Question 1

Scientists who use the behavioral ecology approach believe that primate behaviors have evolved through the operation of natural selection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to proponents of behavioral ecology,

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals act to enhance the survival of their species 
B)  infanticide is beneficial for the social group 
C)  individuals consciously behave in ways that ensure their fitness 
D)  behaviors have evolved through the operation of natural selection 
E)  Individuals choose certain environments based upon the likelihood of carrying out aggressive behavior 
A)  individuals act to enhance the survival of their species 
B)  infanticide is beneficial for the social group 
C)  individuals consciously behave in ways that ensure their fitness 
D)  behaviors have evolved through the operation of natural selection 
E)  Individuals choose certain environments based upon the likelihood of carrying out aggressive behavior

Question 3

Monkeys raised without mothers in captivity

Accepted Answer

A)  were able to form lasting affectional ties 
B)  displayed completely normal parenting behaviors as adults 
C)  displayed normal sexual behavior 
D)  did not know how to care for infants 
E)  were socially normal as adults, provided they received adequate nourishment 
A)  were able to form lasting affectional ties 
B)  displayed completely normal parenting behaviors as adults 
C)  displayed normal sexual behavior 
D)  did not know how to care for infants 
E)  were socially normal as adults, provided they received adequate nourishment

Question 4

Grooming accomplishes all except

Accepted Answer

A)  plays an important role in the day-to-day life of nonhuman primates 
B)  is an affiliative behavior 
C)  occurs in a variety of contexts 
D)  reinforces social relationships 
E)  empathy 
A)  plays an important role in the day-to-day life of nonhuman primates 
B)  is an affiliative behavior 
C)  occurs in a variety of contexts 
D)  reinforces social relationships 
E)  empathy

Question 5

In many primate species, ________ have/has a central role in reinforcing social relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)  play 
B)  coalition formation 
C)  dominance hierarchies 
D)  food-sharing 
E)  grooming 
A)  play 
B)  coalition formation 
C)  dominance hierarchies 
D)  food-sharing 
E)  grooming

Question 6

Cultural behavior

Accepted Answer

A)  has never been observed in nonhuman primates 
B)  is learned 
C)  is purely genetic 
D)  has only been observed in chimpanzees 
E)  has only been observed in bonobos 
A)  has never been observed in nonhuman primates 
B)  is learned 
C)  is purely genetic 
D)  has only been observed in chimpanzees 
E)  has only been observed in bonobos

Question 7

Cultural behaviors observed in wild chimpanzees include the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  stone-tool production 
B)  the use of "leaf sponges" 
C)  "termite fishing" 
D)  Twigs used as toothpicks 
E)  language 
A)  stone-tool production 
B)  the use of "leaf sponges" 
C)  "termite fishing" 
D)  Twigs used as toothpicks 
E)  language

Question 8

What does K-selection refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  species that produce large numbers of offspring and invest little to no parental care 
B)  species that become extinct after a few generations 
C)  species that produce relatively few offspring but invest a large amount of parental care 
D)  only egg-laying species 
E)  all species except primates 
A)  species that produce large numbers of offspring and invest little to no parental care 
B)  species that become extinct after a few generations 
C)  species that produce relatively few offspring but invest a large amount of parental care 
D)  only egg-laying species 
E)  all species except primates

Question 9

List and discuss four factors that affect the social structure of a given species.

Accepted Answer

1. Genetic factors: The genetic makeup o

Question 10

What altruistic behaviors have been observed in nonhuman primates?

Accepted Answer

Altruistic behaviors are actions that be

Question 11

Primate behavior is best viewed as being

Accepted Answer

A)  influenced by environmental factors 
B)  entirely genetic in origin 
C)  independent of environmental factors 
D)  entirely learned and without any genetic basis 
E)  subject to very few factors 
A)  influenced by environmental factors 
B)  entirely genetic in origin 
C)  independent of environmental factors 
D)  entirely learned and without any genetic basis 
E)  subject to very few factors

Question 12

The modification of natural objects for use as tools has several implications for nonhuman primate intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Vervet monkey vocalizations

Accepted Answer

A)  are involuntary responses to external stimuli 
B)  are voluntary responses to external stimuli 
C)  refer solely to the emotional state of the individual 
D)  includes information about past and present events 
E)  are impossible to record and study 
A)  are involuntary responses to external stimuli 
B)  are voluntary responses to external stimuli 
C)  refer solely to the emotional state of the individual 
D)  includes information about past and present events 
E)  are impossible to record and study

Question 14

Infanticide by adult males

Accepted Answer

A)  is rare in primates 
B)  appears to serve no function 
C)  is performed as a means of population control 
D)  is not resisted by females, including the mother 
E)  has been reported for a number of primate species 
A)  is rare in primates 
B)  appears to serve no function 
C)  is performed as a means of population control 
D)  is not resisted by females, including the mother 
E)  has been reported for a number of primate species

Question 15

It has been proposed that male Hanuman langurs that commit infanticide are actually reducing their own reproductive success.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Ecological factors influencing primate social behavior include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the distribution of food and water, predators, and nutritional value of foods 
B)  levels of testosterone among predators 
C)  Ancestry of primates 
D)  Gene codes for behaviors 
E)  learning 
A)  the distribution of food and water, predators, and nutritional value of foods 
B)  levels of testosterone among predators 
C)  Ancestry of primates 
D)  Gene codes for behaviors 
E)  learning

Question 17

Male-female bonds, such as consortships, are advantageous to females because they gain protection from predators.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Permanent male-female bonds are

Accepted Answer

A)  common among nonhuman primates 
B)  not common among nonhuman primates 
C)  the basis of monogamous pairing typical of all nonhuman primate species 
D)  nonexistent in primates 
E)  known only in orangutans 
A)  common among nonhuman primates 
B)  not common among nonhuman primates 
C)  the basis of monogamous pairing typical of all nonhuman primate species 
D)  nonexistent in primates 
E)  known only in orangutans

Question 19

In Old World monkeys, the swelling and changes in the color of the skin surrounding the female's genital area

Accepted Answer

A)  is a sign of aggression 
B)  indicates a diseased state 
C)  is an indication of estrus 
D)  serves as a visual cue of a female's readiness to become aggressive 
E)  is also found in New World monkeys. 
A)  is a sign of aggression 
B)  indicates a diseased state 
C)  is an indication of estrus 
D)  serves as a visual cue of a female's readiness to become aggressive 
E)  is also found in New World monkeys.

Question 20

What is chest slapping by gorillas an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  reassurance gesture 
B)  submission 
C)  display 
D)  involuntary behavior 
E)  affiliative behavior 
A)  reassurance gesture 
B)  submission 
C)  display 
D)  involuntary behavior 
E)  affiliative behavior

Scientists who use the behavioral ecology approach believe that primate behaviors have evolved through the operation of natural selection.

According to proponents of behavioral ecology,

Monkeys raised without mothers in captivity

Grooming accomplishes all except

In many primate species, ________ have/has a central role in reinforcing social relationships.

Cultural behavior

Cultural behaviors observed in wild chimpanzees include the following except:

What does K-selection refer to?

List and discuss four factors that affect the social structure of a given species.

What altruistic behaviors have been observed in nonhuman primates?

Primate behavior is best viewed as being

The modification of natural objects for use as tools has several implications for nonhuman primate intelligence.

Vervet monkey vocalizations

Infanticide by adult males

It has been proposed that male Hanuman langurs that commit infanticide are actually reducing their own reproductive success.

Ecological factors influencing primate social behavior include which of the following?

Male-female bonds, such as consortships, are advantageous to females because they gain protection from predators.

Permanent male-female bonds are

In Old World monkeys, the swelling and changes in the color of the skin surrounding the female's genital area

What is chest slapping by gorillas an example of?

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

The Biological Basis of Life Connections

Heredity and Evolution

Processes of Macroevolution

An Overview of the Primates

Primate and Hominin Origins

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Human Variation and Adaptation

Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Individual

The Human Disconnection

Filters

Exam 7: Primate Behavior

Scientists who use the behavioral ecology approach believe that primate behaviors have evolved through the operation of natural selection.

According to proponents of behavioral ecology,

Monkeys raised without mothers in captivity

Grooming accomplishes all except

In many primate species, ________ have/has a central role in reinforcing social relationships.

Cultural behavior

Cultural behaviors observed in wild chimpanzees include the following except:

What does K-selection refer to?

List and discuss four factors that affect the social structure of a given species.

What altruistic behaviors have been observed in nonhuman primates?

Primate behavior is best viewed as being

The modification of natural objects for use as tools has several implications for nonhuman primate intelligence.

Vervet monkey vocalizations

Infanticide by adult males

It has been proposed that male Hanuman langurs that commit infanticide are actually reducing their own reproductive success.

Ecological factors influencing primate social behavior include which of the following?

Male-female bonds, such as consortships, are advantageous to females because they gain protection from predators.

Permanent male-female bonds are

In Old World monkeys, the swelling and changes in the color of the skin surrounding the female's genital area

What is chest slapping by gorillas an example of?

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

The Biological Basis of Life Connections

Heredity and Evolution

Processes of Macroevolution

An Overview of the Primates

Primate and Hominin Origins

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Human Variation and Adaptation

Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Individual

The Human Disconnection

Filters