Exam 14: Infection Prevention and Control

Which of the following situations is most likely to contribute to a health care-acquired infection?

An emergency department nurse is caring for a patient with a laceration on the lower leg that has become infected.On assessment the nurse realizes that a sign of an inflammatory response consists of:

An 89-year-old patient who lives in a nursing home has been admitted to the hospital for observation after falling,and is exhibiting confusion and malaise in the nursing home.He had a urinary catheter inserted 2 weeks ago when he complained of difficulty urinating.Lab work was ordered and the nurse notes that his neutrophil count is elevated.She knows that this,combined with the other clinical signs and symptoms,most likely indicates what condition?

A senior nursing student is working on a community health project for the local homeless shelter.There are several indigent men who come to the shelter in cold weather to sleep for the night.The student nurse knows that these men do not bathe on a regular basis.One of the men has been sick several times recently with skin infections.Which of the following is the best way for the student nurse to explain the importance of personal hygiene to this individual?

The nurse has had a nasal culture performed and has been found to be MRSA positive.Because the nurse has not been ill from the bacteria,the nurse's nasal cavity can best be described as a:

A nurse is coaching a student on the proper method of applying surgical gloves.One step in the proper donning of sterile gloves requires the nurse to:

The nurse has noticed slight redness when washing her hands.She is concerned about developing a latex allergy.To prevent this,the nurse should:

A patient with a history of poor nutrition and chronic illness is admitted to the medical unit.The nurse caring for this patient is preparing to provide the patient with a bed bath and recalls that normal body flora:

A patient is admitted for treatment of a home-acquired pressure ulcer.The patient is incontinent of urine and has Alzheimer disease.A Foley catheter is inserted.The nurse recognizes that the best way to break the infection chain is to:

The infection control nurse is presenting an in-service presentation on infection prevention and control.A participating nurse identifies what patient as most susceptible to acquiring an infection?

A nursing student is working on a surgical unit in the hospital.Included in her job description is to assist in the cleaning and disinfection of equipment stored on the unit.Which of the following is the best explanation of disinfection?

A nurse sets up a sterile field.A break in the sterile field occurs when the nurse does which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Standard precautions involve using personal protective equipment with all patients regardless of the presence of infections.Therefore when obtaining a blood sample,the nurse must wear:

The student nurse who is developing a plan of care for a postoperative patient who underwent abdominal surgery to remove a tumor.The student has chosen Risk for Infection as a nursing diagnosis.Which of the following is the most appropriate goal for this diagnosis?

The nursing assistive personnel (NAP)is working on a busy pediatric unit in a hospital.She has a cut on her hand that has not been kept covered.It hurts her to wash her hands or sanitize them,so she has been providing patient care without performing hand hygiene.Several of the patients on the pediatric unit have suffered hospital-associated infections of rotavirus.This was thought to be a result of the NAP's lack of hand hygiene.This type of disease transmission can best be described as:

The nurse is admitting a patient with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)infection isolated in his stage III pressure ulcer.The nurse places the patient on:

A nurse is assigned to multiple patients on a busy surgical unit.To minimize the onset and spread of infection,the nurse should:

The nurse is working for a postsurgical unit.He is caring for four postsurgical patients,all of whom have been in the hospital for 3 days or more.Which of the following patients should he be most concerned about regarding a health care-associated infection?

The student nurse caring for a postsurgical patient who has developed a health care-acquired wound infection that has become systemic.Which of the following should be the student nurse's top priority?

The nurse and is very concerned about infection control in the Surgery Department.Recently she provided education to the surgery staff on ways to eliminate transient hand flora.The most precise description for this is hand: