answer

A)  aspartame. 
B)  saccharin. 
C)  sucralose. 
D)  stevia. 
A)  aspartame. 
B)  saccharin. 
C)  sucralose. 
D)  stevia.

Question 12

Insulin is released from the pancreas in response to

Accepted Answer

A)  low blood glucose levels. 
B)  high blood glucose levels. 
C)  a reduction in food intake. 
D)  stress. 
A)  low blood glucose levels. 
B)  high blood glucose levels. 
C)  a reduction in food intake. 
D)  stress.

Question 13

The glycemic index is a rating system that

Accepted Answer

A)  allows one to compare the glycemic response elicited by different foods. 
B)  is based on comparing the glycemic response of a certain food to a standard response based on 300 g of glucose. 
C)  takes normal portion sizes of foods into account. 
D)  is based on subjective information about how a person feels after consuming a certain food. 
A)  allows one to compare the glycemic response elicited by different foods. 
B)  is based on comparing the glycemic response of a certain food to a standard response based on 300 g of glucose. 
C)  takes normal portion sizes of foods into account. 
D)  is based on subjective information about how a person feels after consuming a certain food.

Question 14

Symptoms of lactose intolerance include gas, bloating, and cramping. These symptoms are attributable to

Accepted Answer

A)  an immune response to lactose in the intestine. 
B)  bacterial metabolism of lactose in the large intestine. 
C)  inflammation of the intestines due to the presence of lactose. 
A)  an immune response to lactose in the intestine. 
B)  bacterial metabolism of lactose in the large intestine. 
C)  inflammation of the intestines due to the presence of lactose.

Question 15

Type 1 diabetes

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when the pancreas is no longer able to produce insulin. 
B)  is characterized by hypoglycemia. 
C)  typically develops during middle age. 
D)  is highly associated with obesity. 
A)  occurs when the pancreas is no longer able to produce insulin. 
B)  is characterized by hypoglycemia. 
C)  typically develops during middle age. 
D)  is highly associated with obesity.

Question 16

Constipation is a risk factor for diverticular disease or diverticulosis. _____ can increase fecal mass and therefore can prevent or alleviate constipation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dietary fiber 
B)  Starch 
C)  Simple carbohydrates 
D)  Bacteria present in the large intestine 
A)  Dietary fiber 
B)  Starch 
C)  Simple carbohydrates 
D)  Bacteria present in the large intestine

Question 17

The change in blood glucose following ingestion of food is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the glycemic response to that food. 
B)  the glycemic index of that food. 
C)  the glycemic load of that food. 
D)  the glucose rating of that food. 
A)  the glycemic response to that food. 
B)  the glycemic index of that food. 
C)  the glycemic load of that food. 
D)  the glucose rating of that food.

Question 18

Gluconeogenesis

Accepted Answer

A)  is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, mainly amino acids. 
B)  converts fat into glucose. 
C)  provides a short-term solution to low blood glucose levels. 
D)  supplies glucose to the blood in response to insulin. 
A)  is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, mainly amino acids. 
B)  converts fat into glucose. 
C)  provides a short-term solution to low blood glucose levels. 
D)  supplies glucose to the blood in response to insulin.

Question 19

Dietary fiber is least abundant in fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain foods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Artificial sweeteners are typically hundreds of times sweeter than table sugar, but do not contribute calorically to a food item.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Glucagon is released from the pancreas in response to

Sucrose consists of

Insulin is able to reduce blood glucose levels because it

Glycolysis is

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Lactose is found in a wide variety of foods.

When comparing ingredients on food labels at a grocery store, take notice of added sugars in foods. Some common names for added sugars include all of the following except:

Starch and glycogen are similar molecules. The two molecules differ because

Ketones are produced by the gluconeogenesis pathway.

Dietary fiber is classified as a complex carbohydrate because

Alternative sweeteners that are produced naturally in plants include sugar alcohols and

Insulin is released from the pancreas in response to

The glycemic index is a rating system that

Symptoms of lactose intolerance include gas, bloating, and cramping. These symptoms are attributable to

Type 1 diabetes

Constipation is a risk factor for diverticular disease or diverticulosis. _____ can increase fecal mass and therefore can prevent or alleviate constipation.

The change in blood glucose following ingestion of food is called

Gluconeogenesis

Dietary fiber is least abundant in fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain foods.

Artificial sweeteners are typically hundreds of times sweeter than table sugar, but do not contribute calorically to a food item.

Why Does Nutrition Matter

Choosing Foods Wisely

Body Basics

Protein

Lipids

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Energy Balance and Body Weight Regulation

Life Cycle Nutrition

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Disordered Eating

Alcohol, Health, and Disease

Keeping Food Safe

Food Security, Hunger, and Malnutrition

Filters

Exam 4: Carbohydrates

Glucagon is released from the pancreas in response to

Sucrose consists of

Insulin is able to reduce blood glucose levels because it

Glycolysis is

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Lactose is found in a wide variety of foods.

When comparing ingredients on food labels at a grocery store, take notice of added sugars in foods. Some common names for added sugars include all of the following except:

Starch and glycogen are similar molecules. The two molecules differ because

Ketones are produced by the gluconeogenesis pathway.

Dietary fiber is classified as a complex carbohydrate because

Alternative sweeteners that are produced naturally in plants include sugar alcohols and

Insulin is released from the pancreas in response to

The glycemic index is a rating system that

Symptoms of lactose intolerance include gas, bloating, and cramping. These symptoms are attributable to

Type 1 diabetes

Constipation is a risk factor for diverticular disease or diverticulosis. _____ can increase fecal mass and therefore can prevent or alleviate constipation.

The change in blood glucose following ingestion of food is called

Gluconeogenesis

Dietary fiber is least abundant in fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain foods.

Artificial sweeteners are typically hundreds of times sweeter than table sugar, but do not contribute calorically to a food item.

Why Does Nutrition Matter

Choosing Foods Wisely

Body Basics

Protein

Lipids

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Energy Balance and Body Weight Regulation

Life Cycle Nutrition

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Disordered Eating

Alcohol, Health, and Disease

Keeping Food Safe

Food Security, Hunger, and Malnutrition

Filters