Question 1

When the hydrogen isotope tritium-3 emits a beta particle, it becomes an isotope of

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen. 
B) helium. 
C) lithium. 
D) carbon. 
E) none of the above 
A) hydrogen. 
B) helium. 
C) lithium. 
D) carbon. 
E) none of the above

Question 2

For 1 gram of radioactive material that has a half-life of one year, after 4 years the original radioactive material left will be

Accepted Answer

A) 0 g. 
B) 1/2 g. 
C) 1/4 g. 
D) 1/8 g. 
E) none of the above 
A) 0 g. 
B) 1/2 g. 
C) 1/4 g. 
D) 1/8 g. 
E) none of the above

Question 3

Artificially induced radioactive elements generally have

Accepted Answer

A) long half-lives. 
B) short half-lives. 
C) no half-lives. 
A) long half-lives. 
B) short half-lives. 
C) no half-lives.

Question 4

Which of these will penetrate into lead?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) gamma ray. 
D) all of the above 
A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) gamma ray. 
D) all of the above

Question 5

The most harmful radiations are those that

Accepted Answer

A) kill living cells. 
B) damage living cells. 
C) don't encounter cells. 
A) kill living cells. 
B) damage living cells. 
C) don't encounter cells.

Question 6

Pure elements can be transformed into entirely different elements by

Accepted Answer

A) radioactive decay. 
B) transmutation. 
C) both of these 
D) neither of these 
A) radioactive decay. 
B) transmutation. 
C) both of these 
D) neither of these

Question 7

A certain radioactive isotope placed near a Geiger counter registers 160 counts per minute. Eight hours later, the counter registers 10 counts per minute. What is the half-life of the isotope?

Accepted Answer

A) 8 hours 
B) 6 hours 
C) 4 hours 
D) 2 hours 
E) none of the above 
A) 8 hours 
B) 6 hours 
C) 4 hours 
D) 2 hours 
E) none of the above

Question 8

The resulting atomic number of an element that emits 1 alpha particle, 1 positron, and 3 beta particles is

Accepted Answer

A) decreased by 2. 
B) decreased by 1. 
C) unchanged. 
D) increased by 1. 
E) increased by 2. 
A) decreased by 2. 
B) decreased by 1. 
C) unchanged. 
D) increased by 1. 
E) increased by 2.

Question 9

Electric forces within an atomic nucleus tend to

Accepted Answer

A) hold it together. 
B) push it apart. 
C) neither of these 
A) hold it together. 
B) push it apart. 
C) neither of these

Question 10

X-rays are similar to

Accepted Answer

A) alpha rays. 
B) beta rays. 
C) gamma rays. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) alpha rays. 
B) beta rays. 
C) gamma rays. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 11

The operation of a cloud chamber relies on

Accepted Answer

A) magnetization. 
B) evaporation. 
C) acceleration. 
D) polarization. 
E) condensation. 
A) magnetization. 
B) evaporation. 
C) acceleration. 
D) polarization. 
E) condensation.

Question 12

A hydrogen atom that emits an alpha particle is a routine occurrence in

Accepted Answer

A) the environment. 
B) laboratories. 
C) unlikely. 
D) impossible. 
A) the environment. 
B) laboratories. 
C) unlikely. 
D) impossible.

Question 13

When the nucleus of an atom emits only a gamma ray, the atom's atomic number

Accepted Answer

A) decreases. 
B) remains unchanged. 
C) increases. 
A) decreases. 
B) remains unchanged. 
C) increases.

Question 14

When an element undergoes nuclear transmutation, the result is a completely different

Accepted Answer

A) isotope of the same element. 
B) ion of the same element. 
C) element. 
A) isotope of the same element. 
B) ion of the same element. 
C) element.

Question 15

X-rays may be correctly regarded as

Accepted Answer

A) high frequency sound waves. 
B) high frequency radio waves. 
C) both of these 
D) none of these 
A) high frequency sound waves. 
B) high frequency radio waves. 
C) both of these 
D) none of these

Question 16

Most of the radioactivity we personally encounter originates from

Accepted Answer

A) fallout from testing of nuclear weapons. 
B) nuclear power plants. 
C) medical X-rays. 
D) the natural environment. 
A) fallout from testing of nuclear weapons. 
B) nuclear power plants. 
C) medical X-rays. 
D) the natural environment.

Question 17

A sample of highly-radioactive material is somewhat

Accepted Answer

A) warmer than the environment. 
B) cooler than the environment. 
C) neither of these 
A) warmer than the environment. 
B) cooler than the environment. 
C) neither of these

Question 18

When U-238 emits an alpha particle, the resulting nucleus has

Accepted Answer

A) 90 protons. 
B) 91 protons. 
C) 92 protons. 
D) 93 protons. 
E) 94 protons. 
A) 90 protons. 
B) 91 protons. 
C) 92 protons. 
D) 93 protons. 
E) 94 protons.

Question 19

A magnetic field is applied to a cloud chamber for the purpose of

Accepted Answer

A) attracting electrons. 
B) repelling electrons. 
C) attracting protons. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) attracting electrons. 
B) repelling electrons. 
C) attracting protons. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 20

The helium in a child's balloon is composed of

Accepted Answer

A) former alpha-particle. 
B) former beta particles. 
C) both of these 
D) neither of these 
A) former alpha-particle. 
B) former beta particles. 
C) both of these 
D) neither of these

Exam 33: Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

When the hydrogen isotope tritium-3 emits a beta particle, it becomes an isotope of

For 1 gram of radioactive material that has a half-life of one year, after 4 years the original radioactive material left will be

Artificially induced radioactive elements generally have

Which of these will penetrate into lead?

The most harmful radiations are those that

Pure elements can be transformed into entirely different elements by

A certain radioactive isotope placed near a Geiger counter registers 160 counts per minute. Eight hours later, the counter registers 10 counts per minute. What is the half-life of the isotope?

The resulting atomic number of an element that emits 1 alpha particle, 1 positron, and 3 beta particles is

Electric forces within an atomic nucleus tend to

X-rays are similar to

The operation of a cloud chamber relies on

A hydrogen atom that emits an alpha particle is a routine occurrence in

When the nucleus of an atom emits only a gamma ray, the atom's atomic number

When an element undergoes nuclear transmutation, the result is a completely different

X-rays may be correctly regarded as

Most of the radioactivity we personally encounter originates from

A sample of highly-radioactive material is somewhat

When U-238 emits an alpha particle, the resulting nucleus has

A magnetic field is applied to a cloud chamber for the purpose of

The helium in a child's balloon is composed of

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