Question 1

Legal realists:

Accepted Answer

A)  thought judicial decisions reflected principles found in nature. 
B)  felt judges used careful logic to arrive at a single correct decision in a particular case. 
C)  believed judges constructed the law through their interpretations of evidence and precedent. 
D)  showed little interest in applying social science research to the legal system. 
A)  thought judicial decisions reflected principles found in nature. 
B)  felt judges used careful logic to arrive at a single correct decision in a particular case. 
C)  believed judges constructed the law through their interpretations of evidence and precedent. 
D)  showed little interest in applying social science research to the legal system.

Question 2

During the trial, each side is trying to win the case. However, the goal of the legal system overall is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  achieve justice. 
B)  achieve peace. 
C)  obtain compensation for all parties. 
D)  not be hampered by fairness. 
A)  achieve justice. 
B)  achieve peace. 
C)  obtain compensation for all parties. 
D)  not be hampered by fairness.

Question 3

A psychologist testifying in court feels it is his responsibility to correctly and clearly present scientific findings, even if this may lead to an unfair verdict by the jury. According to Saks (1990), such an expert fulfills the role of:

Accepted Answer

A)  conduit-educator. 
B)  philosopher-advocate. 
C)  hired gun. 
D)  con artist. 
A)  conduit-educator. 
B)  philosopher-advocate. 
C)  hired gun. 
D)  con artist.

Question 4

The _____ approach treats laws as a tool that needs to be regularly reexamined and adjusted, whereas _____ treats laws as evolved to reflect the principles found in nature.

Accepted Answer

A)  legal objectivism; environmental law 
B)  environmental law; legal objectivism 
C)  legal realism; "natural law". 
D)  "natural law"; legal realism 
A)  legal objectivism; environmental law 
B)  environmental law; legal objectivism 
C)  legal realism; "natural law". 
D)  "natural law"; legal realism

Question 5

According to the text, the goal of psychology is to ____, whereas the goal of the legal system is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  emphasize the characteristics of groups; emphasize individual cases 
B)  emphasize individual cases; emphasize the characteristics of groups 
C)  apply abstract principles; understand the general nature of humans 
D)  develop legal protocol; generalize details of a case 
A)  emphasize the characteristics of groups; emphasize individual cases 
B)  emphasize individual cases; emphasize the characteristics of groups 
C)  apply abstract principles; understand the general nature of humans 
D)  develop legal protocol; generalize details of a case

Question 6

According to the text, the term gatekeeper refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  securing the courtroom. 
B)  the sorting of various briefs for the purpose of finding relevant precedents. 
C)  the establishment of the tiers of fact. 
D)  the assessment of scientific validity of testimony before allowing it in trial. 
A)  securing the courtroom. 
B)  the sorting of various briefs for the purpose of finding relevant precedents. 
C)  the establishment of the tiers of fact. 
D)  the assessment of scientific validity of testimony before allowing it in trial.

Question 7

_____ can be described as an effort to figure out how the world works, whereas _____ provides a system for meting out just desserts.

Accepted Answer

A)  Law; science 
B)  Science; legislature 
C)  Legislature; law 
D)  Science; law 
A)  Law; science 
B)  Science; legislature 
C)  Legislature; law 
D)  Science; law

Question 8

Trial consultants may be hired to perform the following duties:

Accepted Answer

A)  preparing witnesses and shaping trial strategy. 
B)  citing law and writing abbreviated briefs. 
C)  performing psychological evaluations and risk assessment 
D)  conducting research and advocating for reform 
A)  preparing witnesses and shaping trial strategy. 
B)  citing law and writing abbreviated briefs. 
C)  performing psychological evaluations and risk assessment 
D)  conducting research and advocating for reform

Question 9

Sam is a cognitive psychologist. What aspect of the legal process might he provide assistance with to the court?

Accepted Answer

A)  Determining the general fairness of the legal system. 
B)  Advising at what age children are fully cognizant of their actions within the law. 
C)  Evaluating the defendant's competence to stand trial. 
D)  Clarifying whether jurors understand the instructions for deliberating a verdict. 
A)  Determining the general fairness of the legal system. 
B)  Advising at what age children are fully cognizant of their actions within the law. 
C)  Evaluating the defendant's competence to stand trial. 
D)  Clarifying whether jurors understand the instructions for deliberating a verdict.

Question 10

Isabella is advocating for a change in the way domestic violence victims are treated by police and the courts. This is an example of the following role played by psychologists in the legal system:

Accepted Answer

A)  advisor 
B)  evaluator 
C)  reformer 
D)  clinician 
A)  advisor 
B)  evaluator 
C)  reformer 
D)  clinician

Exam 1: Section 2: Psychology and Law: a Cautious Alliance

Legal realists:

During the trial, each side is trying to win the case. However, the goal of the legal system overall is to:

A psychologist testifying in court feels it is his responsibility to correctly and clearly present scientific findings, even if this may lead to an unfair verdict by the jury. According to Saks (1990), such an expert fulfills the role of:

The _____ approach treats laws as a tool that needs to be regularly reexamined and adjusted, whereas _____ treats laws as evolved to reflect the principles found in nature.

According to the text, the goal of psychology is to ____, whereas the goal of the legal system is to _____.

According to the text, the term gatekeeper refers to:

_____ can be described as an effort to figure out how the world works, whereas _____ provides a system for meting out just desserts.

Trial consultants may be hired to perform the following duties:

Sam is a cognitive psychologist. What aspect of the legal process might he provide assistance with to the court?

Isabella is advocating for a change in the way domestic violence victims are treated by police and the courts. This is an example of the following role played by psychologists in the legal system:

Section 1: Psychology and Law: a Cautious Alliance

Section 3: Psychology and Law: a Cautious Alliance

Section 1: Interrogations and Confessions

Section 2: Interrogations and Confessions

Section 3: Interrogations and Confessions

Section 1: Lie Detection

Section 2: Lie Detection

Section 3: Lie Detection

Section 1: The Psychology of Forensic Identification: Dna, Fingerprints, and Physical Trace Evidence

Section 2: The Psychology of Forensic Identification: Dna, Fingerprints, and Physical Trace Evidence

Section 3: The Psychology of Forensic Identification: Dna, Fingerprints, and Physical Trace Evidence

Section 1: Criminal Profiling and Psychological Autopsies

Section 2: Criminal Profiling and Psychological Autopsies

Section 3: Criminal Profiling and Psychological Autopsies

Section 1: Child Sexual Abuse: Interviewing Children and the Recovered Memories of Adults

Section 2: Child Sexual Abuse: Interviewing Children and the Recovered Memories of Adults

Section 3: Child Sexual Abuse: Interviewing Children and the Recovered Memories of Adults

Section 1: Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Section 2: Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Section 3: Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Section 1: Competency to Stand Trial

Section 2: Competency to Stand Trial

Section 3: Competency to Stand Trial

Section 1: Jury Selection and Trial Procedure

Section 2: Jury Selection and Trial Procedure

Section 3: Jury Selection and Trial Procedure

Section 1: The Insanity Defense

Section 2: The Insanity Defense

Section 3: The Insanity Defense

Section 1: Battered Woman Syndrome, Rape Trauma Syndrome, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Section 2: Battered Woman Syndrome, Rape Trauma Syndrome, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Section 3: Battered Woman Syndrome, Rape Trauma Syndrome, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Section 1: Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Section 2: Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Section 3 Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Section 1: Child Custody Disputes

Section 2: Child Custody Disputes

Section 3: Child Custody Disputes

Section 1: Workplace Law: Harassment, Discrimination, and Fairness

Section 2: Workplace Law: Harassment, Discrimination, and Fairness

Section 3: Workplace Law: Harassment, Discrimination, and Fairness

Section 1: Predicting Violent Behavior: the Psychology of Risk Assessment

Section 2: Predicting Violent Behavior: the Psychology of Risk Assessment

Section 3: Predicting Violent Behavior: the Psychology of Risk Assessment

Section 1: Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Section 2: Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Section 3: Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Section 1: The Death Penalty

Section 2: The Death Penalty

Section 3: The Death Penalty

Filters

The _ approach treats laws as a tool that needs to be regularly reexamined and adjusted, whereas _ treats laws as evolved to reflect the principles found in nature.

According to the text, the goal of psychology is to , whereas the goal of the legal system is to _.

_ can be described as an effort to figure out how the world works, whereas _ provides a system for meting out just desserts.