Question 1

Describe one positive and one negative feedback mechanism associated with human health or the human body.

Accepted Answer

One positive feedback mechanism associated with human health is the blood clotting process. When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets in the blood release chemicals that attract more platelets to the site of injury, leading to the formation of a blood clot. This clotting process helps to prevent excessive bleeding and promotes wound healing.

On the other hand, a negative feedback mechanism associated with human health is the regulation of body temperature. When the body temperature rises, the sweat glands are activated to produce sweat, which evaporates and cools the body. This helps to bring the body temperature back to a normal range. Conversely, when the body temperature drops, the blood vessels constrict to reduce heat loss and the muscles shiver to generate heat, helping to maintain a stable body temperature.

Both positive and negative feedback mechanisms are essential for maintaining overall health and homeostasis in the human body.

Question 2

It appears that,as the number of sunspots increases,the sun's total energy output:

Accepted Answer

A) increases slightly 
B) decreases slightly 
C) begins to alternately increase and decrease above average values 
D) does not change 
A) increases slightly 
B) decreases slightly 
C) begins to alternately increase and decrease above average values 
D) does not change A

Question 3

Which of the following has been used to reconstruct past climates?

Accepted Answer

A) analysis of air bubbles trapped in ice 
B) study of documents describing floods,droughts and crop yields 
C) the ratio of oxygen 18 to oxygen 16 in the shells of marine organisms 
D) study of geologic formations 
E) all of the above 
A) analysis of air bubbles trapped in ice 
B) study of documents describing floods,droughts and crop yields 
C) the ratio of oxygen 18 to oxygen 16 in the shells of marine organisms 
D) study of geologic formations 
E) all of the above E

Question 4

Discuss the changes that occur in the earth's orbit and orientation of the earth in its orbit.Over what time scales do these different changes occur?

Accepted Answer

The Earth's orbit and orientation in its

Question 5

A biogeophysical feedback mechanism in the Sahel relates:

Accepted Answer

A) reduced cloud cover to increasing surface temperatures and an increase in rainfall 
B) reduced vegetation to a decrease in surface temperatures and a reduction in rainfall 
C) an increase in vegetation to an increase in surface temperatures and a reduction in rainfall 
D) a decrease in vegetation to a lowering of surface albedo and an increase in rainfall 
A) reduced cloud cover to increasing surface temperatures and an increase in rainfall 
B) reduced vegetation to a decrease in surface temperatures and a reduction in rainfall 
C) an increase in vegetation to an increase in surface temperatures and a reduction in rainfall 
D) a decrease in vegetation to a lowering of surface albedo and an increase in rainfall

Question 6

Indications of past climates in tree rings are determined by examination of the:

Accepted Answer

A) thickness of growth rings 
B) density of growth rings 
C) presence of frost rings 
D) all of the above 
E) only a and b 
A) thickness of growth rings 
B) density of growth rings 
C) presence of frost rings 
D) all of the above 
E) only a and b

Question 7

The formation of continental glaciers over vast areas of North America is most favorable when Northern Hemisphere summers are __________ and winters are __________.

Accepted Answer

A) cool,extremely cold 
B) cool,mild 
C) warm,extremely cold 
D) warm,mild 
A) cool,extremely cold 
B) cool,mild 
C) warm,extremely cold 
D) warm,mild

Question 8

Ice cores record both the record of past temperatures,and also the causes of climate change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

During the climatic optimum,alpine glaciers began to advance down river valleys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The higher the ratio of oxygen 18 to oxygen 16 in the shells of organisms that lived in the sea during the geologic past,the colder the climate at that time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Plate tectonics "explains" certain climatic changes by showing that these changes may be related to:

Accepted Answer

A) mountain building 
B) the amount of CO2 and H2O released into the atmosphere 
C) the paths taken by ocean currents 
D) the position of the continents 
E) all of the above 
A) mountain building 
B) the amount of CO2 and H2O released into the atmosphere 
C) the paths taken by ocean currents 
D) the position of the continents 
E) all of the above

Question 12

An increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations will most likely lead to __________ in the troposphere and __________ in the upper atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) warming,warming 
B) cooling,warming 
C) warming,cooling 
D) cooling,cooling 
A) warming,warming 
B) cooling,warming 
C) warming,cooling 
D) cooling,cooling

Question 13

Lowering of sea levels is not one of the possible consequences of global warming predicted by climate models.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

During the Pleistocene epoch,continental glaciers alternately advanced and retreated over large portions of North America and Europe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Precession of the equinox refers to the wobble of the earth on its axis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What is meant by the term "positive feedback?" What role could positive feedback play in the atmospheric greenhouse effect? Would this enhance or reduce global warming? Can you think of any "negative feedback" mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback is a process in which

Question 17

A high concentration of oxygen 16 found in the ice caves of Antarctica and Greenland would indicate __________ at the time the ice was formed.

Accepted Answer

A) cold air temperatures 
B) mild winters 
C) intense ultraviolet radiation 
D) the caves were under the ocean 
A) cold air temperatures 
B) mild winters 
C) intense ultraviolet radiation 
D) the caves were under the ocean

Question 18

Which theory explains how glacial material can be observed today near sea level at the equator,even though sea level glaciers probably never existed there?

Accepted Answer

A) Milankovitch theory 
B) Theory of plate tectonics 
C) Volcanic dust theory 
D) Maunder theory 
A) Milankovitch theory 
B) Theory of plate tectonics 
C) Volcanic dust theory 
D) Maunder theory

Question 19

What are meant by the terms positive and negative feedback mechanisms? Give an example of a process that would be considered a positive feedback mechanism during a period of warming on the earth.Can you think of a negative feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Positive and negative feedback mechanism

Question 20

It is now known that,overall,clouds:

Accepted Answer

A) have a net warming effect on climate 
B) have a net cooling effect on climate 
C) have no net effect on climate 
D) are the single most important feature in determining climate 
A) have a net warming effect on climate 
B) have a net cooling effect on climate 
C) have no net effect on climate 
D) are the single most important feature in determining climate

Describe one positive and one negative feedback mechanism associated with human health or the human body.

It appears that,as the number of sunspots increases,the sun's total energy output:

Which of the following has been used to reconstruct past climates?

Discuss the changes that occur in the earth's orbit and orientation of the earth in its orbit.Over what time scales do these different changes occur?

A biogeophysical feedback mechanism in the Sahel relates:

Indications of past climates in tree rings are determined by examination of the:

The formation of continental glaciers over vast areas of North America is most favorable when Northern Hemisphere summers are and winters are .

Ice cores record both the record of past temperatures,and also the causes of climate change.

During the climatic optimum,alpine glaciers began to advance down river valleys.

The higher the ratio of oxygen 18 to oxygen 16 in the shells of organisms that lived in the sea during the geologic past,the colder the climate at that time.

Plate tectonics "explains" certain climatic changes by showing that these changes may be related to:

An increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentrations will most likely lead to in the troposphere and in the upper atmosphere.

Lowering of sea levels is not one of the possible consequences of global warming predicted by climate models.

During the Pleistocene epoch,continental glaciers alternately advanced and retreated over large portions of North America and Europe.

Precession of the equinox refers to the wobble of the earth on its axis.

What is meant by the term "positive feedback?" What role could positive feedback play in the atmospheric greenhouse effect? Would this enhance or reduce global warming? Can you think of any "negative feedback" mechanisms?

A high concentration of oxygen 16 found in the ice caves of Antarctica and Greenland would indicate __________ at the time the ice was formed.

Which theory explains how glacial material can be observed today near sea level at the equator,even though sea level glaciers probably never existed there?

What are meant by the terms positive and negative feedback mechanisms? Give an example of a process that would be considered a positive feedback mechanism during a period of warming on the earth.Can you think of a negative feedback mechanism?

It is now known that,overall,clouds:

The Turbulent Atmosphere

Energy That Drives the Storms

Temperature and Humidity Extremes

Condensation in the Atmosphere

Clouds and Stability

Precipitation Extremes

Atmospheric Motions

Wind Systems

Air Masses and Fronts

Mid-Latitude Cyclonic Storms

Thunderstorms

Tornadoes

Hurricanes

Weather Forecasting

Filters

Exam 15: The Earths Changing Climate

Describe one positive and one negative feedback mechanism associated with human health or the human body.

It appears that,as the number of sunspots increases,the sun's total energy output:

Which of the following has been used to reconstruct past climates?

Discuss the changes that occur in the earth's orbit and orientation of the earth in its orbit.Over what time scales do these different changes occur?

A biogeophysical feedback mechanism in the Sahel relates:

Indications of past climates in tree rings are determined by examination of the:

The formation of continental glaciers over vast areas of North America is most favorable when Northern Hemisphere summers are __________ and winters are __________.

Ice cores record both the record of past temperatures,and also the causes of climate change.

During the climatic optimum,alpine glaciers began to advance down river valleys.

The higher the ratio of oxygen 18 to oxygen 16 in the shells of organisms that lived in the sea during the geologic past,the colder the climate at that time.

Plate tectonics "explains" certain climatic changes by showing that these changes may be related to:

An increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations will most likely lead to __________ in the troposphere and __________ in the upper atmosphere.

Lowering of sea levels is not one of the possible consequences of global warming predicted by climate models.

During the Pleistocene epoch,continental glaciers alternately advanced and retreated over large portions of North America and Europe.

Precession of the equinox refers to the wobble of the earth on its axis.

What is meant by the term "positive feedback?" What role could positive feedback play in the atmospheric greenhouse effect? Would this enhance or reduce global warming? Can you think of any "negative feedback" mechanisms?

A high concentration of oxygen 16 found in the ice caves of Antarctica and Greenland would indicate __________ at the time the ice was formed.

Which theory explains how glacial material can be observed today near sea level at the equator,even though sea level glaciers probably never existed there?

What are meant by the terms positive and negative feedback mechanisms? Give an example of a process that would be considered a positive feedback mechanism during a period of warming on the earth.Can you think of a negative feedback mechanism?

It is now known that,overall,clouds:

The Turbulent Atmosphere

Energy That Drives the Storms

Temperature and Humidity Extremes

Condensation in the Atmosphere

Clouds and Stability

Precipitation Extremes

Atmospheric Motions

Wind Systems

Air Masses and Fronts

Mid-Latitude Cyclonic Storms

Thunderstorms

Tornadoes

Hurricanes

Weather Forecasting

Filters

The formation of continental glaciers over vast areas of North America is most favorable when Northern Hemisphere summers are and winters are .

An increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentrations will most likely lead to in the troposphere and in the upper atmosphere.