Question 1

The idea that the LH is a hunger center has largely been abandoned because

Accepted Answer

A)  bilateral lesions of the LH produce hyperphagia. 
B)  the paraventricular nucleus appears to be the hunger center. 
C)  bilateral LH lesions produce severe and general motor disturbances and reduce responsiveness to all kinds of sensory input, not just food. 
D)  LH lesions do not reduce eating. 
E)  LH lesions do not reduce either eating or drinking. 
A)  bilateral lesions of the LH produce hyperphagia. 
B)  the paraventricular nucleus appears to be the hunger center. 
C)  bilateral LH lesions produce severe and general motor disturbances and reduce responsiveness to all kinds of sensory input, not just food. 
D)  LH lesions do not reduce eating. 
E)  LH lesions do not reduce either eating or drinking.

Question 2

Human patients who have had their stomachs surgically removed eat

Accepted Answer

A)  so little that they need to be fed intravenously to survive. 
B)  much more than do humans with stomachs. 
C)  continue to maintain their body weights by eating more meals of smaller size. 
D)  only through implanted fistulas. 
E)  only wet food. 
A)  so little that they need to be fed intravenously to survive. 
B)  much more than do humans with stomachs. 
C)  continue to maintain their body weights by eating more meals of smaller size. 
D)  only through implanted fistulas. 
E)  only wet food.

Question 3

Which surgical procedure is illustrated here?

Accepted Answer

A)  gastric bypass 
B)  adjustable gastric band 
C)  sham eating 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B 
A)  gastric bypass 
B)  adjustable gastric band 
C)  sham eating 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B

Question 4

The surgical treatment for extreme obesity that is portrayed in this illustration is __________ surgery.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The surgical treatment for extreme obesity that...

Question 5

Although __________ agonists are effective in the treatment of obesity, they are currently not in wide use because they tend to have dangerous side effects.

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate 
B)  serotonin 
C)  GABA 
D)  acetylcholine 
E)  neuropeptide Y 
A)  glutamate 
B)  serotonin 
C)  GABA 
D)  acetylcholine 
E)  neuropeptide Y

Question 6

Small amounts of food eaten prior to a meal __________ hunger. This is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce; satiety 
B)  reduce; feeding intervention 
C)  increase; the appetizer effect 
D)  increase; sham eating 
E)  increase; conditioning 
A)  reduce; satiety 
B)  reduce; feeding intervention 
C)  increase; the appetizer effect 
D)  increase; sham eating 
E)  increase; conditioning

Question 7

Glucostatic theory is to lipostatic theory as

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose is to fat. 
B)  short-term is to long-term regulation. 
C)  long-term is to short-term regulation. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C 
A)  glucose is to fat. 
B)  short-term is to long-term regulation. 
C)  long-term is to short-term regulation. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C

Question 8

Set-point negative-feedback systems are one way of maintaining

Accepted Answer

A)  high levels of food intake. 
B)  high levels of body fat. 
C)  high levels of energy consumption. 
D)  high levels of hunger. 
E)  homeostasis. 
A)  high levels of food intake. 
B)  high levels of body fat. 
C)  high levels of energy consumption. 
D)  high levels of hunger. 
E)  homeostasis.

Question 9

According to the lipostatic theory,

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced fat levels in the body are the primary cause of mealtime hunger. 
B)  each person has a body-fat set point. 
C)  maintaining fat levels in the body at homeostatic levels is a major factor in the long-term regulation of food intake. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C 
A)  reduced fat levels in the body are the primary cause of mealtime hunger. 
B)  each person has a body-fat set point. 
C)  maintaining fat levels in the body at homeostatic levels is a major factor in the long-term regulation of food intake. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C

Question 10

Hunger and eating can be induced in satiated mammals by decreasing blood glucose levels with large injections of insulin. However, such large decreases

Accepted Answer

A)  rarely, if ever, occur in healthy humans or other mammals with ready access to food. 
B)  occur naturally about four times per day in humans. 
C)  occur naturally about three times per day in most mammals. 
D)  occur naturally just before mealtime in North Americans, who are used to eating three meals per day. 
E)  occur six times per day in humans--on the average. 
A)  rarely, if ever, occur in healthy humans or other mammals with ready access to food. 
B)  occur naturally about four times per day in humans. 
C)  occur naturally about three times per day in most mammals. 
D)  occur naturally just before mealtime in North Americans, who are used to eating three meals per day. 
E)  occur six times per day in humans--on the average.

Question 11

The conclusion of the 1912 study illustrated here was that stomach contractions are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  eating. 
B)  hunger. 
C)  pain. 
D)  gas. 
E)  excess satiety. 
A)  eating. 
B)  hunger. 
C)  pain. 
D)  gas. 
E)  excess satiety.

Question 12

Many hunger and satiety peptides have receptors in the

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampus. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  amygdala. 
D)  prefrontal cortex 
E)  striatum. 
A)  hippocampus. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  amygdala. 
D)  prefrontal cortex 
E)  striatum.

Question 13

Ob/ob mice

Accepted Answer

A)  convert calories to fat more efficiently than do control mice. 
B)  use their calories more efficiently than do control mice. 
C)  have low leptin levels. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  convert calories to fat more efficiently than do control mice. 
B)  use their calories more efficiently than do control mice. 
C)  have low leptin levels. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 14

Describe two explanations for why we get hungry at our regular meal times. Discuss relevant evidence. Which of the two explanations does the evidence support?

Accepted Answer

20% for describing the convent

Question 15

According to the text, obesity is now prevalent in industrialized countries because

Accepted Answer

A)  high-positive-incentive value foods are continuously and readily available in these countries. 
B)  humans have evolved to eat as much as they can when food is available. 
C)  cultures have evolved to promote eating when food is available. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B 
A)  high-positive-incentive value foods are continuously and readily available in these countries. 
B)  humans have evolved to eat as much as they can when food is available. 
C)  cultures have evolved to promote eating when food is available. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B

Question 16

Food in the stomach stimulates the release of __________ from the stomach wall.

Accepted Answer

A)  peptides 
B)  ketones 
C)  free fatty acids 
D)  glucose 
E)  bile 
A)  peptides 
B)  ketones 
C)  free fatty acids 
D)  glucose 
E)  bile

Question 17

Animals with a sodium deficiency, tend to favor diets rich in sodium because

Accepted Answer

A)  they learn to recognize the health-promoting effects of sodium-rich diets. 
B)  they learn to recognize the health-disrupting effects of sodium-free diets. 
C)  the deficiency produces an immediate preference for the taste of sodium salts. 
D)  sodium is usually found in thiamine-rich diets. 
E)  thiamine is usually found in sodium-rich diets. 
A)  they learn to recognize the health-promoting effects of sodium-rich diets. 
B)  they learn to recognize the health-disrupting effects of sodium-free diets. 
C)  the deficiency produces an immediate preference for the taste of sodium salts. 
D)  sodium is usually found in thiamine-rich diets. 
E)  thiamine is usually found in sodium-rich diets.

Question 18

The transition between the absorptive and fasting phase occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  a person begins to weaken from lack of food. 
B)  about 4 hours have passed since the last meal. 
C)  the body stops deriving its energy from the fuels still circulating in the blood from the previous meal. 
D)  the brain stops deriving its energy from glycogen. 
E)  the brain stops deriving its energy from the glycogen stored in neurons from the previous meal. 
A)  a person begins to weaken from lack of food. 
B)  about 4 hours have passed since the last meal. 
C)  the body stops deriving its energy from the fuels still circulating in the blood from the previous meal. 
D)  the brain stops deriving its energy from glycogen. 
E)  the brain stops deriving its energy from the glycogen stored in neurons from the previous meal.

Question 19

Insulin promotes the

Accepted Answer

A)  use of glucose as a metabolic fuel. 
B)  conversion of glucose to fat. 
C)  conversion of glycogen to glucose. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both B and C 
A)  use of glucose as a metabolic fuel. 
B)  conversion of glucose to fat. 
C)  conversion of glycogen to glucose. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both B and C

Question 20

During the fasting phase, the body (excluding the brain) cannot use glucose as a metabolic fuel because

Accepted Answer

A)  there is none left. 
B)  it is all stored in neurons. 
C)  insulin levels are low and insulin is needed for glucose to enter the cells of the body. 
D)  glycogen is needed for glucose to enter the cells of the body. 
E)  glucose is needed for insulin to enter the cells of the body. 
A)  there is none left. 
B)  it is all stored in neurons. 
C)  insulin levels are low and insulin is needed for glucose to enter the cells of the body. 
D)  glycogen is needed for glucose to enter the cells of the body. 
E)  glucose is needed for insulin to enter the cells of the body.

The idea that the LH is a hunger center has largely been abandoned because

Human patients who have had their stomachs surgically removed eat

Which surgical procedure is illustrated here?

The surgical treatment for extreme obesity that is portrayed in this illustration is __________ surgery.

Although __________ agonists are effective in the treatment of obesity, they are currently not in wide use because they tend to have dangerous side effects.

Small amounts of food eaten prior to a meal hunger. This is called .

Glucostatic theory is to lipostatic theory as

Set-point negative-feedback systems are one way of maintaining

According to the lipostatic theory,

Hunger and eating can be induced in satiated mammals by decreasing blood glucose levels with large injections of insulin. However, such large decreases

The conclusion of the 1912 study illustrated here was that stomach contractions are associated with

Many hunger and satiety peptides have receptors in the

Ob/ob mice

Describe two explanations for why we get hungry at our regular meal times. Discuss relevant evidence. Which of the two explanations does the evidence support?

According to the text, obesity is now prevalent in industrialized countries because

Food in the stomach stimulates the release of __________ from the stomach wall.

Animals with a sodium deficiency, tend to favor diets rich in sodium because

The transition between the absorptive and fasting phase occurs when

Insulin promotes the

During the fasting phase, the body (excluding the brain) cannot use glucose as a metabolic fuel because

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

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Exam 12: Hunger, Eating, and Health

The idea that the LH is a hunger center has largely been abandoned because

Human patients who have had their stomachs surgically removed eat

Which surgical procedure is illustrated here?

The surgical treatment for extreme obesity that is portrayed in this illustration is __________ surgery.

Although __________ agonists are effective in the treatment of obesity, they are currently not in wide use because they tend to have dangerous side effects.

Small amounts of food eaten prior to a meal __________ hunger. This is called __________.

Glucostatic theory is to lipostatic theory as

Set-point negative-feedback systems are one way of maintaining

According to the lipostatic theory,

Hunger and eating can be induced in satiated mammals by decreasing blood glucose levels with large injections of insulin. However, such large decreases

The conclusion of the 1912 study illustrated here was that stomach contractions are associated with

Many hunger and satiety peptides have receptors in the

Ob/ob mice

Describe two explanations for why we get hungry at our regular meal times. Discuss relevant evidence. Which of the two explanations does the evidence support?

According to the text, obesity is now prevalent in industrialized countries because

Food in the stomach stimulates the release of __________ from the stomach wall.

Animals with a sodium deficiency, tend to favor diets rich in sodium because

The transition between the absorptive and fasting phase occurs when

Insulin promotes the

During the fasting phase, the body (excluding the brain) cannot use glucose as a metabolic fuel because

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters

Small amounts of food eaten prior to a meal hunger. This is called .