Question 1

The two descending __________ motor pathways control movements of the trunk.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two descending __________ motor pathways control...

Question 2

Discuss the organization and functions of primary motor cortex. Compare the traditional view with the modern view, emphasizing the relevant evidence.

Accepted Answer

20% for describing traditional

Question 3

Patients with __________ have particular difficulty making accurate movements when asked to do so, particularly when they are asked to make them out of context.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Patients with __________ have particular difficulty making...

Question 4

Two muscles whose contraction produces the same movement of a joint are said to be __________ muscles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two muscles whose contraction produces the same...

Question 5

Like the sensory systems, the sensorimotor system is

Accepted Answer

A)  hierarchical. 
B)  parallel. 
C)  functionally segregated. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  hierarchical. 
B)  parallel. 
C)  functionally segregated. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 6

The motor neuron illustrated here is

Accepted Answer

A)  a spindle afferent neuron. 
B)  an intrafusal neuron. 
C)  an extrafusal neuron. 
D)  an agonist neuron. 
E)  an antagonist neuron. 
A)  a spindle afferent neuron. 
B)  an intrafusal neuron. 
C)  an extrafusal neuron. 
D)  an agonist neuron. 
E)  an antagonist neuron.

Question 7

Some of the supplementary motor area is in the

Accepted Answer

A)  longitudinal fissure. 
B)  lateral fissure. 
C)  parietal cortex. 
D)  temporal cortex. 
E)  inferotemporal cortex. 
A)  longitudinal fissure. 
B)  lateral fissure. 
C)  parietal cortex. 
D)  temporal cortex. 
E)  inferotemporal cortex.

Question 8

The consequences of widespread cerebellar damage include

Accepted Answer

A)  difficulty in maintaining steady postures. 
B)  inability to precisely control the direction, force, velocity, and amplitude of movements. 
C)  inability to adapt patterns of motor output to changing conditions. 
D)  severe disturbances of balance, gait, speech, and eye movement. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  difficulty in maintaining steady postures. 
B)  inability to precisely control the direction, force, velocity, and amplitude of movements. 
C)  inability to adapt patterns of motor output to changing conditions. 
D)  severe disturbances of balance, gait, speech, and eye movement. 
E)  all of the above

Question 9

Large lesions to the right parietal lobe sometimes produce

Accepted Answer

A)  ipsilateral astereognosia. 
B)  contralateral neglect. 
C)  apraxia. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C 
A)  ipsilateral astereognosia. 
B)  contralateral neglect. 
C)  apraxia. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C

Question 10

Neurons descending from the primary motor cortex in the corticorubrospinal tract synapse in the __________ before the tract reaches the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neurons descending from the primary motor cortex...

Question 11

Which of the following requires an inhibitory interneuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal innervation 
B)  recurrent collateral inhibition 
C)  isometric contraction 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B 
A)  reciprocal innervation 
B)  recurrent collateral inhibition 
C)  isometric contraction 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B

Question 12

Theories of sensorimotor learning emphasize two kinds of learning-related changes in sensorimotor programs:

Accepted Answer

A)  chunking and increasing conscious control of the learned sensorimotor response. 
B)  transferring the neural control of the learned sensorimotor response to lower levels of the CNS and increasing conscious control of it. 
C)  chunking and increasing the degree of neural control. 
D)  transferring the neural control of the learned sensorimotor response to higher levels of the CNS and increasing the conscious control of it. 
E)  chunking and transferring much of the control of the response to lower levels of the nervous system. 
A)  chunking and increasing conscious control of the learned sensorimotor response. 
B)  transferring the neural control of the learned sensorimotor response to lower levels of the CNS and increasing conscious control of it. 
C)  chunking and increasing the degree of neural control. 
D)  transferring the neural control of the learned sensorimotor response to higher levels of the CNS and increasing the conscious control of it. 
E)  chunking and transferring much of the control of the response to lower levels of the nervous system.

Question 13

The patellar tendon reflex is a

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned reflex. 
B)  stretch reflex. 
C)  withdrawal reflex. 
D)  monosynaptic reflex. 
E)  both B and D 
A)  conditioned reflex. 
B)  stretch reflex. 
C)  withdrawal reflex. 
D)  monosynaptic reflex. 
E)  both B and D

Question 14

The decussation in the medullary pyramids is part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  dorsolateral corticospinal tract. 
B)  dorsolateral corticorubrospinal tract. 
C)  ventromedial corticospinal tract. 
D)  ventromedial cortico-brainstem-spinal tract. 
E)  both C and D 
A)  dorsolateral corticospinal tract. 
B)  dorsolateral corticorubrospinal tract. 
C)  ventromedial corticospinal tract. 
D)  ventromedial cortico-brainstem-spinal tract. 
E)  both C and D

Question 15

Discuss the concept of central sensorimotor programs. Describe and discuss three of their important features.

Accepted Answer

25% for explaining t

Question 16

All of the motor neurons that innervate the fibers of a single muscle are called its

Accepted Answer

A)  motor unit. 
B)  discharge unit. 
C)  motor pool. 
D)  antagonists. 
E)  agonists. 
A)  motor unit. 
B)  discharge unit. 
C)  motor pool. 
D)  antagonists. 
E)  agonists.

Question 17

In general, the ventromedial descending motor tracts control the muscles of the

Accepted Answer

A)  thumbs. 
B)  fingers. 
C)  trunk. 
D)  toes. 
E)  face. 
A)  thumbs. 
B)  fingers. 
C)  trunk. 
D)  toes. 
E)  face.

Question 18

Without the sensory feedback carried by the somatosensory nerves of the arms, human neurological patients, such as G. O., have difficulty

Accepted Answer

A)  swatting a fly. 
B)  maintaining a constant appropriate level of manual muscle contraction. 
C)  adjusting the output of the muscles of their arms to compensate for unexpected external disturbances (e.g., somebody brushing against an arm). 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C 
A)  swatting a fly. 
B)  maintaining a constant appropriate level of manual muscle contraction. 
C)  adjusting the output of the muscles of their arms to compensate for unexpected external disturbances (e.g., somebody brushing against an arm). 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C

Question 19

Which of the following brain stem structures receives direct sensory information about balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum 
B)  reticular formation 
C)  vestibular nucleus 
D)  tectum 
E)  red nucleus 
A)  cerebellum 
B)  reticular formation 
C)  vestibular nucleus 
D)  tectum 
E)  red nucleus

Question 20

According to current theory, the sensorimotor system

Accepted Answer

A)  is largely ballistic. 
B)  is largely, if not entirely, ipsilateral. 
C)  comprises a hierarchy of central sensorimotor programs. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B 
A)  is largely ballistic. 
B)  is largely, if not entirely, ipsilateral. 
C)  comprises a hierarchy of central sensorimotor programs. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B

The two descending __________ motor pathways control movements of the trunk.

Discuss the organization and functions of primary motor cortex. Compare the traditional view with the modern view, emphasizing the relevant evidence.

Patients with __________ have particular difficulty making accurate movements when asked to do so, particularly when they are asked to make them out of context.

Two muscles whose contraction produces the same movement of a joint are said to be __________ muscles.

Like the sensory systems, the sensorimotor system is

The motor neuron illustrated here is

Some of the supplementary motor area is in the

The consequences of widespread cerebellar damage include

Large lesions to the right parietal lobe sometimes produce

Neurons descending from the primary motor cortex in the corticorubrospinal tract synapse in the __________ before the tract reaches the spinal cord.

Which of the following requires an inhibitory interneuron?

Theories of sensorimotor learning emphasize two kinds of learning-related changes in sensorimotor programs:

The patellar tendon reflex is a

The decussation in the medullary pyramids is part of the

Discuss the concept of central sensorimotor programs. Describe and discuss three of their important features.

All of the motor neurons that innervate the fibers of a single muscle are called its

In general, the ventromedial descending motor tracts control the muscles of the

Without the sensory feedback carried by the somatosensory nerves of the arms, human neurological patients, such as G. O., have difficulty

Which of the following brain stem structures receives direct sensory information about balance?

According to current theory, the sensorimotor system

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Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

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Exam 8: The Sensorimotor System

The two descending __________ motor pathways control movements of the trunk.

Discuss the organization and functions of primary motor cortex. Compare the traditional view with the modern view, emphasizing the relevant evidence.

Patients with __________ have particular difficulty making accurate movements when asked to do so, particularly when they are asked to make them out of context.

Two muscles whose contraction produces the same movement of a joint are said to be __________ muscles.

Like the sensory systems, the sensorimotor system is

The motor neuron illustrated here is

Some of the supplementary motor area is in the

The consequences of widespread cerebellar damage include

Large lesions to the right parietal lobe sometimes produce

Neurons descending from the primary motor cortex in the corticorubrospinal tract synapse in the __________ before the tract reaches the spinal cord.

Which of the following requires an inhibitory interneuron?

Theories of sensorimotor learning emphasize two kinds of learning-related changes in sensorimotor programs:

The patellar tendon reflex is a

The decussation in the medullary pyramids is part of the

Discuss the concept of central sensorimotor programs. Describe and discuss three of their important features.

All of the motor neurons that innervate the fibers of a single muscle are called its

In general, the ventromedial descending motor tracts control the muscles of the

Without the sensory feedback carried by the somatosensory nerves of the arms, human neurological patients, such as G. O., have difficulty

Which of the following brain stem structures receives direct sensory information about balance?

According to current theory, the sensorimotor system

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters