Exam 5: Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

A 20.0-L container holds 15.3 mol of Cl₂ gas at 227°C. a.Calculate the pressure in atmospheres,assuming ideal behavior. b.Calculate the pressure in atmospheres,assuming van der Waals behavior.The van der Waals constants for Cl₂ are a = 6.49 atm·L²/mol² and b = 0.0562 L/mol.

"The total pressure in a mixture of unreacting gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases" is a statement of __________________ Law.

A sample of oxygen gas has its absolute temperature halved while the pressure of the gas remained constant.If the initial volume is 400 mL,what is the final volume?

A 1.30-L sample of argon gas is at 1.02 atm and 21.5°C. a.What mass of argon is in the container? b.If the temperature is raised to 500.0°C while the volume remains constant,calculate the new pressure,in atmospheres.

For real gases,PV > nRT,always.

State Boyle's Law and illustrate it with a graph,using standard x-y coordinate axes.Be sure to label the axes unambiguously with the correct gas variables.

What is the density of carbon dioxide gas at -25.2°C and 98.0 kPa?

Small quantities of hydrogen can be prepared by the addition of hydrochloric acid to zinc.A sample of 195 mL of hydrogen was collected over water at 25°C and 753 torr.What mass of hydrogen was collected? (P_water = 24 torr at 25°C)

Nitrogen dioxide is a red-brown gas that is responsible for the color of photochemical smog.A sample of nitrogen dioxide has a volume of 28.6 L at 45.3°C and 89.9 kPa.What is its volume at STP?

A sample of nitrogen gas at 298 K and 745 torr has a volume of 37.42 L.What volume will it occupy if the pressure is increased to 894 torr at constant temperature?

A 750-mL sample of hydrogen exerts a pressure of 822 torr at 325 K.What pressure does it exert if the temperature is raised to 475 K at constant volume?

At very high pressures (~ 1000 atm),the measured pressure exerted by real gases is greater than that predicted by the ideal gas equation.This is mainly because

Chlorofluorocarbons are important air pollutants implicated in global warming and ozone depletion.How fast does the chlorofluorocarbon CF₂Cl₂ diffuse relative to N₂,the main component of the atmosphere? In other words,calculate the ratio of diffusion rates:

Which of the following gases effuses most rapidly?

A 1.00-L sample of a pure gas weighs 0.785 g and is at 0.965 atm and 29.2°C. a.What is the molar mass of the gas? b.If the volume and temperature are kept constant while 0.400 g of the same gas are added to that already in the container,what will the new pressure be?

Mineral oil can be used in place of mercury in certain pressure-measuring instruments when small pressure changes are to be measured.What is the pressure of an oxygen sample in mm of mineral oil if its pressure is 28.5 mm Hg? (d of mineral oil = 0.88 g/mL;d of Hg = 13.5 g/mL)

Which of the lines on the figure below is the best representation of the relationship between the volume of a gas and its Celsius temperature,other factors remaining constant?

A sample of ammonia gas at 65.5°C and 524 torr has a volume of 15.31 L.What is its volume when the temperature is -15.8°C and its pressure is 524 torr?

Assuming ideal behavior,what is the density of argon gas at STP,in g/L?

Calculate the pressure of a helium sample at -207.3°C and 768 mL if it exerts a pressure of 175 kPa at 25.0°C and 925 mL.