Question 1

Explain how nondisjunction can occur. Give one example of nondisjunction of the autosomes.

Accepted Answer

Nondisjunction is a genetic event in whi

Question 2

What are the X and Y chromosomes called?

Accepted Answer

A)  autosomes 
B)  gametes 
C)  centromeres 
D)  sex chromosomes 
E)  karyotypes 
A)  autosomes 
B)  gametes 
C)  centromeres 
D)  sex chromosomes 
E)  karyotypes

Question 3

What is the component of red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport?

Accepted Answer

A)  valine 
B)  hemoglobin 
C)  proline 
D)  the cell membrane 
E)  the ribosomes 
A)  valine 
B)  hemoglobin 
C)  proline 
D)  the cell membrane 
E)  the ribosomes

Question 4

Ribosomes are

Accepted Answer

A)  the sex chromosomes 
B)  gametes 
C)  found only in prokaryotes 
D)  only present when the cell divides 
E)  important to protein synthesis 
A)  the sex chromosomes 
B)  gametes 
C)  found only in prokaryotes 
D)  only present when the cell divides 
E)  important to protein synthesis

Question 5

Transfer RNA forms a copy of the DNA molecule during translation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Describe the structure of the DNA molecule in as much detail as you can.

Accepted Answer

The DNA molecule is a long, double-stran

Question 7

In protein synthesis, the process called transcription is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  manufacture of tRNA 
B)  assembly of polypeptide chains 
C)  formation of a mRNA molecule 
D)  production of amino acids 
E)  manufacture of ribosomal RNA 
A)  manufacture of tRNA 
B)  assembly of polypeptide chains 
C)  formation of a mRNA molecule 
D)  production of amino acids 
E)  manufacture of ribosomal RNA

Question 8

Which of the following nitrogenous bases in not found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Uracil 
B)  Guanine 
C)  Thymine 
D)  Adenine 
E)  Cytosine 
A)  Uracil 
B)  Guanine 
C)  Thymine 
D)  Adenine 
E)  Cytosine

Question 9

DNA

Accepted Answer

A)  is single-stranded 
B)  is composed of nitrogenous bases, sugars and gametes 
C)  is composed of nucleotides 
D)  contains the base uracil 
E)  contains six different nitrogenous bases 
A)  is single-stranded 
B)  is composed of nitrogenous bases, sugars and gametes 
C)  is composed of nucleotides 
D)  contains the base uracil 
E)  contains six different nitrogenous bases

Question 10

The two strands of a chromosome are joined at a constricted area called the

Accepted Answer

A)  autosome 
B)  ribosome 
C)  centromere 
D)  nucleotide 
E)  cytoplasm 
A)  autosome 
B)  ribosome 
C)  centromere 
D)  nucleotide 
E)  cytoplasm

Question 11

What was a major goal of the Human Genome Project?

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitate human cloning 
B)  map the chromosomes of every human on the planet 
C)  sequence the entire human genome 
D)  trace evolutionary relationships among primates 
E)  prevent overpopulation 
A)  facilitate human cloning 
B)  map the chromosomes of every human on the planet 
C)  sequence the entire human genome 
D)  trace evolutionary relationships among primates 
E)  prevent overpopulation

Question 12

Which of the following is incorrect. Trisomy 21

Accepted Answer

A)  is only one of several examples of an abnormal number of autosomes that is compatible with life beyond the first five years 
B)  is caused by nondisjunction 
C)  is caused by having three copies of chromosome 21 
D)  occurs in 1 out of 10,000 births 
E)  is associated with paralysis of limbs 
A)  is only one of several examples of an abnormal number of autosomes that is compatible with life beyond the first five years 
B)  is caused by nondisjunction 
C)  is caused by having three copies of chromosome 21 
D)  occurs in 1 out of 10,000 births 
E)  is associated with paralysis of limbs

Question 13

Discuss whether it is possible for a human to have the following combinations of sex chromosomes: XYY; XO only one X and no Y); XXX.

Accepted Answer

Yes, it is possible for a human to have

Question 14

The Y chromosome

Accepted Answer

A)  is found in both sexes; males have two, and females have one 
B)  influences numerous characteristics in addition to sex determination 
C)  can be inherited from either parent 
D)  carries a gene that causes a fetus to develop as male 
E)  causes a fetus to develop as female if two are present 
A)  is found in both sexes; males have two, and females have one 
B)  influences numerous characteristics in addition to sex determination 
C)  can be inherited from either parent 
D)  carries a gene that causes a fetus to develop as male 
E)  causes a fetus to develop as female if two are present

Question 15

Scientists use _______ to produce many copies of small DNA fragments, such as those obtained at crime scenes or from fossils.

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription 
B)  polymerase chain reactions 
C)  nondisjunction 
D)  trisomies 
E)  random assortment of alleles 
A)  transcription 
B)  polymerase chain reactions 
C)  nondisjunction 
D)  trisomies 
E)  random assortment of alleles

Question 16

What are the two steps in protein synthesis? Where does each occur?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis, the process by which

Question 17

A triplet is a series of three DNA bases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins are composed of amino acids. 
B)  The first step in protein synthesis is translation. 
C)  The number and sequence of amino acids determines protein function. 
D)  Proteins are manufactured by the ribosomes. 
E)  The sequence of amino acids in a protein is ultimately determined by the sequence of DNA bases. 
A)  Proteins are composed of amino acids. 
B)  The first step in protein synthesis is translation. 
C)  The number and sequence of amino acids determines protein function. 
D)  Proteins are manufactured by the ribosomes. 
E)  The sequence of amino acids in a protein is ultimately determined by the sequence of DNA bases.

Question 19

Chromosomes are

Accepted Answer

A)  made up of DNA and proteins 
B)  visible during all stages of cell division 
C)  composed of two strands during early stages of cell division 
D)  indiscrete structures 
E)  occur singularly 
A)  made up of DNA and proteins 
B)  visible during all stages of cell division 
C)  composed of two strands during early stages of cell division 
D)  indiscrete structures 
E)  occur singularly

Question 20

After mitosis, daughter cells contain the same amount of DNA as in the original cell. What is this due to?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein synthesis 
B)  recombination 
C)  pairing of homologous chromosomes 
D)  meiosis 
E)  DNA replication 
A)  protein synthesis 
B)  recombination 
C)  pairing of homologous chromosomes 
D)  meiosis 
E)  DNA replication

Explain how nondisjunction can occur. Give one example of nondisjunction of the autosomes.

What are the X and Y chromosomes called?

What is the component of red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport?

Ribosomes are

Transfer RNA forms a copy of the DNA molecule during translation.

Describe the structure of the DNA molecule in as much detail as you can.

In protein synthesis, the process called transcription is which of the following?

Which of the following nitrogenous bases in not found in DNA?

DNA

The two strands of a chromosome are joined at a constricted area called the

What was a major goal of the Human Genome Project?

Which of the following is incorrect. Trisomy 21

Discuss whether it is possible for a human to have the following combinations of sex chromosomes: XYY; XO only one X and no Y); XXX.

The Y chromosome

Scientists use _______ to produce many copies of small DNA fragments, such as those obtained at crime scenes or from fossils.

What are the two steps in protein synthesis? Where does each occur?

A triplet is a series of three DNA bases.

Which of the following statements is false?

Chromosomes are

After mitosis, daughter cells contain the same amount of DNA as in the original cell. What is this due to?

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

Heredity and Evolution

Processes of Macroevolution

An Overview of the Primates

Primate Behavior

Primate and Hominin Origins

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Human Variation and Adaptation

Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Individual

The Human Disconnection

Filters

Exam 3: The Biological Basis of Life Connections

Explain how nondisjunction can occur. Give one example of nondisjunction of the autosomes.

What are the X and Y chromosomes called?

What is the component of red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport?

Ribosomes are

Transfer RNA forms a copy of the DNA molecule during translation.

Describe the structure of the DNA molecule in as much detail as you can.

In protein synthesis, the process called transcription is which of the following?

Which of the following nitrogenous bases in not found in DNA?

DNA

The two strands of a chromosome are joined at a constricted area called the

What was a major goal of the Human Genome Project?

Which of the following is incorrect. Trisomy 21

Discuss whether it is possible for a human to have the following combinations of sex chromosomes: XYY; XO only one X and no Y); XXX.

The Y chromosome

Scientists use _______ to produce many copies of small DNA fragments, such as those obtained at crime scenes or from fossils.

What are the two steps in protein synthesis? Where does each occur?

A triplet is a series of three DNA bases.

Which of the following statements is false?

Chromosomes are

After mitosis, daughter cells contain the same amount of DNA as in the original cell. What is this due to?

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

Heredity and Evolution

Processes of Macroevolution

An Overview of the Primates

Primate Behavior

Primate and Hominin Origins

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Human Variation and Adaptation

Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Individual

The Human Disconnection

Filters