Question 1

An element will decay to an element with higher atomic number in the periodic table if it emits

Accepted Answer

A) a beta particle. 
B) a gamma ray. 
C) a proton. 
D) an alpha particle. 
E) none of the above 
A) a beta particle. 
B) a gamma ray. 
C) a proton. 
D) an alpha particle. 
E) none of the above

Question 2

When the nucleus of an atom emits an alpha particle, the atom's atomic number

Accepted Answer

A) decreases. 
B) remains unchanged. 
C) increases. 
A) decreases. 
B) remains unchanged. 
C) increases.

Question 3

The main source of Earth's natural heat is

Accepted Answer

A) molten-hot lava. 
B) pressure on Earth's interior. 
C) radioactivity in Earth's interior. 
D) solar energy in the form of fossil fuels. 
A) molten-hot lava. 
B) pressure on Earth's interior. 
C) radioactivity in Earth's interior. 
D) solar energy in the form of fossil fuels.

Question 4

Which radiation has no association with electric charge?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 5

X-rays are emitted by way of

Accepted Answer

A) ionizing radiation. 
B) transitions within an atom's innermost electrons. 
C) transitions within the atomic nucleus. 
D) none of the above 
A) ionizing radiation. 
B) transitions within an atom's innermost electrons. 
C) transitions within the atomic nucleus. 
D) none of the above

Question 6

When a nucleus emits a positron, its atomic number

Accepted Answer

A) increases by 1. 
B) decreases by 1. 
C) doesn't change. 
A) increases by 1. 
B) decreases by 1. 
C) doesn't change.

Question 7

A certain radioactive isotope placed near a Geiger counter registers 120 counts per minute. If the half-life of the isotope is one day, what will be the count rate at the end of four days?

Accepted Answer

A) 30 counts/min 
B) 15 counts/min 
C) 10 counts/min 
D) 7.5 counts/min 
E) 5 counts/min 
A) 30 counts/min 
B) 15 counts/min 
C) 10 counts/min 
D) 7.5 counts/min 
E) 5 counts/min

Question 8

When a nucleus emits a beta particle, its atomic number

Accepted Answer

A) increases by 1. 
B) decreases by 1. 
C) increases by 2. 
D) decreases by 2. 
E) none of the above 
A) increases by 1. 
B) decreases by 1. 
C) increases by 2. 
D) decreases by 2. 
E) none of the above

Question 9

In which of these processes is an element transformed into a completely different element?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha decay 
B) beta decay 
C) both of these 
D) none of the above 
A) alpha decay 
B) beta decay 
C) both of these 
D) none of the above

Question 10

When uranium emits an alpha particle, the result is

Accepted Answer

A) thorium. 
B) protactinium. 
C) neptunium. 
D) none of the above 
A) thorium. 
B) protactinium. 
C) neptunium. 
D) none of the above

Question 11

Which nucleus has the greatest neutron/proton ratio?

Accepted Answer

A) iron 
B) gold 
C) thorium 
D) uranium 
A) iron 
B) gold 
C) thorium 
D) uranium

Question 12

The mass of an atomic nucleon is nearly

Accepted Answer

A) twice that of an electron. 
B) four times that of an electron. 
C) a thousand times that of an electron. 
D) two thousand times that of an electron. 
A) twice that of an electron. 
B) four times that of an electron. 
C) a thousand times that of an electron. 
D) two thousand times that of an electron.

Question 13

The radioactive half-life of a material is the time for

Accepted Answer

A) half of an original quantity of the material to decay. 
B) its decay rate to reduce to half. 
C) both of these 
D) neither of these 
A) half of an original quantity of the material to decay. 
B) its decay rate to reduce to half. 
C) both of these 
D) neither of these

Question 14

Which experiences the least electrical force in an electric field?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) electron 
D) gamma ray 
E) all the same 
A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) electron 
D) gamma ray 
E) all the same

Question 15

A Geiger counter placed 1 meter from a point source of radiation registers 100 counts per minute. If the Geiger counter is moved closer, half-way to the source, the counting rate will be

Accepted Answer

A) 25 counts/min. 
B) 50 counts/min. 
C) 100 counts/min. 
D) 200 counts/min. 
E) 400 counts/min. 
A) 25 counts/min. 
B) 50 counts/min. 
C) 100 counts/min. 
D) 200 counts/min. 
E) 400 counts/min.

Question 16

Which of the following isotopes is radioactive?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbon-12 
B) Carbon-14 
C) both of these 
D) neither of these 
A) Carbon-12 
B) Carbon-14 
C) both of these 
D) neither of these

Question 17

What must you do to get away from the harmful effects of radioactivity?

Accepted Answer

A) live at the North or South Poles. 
B) go deep beneath Earth's surface. 
C) go to the Moon. 
D) die. 
A) live at the North or South Poles. 
B) go deep beneath Earth's surface. 
C) go to the Moon. 
D) die.

Question 18

The half-life of carbon 14 is 5730 years. If a 1-gram sample of old carbon is 1/8 as radioactive as 1-gram of a current sample, then the age of the old sample is about

Accepted Answer

A) 716 years. 
B) 11,500 years. 
C) 17,200 years. 
D) 22,900 years. 
E) 46,000 years. 
A) 716 years. 
B) 11,500 years. 
C) 17,200 years. 
D) 22,900 years. 
E) 46,000 years.

Question 19

When radium (A = 88)emits an alpha particle, the resulting nucleus has atomic number

Accepted Answer

A) 86. 
B) 88. 
C) 90. 
D) 92. 
E) none of the above 
A) 86. 
B) 88. 
C) 90. 
D) 92. 
E) none of the above

Question 20

Some charged particles in a bubble chamber are seen to move in spirals due to

Accepted Answer

A) decreasing magnetic field. 
B) decreasing electric charge. 
C) perspective and parallax. 
D) energy dissipation. 
A) decreasing magnetic field. 
B) decreasing electric charge. 
C) perspective and parallax. 
D) energy dissipation.

Exam 33: Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

An element will decay to an element with higher atomic number in the periodic table if it emits

When the nucleus of an atom emits an alpha particle, the atom's atomic number

The main source of Earth's natural heat is

Which radiation has no association with electric charge?

X-rays are emitted by way of

When a nucleus emits a positron, its atomic number

A certain radioactive isotope placed near a Geiger counter registers 120 counts per minute. If the half-life of the isotope is one day, what will be the count rate at the end of four days?

When a nucleus emits a beta particle, its atomic number

In which of these processes is an element transformed into a completely different element?

When uranium emits an alpha particle, the result is

Which nucleus has the greatest neutron/proton ratio?

The mass of an atomic nucleon is nearly

The radioactive half-life of a material is the time for

Which experiences the least electrical force in an electric field?

A Geiger counter placed 1 meter from a point source of radiation registers 100 counts per minute. If the Geiger counter is moved closer, half-way to the source, the counting rate will be

Which of the following isotopes is radioactive?

What must you do to get away from the harmful effects of radioactivity?

The half-life of carbon 14 is 5730 years. If a 1-gram sample of old carbon is 1/8 as radioactive as 1-gram of a current sample, then the age of the old sample is about

When radium (A = 88)emits an alpha particle, the resulting nucleus has atomic number

Some charged particles in a bubble chamber are seen to move in spirals due to

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