Question 1

According to the summary "Neuroscience in the Courtroom," recent advances in neuroscience have:

Accepted Answer

A)  improved the reliability of expert witnesses. 
B)  increased cohesiveness of jury decision making. 
C)  made brain scans an accepted piece of evidence in trials. 
D)  raised important questions about free will and personal responsibility. 
A)  improved the reliability of expert witnesses. 
B)  increased cohesiveness of jury decision making. 
C)  made brain scans an accepted piece of evidence in trials. 
D)  raised important questions about free will and personal responsibility. D

Question 2

In consideration of scientific testimony, gatekeeping in the legal sense includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  determining court session protocol and procedures. 
B)  assessing the scientific validity of potential testimony. 
C)  counseling juries on the value of scientific evidence. 
D)  providing instructions to the jurors before they start deliberation. 
A)  determining court session protocol and procedures. 
B)  assessing the scientific validity of potential testimony. 
C)  counseling juries on the value of scientific evidence. 
D)  providing instructions to the jurors before they start deliberation. B

Question 3

The Daubert trilogy of cases impacts trial courts by:

Accepted Answer

A)  putting the burden of decisions about allowing expert testimony on trial judges. 
B)  demonstrating that judges understand social science research and methods. 
C)  making judges take statistics courses and regular refresher training. 
D)  proving scientific research is well understood by all key actors in the legal system. 
A)  putting the burden of decisions about allowing expert testimony on trial judges. 
B)  demonstrating that judges understand social science research and methods. 
C)  making judges take statistics courses and regular refresher training. 
D)  proving scientific research is well understood by all key actors in the legal system. A

Question 4

The way Daubert trilogy affected the legal system includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  judges are now more likely to exclude expert testimony, even if it's scientifically sound. 
B)  lawyers often "shop around" for an expert who would support their side. 
C)  superior courts are more likely to question trial judges' decisions about allowing expert testimony. 
D)  experts are virtually never prosecuted for perjury if they provided biased and scientifically incompetent testimony. 
A)  judges are now more likely to exclude expert testimony, even if it's scientifically sound. 
B)  lawyers often "shop around" for an expert who would support their side. 
C)  superior courts are more likely to question trial judges' decisions about allowing expert testimony. 
D)  experts are virtually never prosecuted for perjury if they provided biased and scientifically incompetent testimony.

Question 5

The knowledge and skills of social psychologists might be relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating which custody arrangement will most benefit the child's development. 
A)  When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating which custody arrangement will most benefit the child's development.

Question 6

According to the textbook, when writing amicus curiae briefs, it may be hard for psychologists to balance the goals of:

Accepted Answer

A)  science translation and advocacy. 
B)  authoritativeness and leniency. 
C)  speculation and deliberation. 
D)  reflectivity and action orientation. 
A)  science translation and advocacy. 
B)  authoritativeness and leniency. 
C)  speculation and deliberation. 
D)  reflectivity and action orientation.

Question 7

For a reasonable evaluation of scientific validity of potential expert testimony, one needs to have sufficient understanding of:

Accepted Answer

A)  court proceedings. 
B)  jury instructions. 
C)  research methods. 
D)  legal terminology. 
A)  court proceedings. 
B)  jury instructions. 
C)  research methods. 
D)  legal terminology.

Question 8

The knowledge and skills of clinical psychologists might be relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  When selecting jurors potentially sympathetic to the defendant. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating the state of mind of a teenager who brought guns to school. 
A)  When selecting jurors potentially sympathetic to the defendant. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating the state of mind of a teenager who brought guns to school.

Question 9

The primary goal of psychological science is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  provide guidelines for behavior. 
B)  regulate human behavior. 
C)  demonstrate how punishment works. 
D)  provide accurate explanations of human behavior. 
A)  provide guidelines for behavior. 
B)  regulate human behavior. 
C)  demonstrate how punishment works. 
D)  provide accurate explanations of human behavior.

Question 10

Roles that psychologists may play in the legal system include the following:

Accepted Answer

A)  auxiliary judges. 
B)  gatekeepers. 
C)  reformers. 
D)  parapsychologists. 
A)  auxiliary judges. 
B)  gatekeepers. 
C)  reformers. 
D)  parapsychologists.

Question 11

Ricardo is conducting research on the effects of solitary confinement on mental health. This is an example of the following role played by a psychologist in the legal system:

Accepted Answer

A)  advisor 
B)  evaluator 
C)  reformer 
D)  clinician 
A)  advisor 
B)  evaluator 
C)  reformer 
D)  clinician

Question 12

The roles of psychologists and their influence in the legal system created which positive changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Judges now tend to be well-informed about the recent advances in psychological research. 
B)  Judges are now more likely to accept expert testimony from psychologists as truth. 
C)  Judges have to articulate more clearly what their decisions are based on. 
D)  Judges often defer to the jury regarding whether the experts should be allowed to testify. 
A)  Judges now tend to be well-informed about the recent advances in psychological research. 
B)  Judges are now more likely to accept expert testimony from psychologists as truth. 
C)  Judges have to articulate more clearly what their decisions are based on. 
D)  Judges often defer to the jury regarding whether the experts should be allowed to testify.

Question 13

The knowledge and skills of developmental psychologists might be relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating the state of mind of a teenager who brought guns to school. 
A)  When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating the state of mind of a teenager who brought guns to school.

Question 14

Studies evaluating the effectiveness of the D.A.R.E. program found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the program is highly effective in reducing both drug use and delinquency. 
B)  the program is effective in reducing drug use but increases delinquency. 
C)  the program is not effective in reducing drug use. 
D)  the program is only effective in reducing delinquency. 
A)  the program is highly effective in reducing both drug use and delinquency. 
B)  the program is effective in reducing drug use but increases delinquency. 
C)  the program is not effective in reducing drug use. 
D)  the program is only effective in reducing delinquency.

Question 15

Sylvester is hired by the defense to help select jurors who would be less likely to convict. This is an example of the following role played by psychologists in the legal system:

Accepted Answer

A)  advisor 
B)  evaluator 
C)  reformer 
D)  clinician 
A)  advisor 
B)  evaluator 
C)  reformer 
D)  clinician

Question 16

Precedents can best be described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  legal cases that have established a rule that are then used to decide future cases with similar issues. 
B)  past decisions dictating all future cases, regardless of the "goodness-of-fit." 
C)  reviews of facts in a case that occurred in a similar jurisdiction. 
D)  rulings on the matters that were raised by the same parties that are participating as plaintiff and defendant in the current case. 
A)  legal cases that have established a rule that are then used to decide future cases with similar issues. 
B)  past decisions dictating all future cases, regardless of the "goodness-of-fit." 
C)  reviews of facts in a case that occurred in a similar jurisdiction. 
D)  rulings on the matters that were raised by the same parties that are participating as plaintiff and defendant in the current case.

Question 17

Amicus curiae briefs:

Accepted Answer

A)  help experts testifying in court get their point across. 
B)  provide a way to influence the court when expert testimony is not allowed. 
C)  summarize the questions raised by the jury during deliberation of a verdict. 
D)  reflect scientists' lack of interest in the legal system. 
A)  help experts testifying in court get their point across. 
B)  provide a way to influence the court when expert testimony is not allowed. 
C)  summarize the questions raised by the jury during deliberation of a verdict. 
D)  reflect scientists' lack of interest in the legal system.

Question 18

Differences in goals, methods, and styles of inquiry made the relationship between psychology and law:

Accepted Answer

A)  natural and harmonious. 
B)  difficult but important. 
C)  impossible to forge. 
D)  successful in every way. 
A)  natural and harmonious. 
B)  difficult but important. 
C)  impossible to forge. 
D)  successful in every way.

Question 19

Brandeis's brief in Muller v Oregon (1908) was a milestone in the development of the psychology and law union because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  relied on expert testimony from professional psychologists. 
B)  expanded graduate training for psychologists. 
C)  mandated the use of research training for judges. 
D)  opened the door for U.S. courts to use social scientific evidence. 
A)  relied on expert testimony from professional psychologists. 
B)  expanded graduate training for psychologists. 
C)  mandated the use of research training for judges. 
D)  opened the door for U.S. courts to use social scientific evidence.

Question 20

The basis of the adversarial system in law is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the prosecution depends on the adverse nature of the case. 
B)  truth will emerge as a result of contest between opposing sides. 
C)  the defense depends on eyewitness testimony only. 
D)  the truth always prevails. 
A)  the prosecution depends on the adverse nature of the case. 
B)  truth will emerge as a result of contest between opposing sides. 
C)  the defense depends on eyewitness testimony only. 
D)  the truth always prevails.

Exam 1: Section 2: Psychology and Law: a Cautious Alliance

According to the summary "Neuroscience in the Courtroom," recent advances in neuroscience have:

In consideration of scientific testimony, gatekeeping in the legal sense includes:

The Daubert trilogy of cases impacts trial courts by:

The way Daubert trilogy affected the legal system includes all of the following EXCEPT:

The knowledge and skills of social psychologists might be relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

According to the textbook, when writing amicus curiae briefs, it may be hard for psychologists to balance the goals of:

For a reasonable evaluation of scientific validity of potential expert testimony, one needs to have sufficient understanding of:

The knowledge and skills of clinical psychologists might be relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

The primary goal of psychological science is to:

Roles that psychologists may play in the legal system include the following:

Ricardo is conducting research on the effects of solitary confinement on mental health. This is an example of the following role played by a psychologist in the legal system:

The roles of psychologists and their influence in the legal system created which positive changes?

The knowledge and skills of developmental psychologists might be relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Studies evaluating the effectiveness of the D.A.R.E. program found that:

Sylvester is hired by the defense to help select jurors who would be less likely to convict. This is an example of the following role played by psychologists in the legal system:

Precedents can best be described as:

Amicus curiae briefs:

Differences in goals, methods, and styles of inquiry made the relationship between psychology and law:

Brandeis's brief in Muller v Oregon (1908) was a milestone in the development of the psychology and law union because it:

The basis of the adversarial system in law is that:

Section 1: Psychology and Law: a Cautious Alliance

Section 3: Psychology and Law: a Cautious Alliance

Section 1: Interrogations and Confessions

Section 2: Interrogations and Confessions

Section 3: Interrogations and Confessions

Section 1: Lie Detection

Section 2: Lie Detection

Section 3: Lie Detection

Section 1: The Psychology of Forensic Identification: Dna, Fingerprints, and Physical Trace Evidence

Section 2: The Psychology of Forensic Identification: Dna, Fingerprints, and Physical Trace Evidence

Section 3: The Psychology of Forensic Identification: Dna, Fingerprints, and Physical Trace Evidence

Section 1: Criminal Profiling and Psychological Autopsies

Section 2: Criminal Profiling and Psychological Autopsies

Section 3: Criminal Profiling and Psychological Autopsies

Section 1: Child Sexual Abuse: Interviewing Children and the Recovered Memories of Adults

Section 2: Child Sexual Abuse: Interviewing Children and the Recovered Memories of Adults

Section 3: Child Sexual Abuse: Interviewing Children and the Recovered Memories of Adults

Section 1: Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Section 2: Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Section 3: Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Section 1: Competency to Stand Trial

Section 2: Competency to Stand Trial

Section 3: Competency to Stand Trial

Section 1: Jury Selection and Trial Procedure

Section 2: Jury Selection and Trial Procedure

Section 3: Jury Selection and Trial Procedure

Section 1: The Insanity Defense

Section 2: The Insanity Defense

Section 3: The Insanity Defense

Section 1: Battered Woman Syndrome, Rape Trauma Syndrome, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Section 2: Battered Woman Syndrome, Rape Trauma Syndrome, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Section 3: Battered Woman Syndrome, Rape Trauma Syndrome, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Section 1: Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Section 2: Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Section 3 Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Section 1: Child Custody Disputes

Section 2: Child Custody Disputes

Section 3: Child Custody Disputes

Section 1: Workplace Law: Harassment, Discrimination, and Fairness

Section 2: Workplace Law: Harassment, Discrimination, and Fairness

Section 3: Workplace Law: Harassment, Discrimination, and Fairness

Section 1: Predicting Violent Behavior: the Psychology of Risk Assessment

Section 2: Predicting Violent Behavior: the Psychology of Risk Assessment

Section 3: Predicting Violent Behavior: the Psychology of Risk Assessment

Section 1: Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Section 2: Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Section 3: Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Section 1: The Death Penalty

Section 2: The Death Penalty

Section 3: The Death Penalty

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