Question 1

Bile is secreted by the

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  small intestine. 
D)  gallbladder. 
A)  pancreas. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  small intestine. 
D)  gallbladder. D

Question 2

Catabolic pathways are metabolic pathways that

Accepted Answer

A)  release energy from the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules. 
B)  use energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. 
C)  generate waste products for excretion. 
A)  release energy from the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules. 
B)  use energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. 
C)  generate waste products for excretion. A

Question 3

Gallstones can interfere with the normal flow of bile and can cause a great deal of pain. Removing the gallbladder is one method to treat gallstones. What potential problem might arise if the gallbladder is removed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Absorption of fat-soluble nutrients could be impaired. 
B)  Absorption of water-soluble nutrients could be impaired. 
C)  Release of pancreatic secretions into the duodenum could be impaired. 
D)  The duodenum could be damaged. 
A)  Absorption of fat-soluble nutrients could be impaired. 
B)  Absorption of water-soluble nutrients could be impaired. 
C)  Release of pancreatic secretions into the duodenum could be impaired. 
D)  The duodenum could be damaged. A

Question 4

The cephalic phase of digestion describes a response that

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulates of the muscles in the GI tract. 
B)  triggers the release of substances that facilitate chemical breakdown of food. 
C)  can be initiated by the thought, smell, or sight of food. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  stimulates of the muscles in the GI tract. 
B)  triggers the release of substances that facilitate chemical breakdown of food. 
C)  can be initiated by the thought, smell, or sight of food. 
D)  All of the above

Question 5

The mass of food that the tongue pushes to the pharynx in the first phase of swallowing is called

Accepted Answer

A)  a bolus. 
B)  a moistened mass. 
C)  a digestion end product. 
D)  chyme. 
A)  a bolus. 
B)  a moistened mass. 
C)  a digestion end product. 
D)  chyme.

Question 6

The pyloric sphincter allows

Accepted Answer

A)  food to enter the stomach. 
B)  food to leave the stomach. 
C)  food to enter the large intestine. 
D)  food to leave the duodenum. 
A)  food to enter the stomach. 
B)  food to leave the stomach. 
C)  food to enter the large intestine. 
D)  food to leave the duodenum.

Question 7

The four different types of tissue contained in the human body include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  epithelial. 
B)  neural. 
C)  connective. 
D)  globular. 
A)  epithelial. 
B)  neural. 
C)  connective. 
D)  globular.

Question 8

Bacteria present in the large intestine

Accepted Answer

A)  are called the intestinal pathogenic load. 
B)  are a sign of illness. 
C)  help to maintain a healthy environment in the colon. 
D)  consist of large population of a single species of bacteria. 
A)  are called the intestinal pathogenic load. 
B)  are a sign of illness. 
C)  help to maintain a healthy environment in the colon. 
D)  consist of large population of a single species of bacteria.

Question 9

Water-soluble nutrients are absorbed into the lymph while fat-soluble nutrients are absorbed into the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Homeostasis is maintained through the coordination of the nervous system and the endocrine system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The esophagus is a muscular tube that

Accepted Answer

A)  produces digestive enzymes. 
B)  is the site of some nutrient absorption. 
C)  transports a bolus of food from the mouth to the stomach. 
D)  is joined to the stomach by the pyloric sphincter. 
A)  produces digestive enzymes. 
B)  is the site of some nutrient absorption. 
C)  transports a bolus of food from the mouth to the stomach. 
D)  is joined to the stomach by the pyloric sphincter.

Question 12

The characteristic folds of the lining of the small intestine allow for increased surface area to promote absorption. Another aspect of the intestinal lining that increases surface area is the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)  villi. 
B)  microvilli. 
C)  cilia. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  A and B 
A)  villi. 
B)  microvilli. 
C)  cilia. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  A and B

Question 13

The colon is the site of absorption of

Accepted Answer

A)  prebiotics. 
B)  probiotics. 
C)  water and electrolytes. 
D)  undigested matter. 
A)  prebiotics. 
B)  probiotics. 
C)  water and electrolytes. 
D)  undigested matter.

Question 14

Which of the following lists best describes the levels of organization in the body, from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atoms, molecules, macromolecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems 
B)  Molecules, atoms, macromolecules, tissues, cells, organs, organ systems 
C)  Organ systems, organs, tissues, cells, macromolecules, molecules, ions 
D)  Ions, macromolecules, tissues, organ systems, organs 
A)  Atoms, molecules, macromolecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems 
B)  Molecules, atoms, macromolecules, tissues, cells, organs, organ systems 
C)  Organ systems, organs, tissues, cells, macromolecules, molecules, ions 
D)  Ions, macromolecules, tissues, organ systems, organs

Question 15

Osmosis is the movement of a substance across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Nutrient absorption takes place in the epithelial cells that line the outer surface of villi. Nutrients are transferred from the cells to the blood or the lymphatic circulation via

Accepted Answer

A)  capillaries and lacteals contained in each large fold of the intestinal lining. 
B)  capillaries and lacteals contained in each villus. 
C)  capillaries and lacteal contained in each microvillus. 
A)  capillaries and lacteals contained in each large fold of the intestinal lining. 
B)  capillaries and lacteals contained in each villus. 
C)  capillaries and lacteal contained in each microvillus.

Question 17

Anabolic pathways are metabolic pathways that

Accepted Answer

A)  release energy from the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules. 
B)  use energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. 
C)  generate waste products for excretion.
PAGE 106
PAGE 105 
A)  release energy from the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules. 
B)  use energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. 
C)  generate waste products for excretion.
PAGE 106
PAGE 105

Question 18

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be a painful condition causing a burning sensation in the chest. It is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  a failure of the gastroesophageal sphincter to close completely. 
B)  a failure of the gastroesophageal sphincter to open completely. 
C)  a failure of the pyloric sphincter to close completely. 
D)  poor peristalsis in the esophagus. 
A)  a failure of the gastroesophageal sphincter to close completely. 
B)  a failure of the gastroesophageal sphincter to open completely. 
C)  a failure of the pyloric sphincter to close completely. 
D)  poor peristalsis in the esophagus.

Question 19

In contrast to diarrhea, constipation

Accepted Answer

A)  results from reduced extraction of water from feces in the colon. 
B)  results from quicker transit time through the colon. 
C)  results in watery feces. 
D)  results in hard, dry fecal matter, making elimination difficult. 
A)  results from reduced extraction of water from feces in the colon. 
B)  results from quicker transit time through the colon. 
C)  results in watery feces. 
D)  results in hard, dry fecal matter, making elimination difficult.

Question 20

The sole function of saliva in digestion is to moisten food so that it is easier to swallow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Bile is secreted by the

Catabolic pathways are metabolic pathways that

Gallstones can interfere with the normal flow of bile and can cause a great deal of pain. Removing the gallbladder is one method to treat gallstones. What potential problem might arise if the gallbladder is removed?

The cephalic phase of digestion describes a response that

The mass of food that the tongue pushes to the pharynx in the first phase of swallowing is called

The pyloric sphincter allows

The four different types of tissue contained in the human body include all of the following except:

Bacteria present in the large intestine

Water-soluble nutrients are absorbed into the lymph while fat-soluble nutrients are absorbed into the blood.

Homeostasis is maintained through the coordination of the nervous system and the endocrine system.

The esophagus is a muscular tube that

The characteristic folds of the lining of the small intestine allow for increased surface area to promote absorption. Another aspect of the intestinal lining that increases surface area is the presence of

The colon is the site of absorption of

Which of the following lists best describes the levels of organization in the body, from smallest to largest?

Osmosis is the movement of a substance across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Nutrient absorption takes place in the epithelial cells that line the outer surface of villi. Nutrients are transferred from the cells to the blood or the lymphatic circulation via

Anabolic pathways are metabolic pathways that

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be a painful condition causing a burning sensation in the chest. It is caused by

In contrast to diarrhea, constipation

The sole function of saliva in digestion is to moisten food so that it is easier to swallow.

Why Does Nutrition Matter

Choosing Foods Wisely

Carbohydrates

Protein

Lipids

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Energy Balance and Body Weight Regulation

Life Cycle Nutrition

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Disordered Eating

Alcohol, Health, and Disease

Keeping Food Safe

Food Security, Hunger, and Malnutrition

Filters

Exam 3: Body Basics

Bile is secreted by the

Catabolic pathways are metabolic pathways that

Gallstones can interfere with the normal flow of bile and can cause a great deal of pain. Removing the gallbladder is one method to treat gallstones. What potential problem might arise if the gallbladder is removed?

The cephalic phase of digestion describes a response that

The mass of food that the tongue pushes to the pharynx in the first phase of swallowing is called

The pyloric sphincter allows

The four different types of tissue contained in the human body include all of the following except:

Bacteria present in the large intestine

Water-soluble nutrients are absorbed into the lymph while fat-soluble nutrients are absorbed into the blood.

Homeostasis is maintained through the coordination of the nervous system and the endocrine system.

The esophagus is a muscular tube that

The characteristic folds of the lining of the small intestine allow for increased surface area to promote absorption. Another aspect of the intestinal lining that increases surface area is the presence of

The colon is the site of absorption of

Which of the following lists best describes the levels of organization in the body, from smallest to largest?

Osmosis is the movement of a substance across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Nutrient absorption takes place in the epithelial cells that line the outer surface of villi. Nutrients are transferred from the cells to the blood or the lymphatic circulation via

Anabolic pathways are metabolic pathways that

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be a painful condition causing a burning sensation in the chest. It is caused by

In contrast to diarrhea, constipation

The sole function of saliva in digestion is to moisten food so that it is easier to swallow.

Why Does Nutrition Matter

Choosing Foods Wisely

Carbohydrates

Protein

Lipids

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Energy Balance and Body Weight Regulation

Life Cycle Nutrition

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Disordered Eating

Alcohol, Health, and Disease

Keeping Food Safe

Food Security, Hunger, and Malnutrition

Filters