Question 1

Compare the hypothesized preagricultural diet with the diet consumed by most Americans today.

Accepted Answer

The hypothesized preagricultural diet consisted mainly of wild plants, fruits, nuts, and lean meats from hunting and fishing. This diet was high in fiber, vitamins, and minerals, and low in added sugars and processed foods. In contrast, the diet consumed by most Americans today is high in processed foods, added sugars, unhealthy fats, and low in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. It often includes large amounts of red meat, high-fat dairy products, and refined grains, leading to an increased risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. Overall, the preagricultural diet was much healthier and more in line with human evolutionary history compared to the modern American diet.

Question 2

When does the adolescent growth spurt approximately occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  two years later in girls than in boys 
B)  at the same time for girls and boys 
C)  two years earlier in girls than in boys 
D)  four years earlier in girls than in boys 
E)  as an early adult 
A)  two years later in girls than in boys 
B)  at the same time for girls and boys 
C)  two years earlier in girls than in boys 
D)  four years earlier in girls than in boys 
E)  as an early adult C

Question 3

What is a present day disorder that is clearly linked to dietary and lifestyle behaviors, such as decreased activity levels and increased consumption of fats and refined carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV 
B)  SIV 
C)  malaria 
D)  small pox 
E)  diabetes 
A)  HIV 
B)  SIV 
C)  malaria 
D)  small pox 
E)  diabetes E

Question 4

The human brain reaches 95 percent of its adult size by what age?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 years 
B)  5 years 
C)  10 years 
D)  15 years 
E)  21 years 
A)  3 years 
B)  5 years 
C)  10 years 
D)  15 years 
E)  21 years

Question 5

One primary way in which genes have an effect on growth and development is through

Accepted Answer

A)  nerves 
B)  the chromosomes 
C)  hormones 
D)  DNA replication 
E)  mitosis 
A)  nerves 
B)  the chromosomes 
C)  hormones 
D)  DNA replication 
E)  mitosis

Question 6

What are essential amino acids and what do the specific amount we need of these nutrients suggest for modern societies?

Accepted Answer

Essential amino acids are a group of nin

Question 7

Biological events that mark the transition to adolescence include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in body size 
B)  hormonal changes 
C)  changes in body shape 
D)  decrease in stature 
E)  increased development and enlargement of breasts and penises 
A)  increase in body size 
B)  hormonal changes 
C)  changes in body shape 
D)  decrease in stature 
E)  increased development and enlargement of breasts and penises

Question 8

At birth, the human brain is approximately what percent of its adult size?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  50 percent 
D)  75 percent 
E)  100 percent 
A)  15 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  50 percent 
D)  75 percent 
E)  100 percent

Question 9

Both nutritional deficiencies and excesses can cause health problems and interfere with childhood growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

List and briefly define the difference between life cycle stages of humans and other primates.

Accepted Answer

The life cycle stages of humans and othe

Question 11

Infectious diseases can delay growth, particularly when coupled with

Accepted Answer

A)  Parasitic infection 
B)  too much protein consumption 
C)  adequate vitamin D 
D)  humidity 
E)  technologies introduced by western culture 
A)  Parasitic infection 
B)  too much protein consumption 
C)  adequate vitamin D 
D)  humidity 
E)  technologies introduced by western culture

Question 12

A long period of female postreproductive time is found in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  chimpanzees 
B)  gorillas 
C)  all monkeys 
D)  lemurs 
E)  humans 
A)  chimpanzees 
B)  gorillas 
C)  all monkeys 
D)  lemurs 
E)  humans

Question 13

The human preagricultural diet was

Accepted Answer

A)  high in fats and low in carbohydrates 
B)  high in fats and animal proteins 
C)  low in fats and high in animal proteins 
D)  low in complex carbohydrates and calcium 
E)  high in salt and low in fiber 
A)  high in fats and low in carbohydrates 
B)  high in fats and animal proteins 
C)  low in fats and high in animal proteins 
D)  low in complex carbohydrates and calcium 
E)  high in salt and low in fiber

Question 14

Far more important than genes in the aging process are lifestyle factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The contemporary diet typical of industrialized societies is basically unchanged from preagricultural diets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The age of onset of menarche is affected by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic patterns 
B)  nutrition 
C)  stress 
D)  disease 
E)  telomerase 
A)  genetic patterns 
B)  nutrition 
C)  stress 
D)  disease 
E)  telomerase

Question 17

The adolescence stage is present in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  all mammals 
B)  all primates 
C)  humans only 
D)  monkeys, apes, and humans 
E)  all nonhuman primates except orangutans 
A)  all mammals 
B)  all primates 
C)  humans only 
D)  monkeys, apes, and humans 
E)  all nonhuman primates except orangutans

Question 18

Chimpanzees that are orphaned before they are weaned

Accepted Answer

A)  usually have the longest life-spans 
B)  have increased reproductive success 
C)  are emotionally dependant on their mothers 
D)  are not affected 
E)  usually die 
A)  usually have the longest life-spans 
B)  have increased reproductive success 
C)  are emotionally dependant on their mothers 
D)  are not affected 
E)  usually die

Question 19

Life history theory

Accepted Answer

A)  does not seek to answer why humans have long periods of infancy and childhood 
B)  does not have an evolutionary perspective 
C)  seeks to understand the impact of natural selection on life cycles 
D)  allows us to predict the timing of reproduction under less than favorable conditions 
E)  suggests that the life course is not a series of trade offs 
A)  does not seek to answer why humans have long periods of infancy and childhood 
B)  does not have an evolutionary perspective 
C)  seeks to understand the impact of natural selection on life cycles 
D)  allows us to predict the timing of reproduction under less than favorable conditions 
E)  suggests that the life course is not a series of trade offs

Question 20

Answer the question, "Are We Still Evolving?," highlighting socioeconomic and political concerns.

Accepted Answer

Yes, we are still evolving, both biologi

Compare the hypothesized preagricultural diet with the diet consumed by most Americans today.

When does the adolescent growth spurt approximately occur?

What is a present day disorder that is clearly linked to dietary and lifestyle behaviors, such as decreased activity levels and increased consumption of fats and refined carbohydrates?

The human brain reaches 95 percent of its adult size by what age?

One primary way in which genes have an effect on growth and development is through

What are essential amino acids and what do the specific amount we need of these nutrients suggest for modern societies?

Biological events that mark the transition to adolescence include all of the following except

At birth, the human brain is approximately what percent of its adult size?

Both nutritional deficiencies and excesses can cause health problems and interfere with childhood growth.

List and briefly define the difference between life cycle stages of humans and other primates.

Infectious diseases can delay growth, particularly when coupled with

A long period of female postreproductive time is found in which of the following?

The human preagricultural diet was

Far more important than genes in the aging process are lifestyle factors.

The contemporary diet typical of industrialized societies is basically unchanged from preagricultural diets.

The age of onset of menarche is affected by all of the following except

The adolescence stage is present in which of the following?

Chimpanzees that are orphaned before they are weaned

Life history theory

Answer the question, "Are We Still Evolving?," highlighting socioeconomic and political concerns.

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

The Biological Basis of Life Connections

Heredity and Evolution

Processes of Macroevolution

An Overview of the Primates

Primate Behavior

Primate and Hominin Origins

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Human Disconnection

Filters

Exam 13: Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Individual

Compare the hypothesized preagricultural diet with the diet consumed by most Americans today.

When does the adolescent growth spurt approximately occur?

What is a present day disorder that is clearly linked to dietary and lifestyle behaviors, such as decreased activity levels and increased consumption of fats and refined carbohydrates?

The human brain reaches 95 percent of its adult size by what age?

One primary way in which genes have an effect on growth and development is through

What are essential amino acids and what do the specific amount we need of these nutrients suggest for modern societies?

Biological events that mark the transition to adolescence include all of the following except

At birth, the human brain is approximately what percent of its adult size?

Both nutritional deficiencies and excesses can cause health problems and interfere with childhood growth.

List and briefly define the difference between life cycle stages of humans and other primates.

Infectious diseases can delay growth, particularly when coupled with

A long period of female postreproductive time is found in which of the following?

The human preagricultural diet was

Far more important than genes in the aging process are lifestyle factors.

The contemporary diet typical of industrialized societies is basically unchanged from preagricultural diets.

The age of onset of menarche is affected by all of the following except

The adolescence stage is present in which of the following?

Chimpanzees that are orphaned before they are weaned

Life history theory

Answer the question, "Are We Still Evolving?," highlighting socioeconomic and political concerns.

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

The Biological Basis of Life Connections

Heredity and Evolution

Processes of Macroevolution

An Overview of the Primates

Primate Behavior

Primate and Hominin Origins

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Human Disconnection

Filters