Question 1

What role did women play in the early Church? Why did this role change?

Accepted Answer

Jesus had included women among his close

Question 2

Once Constantine I and his successors had converted to Christianity:

Accepted Answer

A)  they never looked back to paganism. 
B)  government employees and soldiers in the Roman army soon converted also. 
C)  Rome began a series of crusades to convert all nonbelievers in the empire. 
D)  the main points of doctrine were settled,and a harmonious age began. 
E)  it gained power and was designated the only official religion by Theodosius. 
A)  they never looked back to paganism. 
B)  government employees and soldiers in the Roman army soon converted also. 
C)  Rome began a series of crusades to convert all nonbelievers in the empire. 
D)  the main points of doctrine were settled,and a harmonious age began. 
E)  it gained power and was designated the only official religion by Theodosius.

Question 3

Why was the Gothic invasion of 476 so successful?

Accepted Answer

The failure to repel the Gothic invasion

Question 4

Once the Christian Church gained ascendancy in the Roman Empire,it seemed as though relations with non-Christians would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  in keeping with the Christian tradition of loving one's enemy. 
B)  in keeping with the imperial rule of the emperor as pontifex maximus. 
C)  governed by the rulings of Church councils such as that at Nicea. 
D)  governed by a policy of forced conversions. 
E)  in keeping with the stoic ideal of Marcus Aurelius by regarding everyone as equal. 
A)  in keeping with the Christian tradition of loving one's enemy. 
B)  in keeping with the imperial rule of the emperor as pontifex maximus. 
C)  governed by the rulings of Church councils such as that at Nicea. 
D)  governed by a policy of forced conversions. 
E)  in keeping with the stoic ideal of Marcus Aurelius by regarding everyone as equal.

Question 5

When the emperor died in 192 with no heir apparent,civil war once again engulfed the Roman Empire with _________ eventually claiming the throne.

Accepted Answer

A)  Septimius Severus 
B)  Marcus Aurelius 
C)  Antonius Pius 
D)  Aramaic Emesa 
E)  Romulus Augustus 
A)  Septimius Severus 
B)  Marcus Aurelius 
C)  Antonius Pius 
D)  Aramaic Emesa 
E)  Romulus Augustus

Question 6

One result of the Council of Nicea was to:

Accepted Answer

A)  declare Arianism a heresy. 
B)  establish the validity of Church councils. 
C)  establish a means of setting the biblical canon. 
D)  establish the close relationship between Church and emperor. 
E)  all of these 
A)  declare Arianism a heresy. 
B)  establish the validity of Church councils. 
C)  establish a means of setting the biblical canon. 
D)  establish the close relationship between Church and emperor. 
E)  all of these

Question 7

Historians now refer to the period from 284 to 610 C.E.as Late Antiquity because:

Accepted Answer

A)  while the western half of the empire had fallen,the eastern Roman Empire was still flourishing. 
B)  it is a period with its own themes and developments,neither wholly Roman and not yet medieval. 
C)  all Roman institutions had been abandoned or destroyed. 
D)  the term Dark Ages refers only to the literature of the period contrasted with classical literature. 
E)  while the eastern part of the empire had fallen,the western Roman Empire was still flourishing. 
A)  while the western half of the empire had fallen,the eastern Roman Empire was still flourishing. 
B)  it is a period with its own themes and developments,neither wholly Roman and not yet medieval. 
C)  all Roman institutions had been abandoned or destroyed. 
D)  the term Dark Ages refers only to the literature of the period contrasted with classical literature. 
E)  while the eastern part of the empire had fallen,the western Roman Empire was still flourishing.

Question 8

Augustine's Confessions is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a series of explanations of his actions throughout his life. 
B)  a book detailing his actions as a young man and asking his mother for forgiveness. 
C)  an account of Augustine's defense at his trial for heresy. 
D)  a series of autobiographical essays directed toward God. 
E)  a book that set forth the doctrines of the Church. 
A)  a series of explanations of his actions throughout his life. 
B)  a book detailing his actions as a young man and asking his mother for forgiveness. 
C)  an account of Augustine's defense at his trial for heresy. 
D)  a series of autobiographical essays directed toward God. 
E)  a book that set forth the doctrines of the Church.

Question 9

The crisis of the early third century was precipitated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the harmonious state of affairs created by the rule of the Five Good Emperors. 
B)  none of the Five Good Emperors having a male heir to whom to leave the throne. 
C)  the economic collapse of the Roman Empire in 180 caused by the death of Marcus Aurelius. 
D)  the retreat from the eastern frontier and violent tendencies of Hadrian's successor,Commodus. 
E)  the retreat from the eastern frontier and violent tendencies of Marcus Aurelius's son,Commodus. 
A)  the harmonious state of affairs created by the rule of the Five Good Emperors. 
B)  none of the Five Good Emperors having a male heir to whom to leave the throne. 
C)  the economic collapse of the Roman Empire in 180 caused by the death of Marcus Aurelius. 
D)  the retreat from the eastern frontier and violent tendencies of Hadrian's successor,Commodus. 
E)  the retreat from the eastern frontier and violent tendencies of Marcus Aurelius's son,Commodus.

Question 10

Economic reforms introduced by the early fourth century Roman Empire included:

Accepted Answer

A)  a single paper currency that could be used throughout the empire. 
B)  legislation allowing agricultural and urban workers to change their jobs. 
C)  further cutbacks in military spending to meet the budget. 
D)  wage and price controls fixed by the government. 
E)  tax cuts for businesses and a rudimentary form of retirement pensions. 
A)  a single paper currency that could be used throughout the empire. 
B)  legislation allowing agricultural and urban workers to change their jobs. 
C)  further cutbacks in military spending to meet the budget. 
D)  wage and price controls fixed by the government. 
E)  tax cuts for businesses and a rudimentary form of retirement pensions.

Question 11

By the end of the third century,the involvement of women in the Church had:

Accepted Answer

A)  grown to the point of women occupying many of the new bishoprics created in the empire. 
B)  changed little from the early days of the Church,with women in a few positions of power. 
C)  changed little from the early days of the Church,but now women could become priests. 
D)  remained exactly the same,with women continuing as deacons and other positions of power. 
E)  shrunk to the point that they were completely excluded from all positions of power. 
A)  grown to the point of women occupying many of the new bishoprics created in the empire. 
B)  changed little from the early days of the Church,with women in a few positions of power. 
C)  changed little from the early days of the Church,but now women could become priests. 
D)  remained exactly the same,with women continuing as deacons and other positions of power. 
E)  shrunk to the point that they were completely excluded from all positions of power.

Question 12

Constantine made Christianity the sole religion of the empire in 316 C.E.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

During the third century,Rome underwent a prolonged period that came very close to destroying the empire.This period is known as the time of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  "Pax Romana," when the Huns sacked Rome. 
B)  "quickening," when the bureaucratic changes came rapidly. 
C)  "Five Bad Emperors," when Rome had the worst emperors in its history. 
D)  "Augustan decay," when all the reforms of Marcus Aurelius were implemented. 
E)  "Barracks Emperors," when Rome had twenty-six emperors in about fifty years. 
A)  "Pax Romana," when the Huns sacked Rome. 
B)  "quickening," when the bureaucratic changes came rapidly. 
C)  "Five Bad Emperors," when Rome had the worst emperors in its history. 
D)  "Augustan decay," when all the reforms of Marcus Aurelius were implemented. 
E)  "Barracks Emperors," when Rome had twenty-six emperors in about fifty years.

Question 14

Which statement best describes the position of the Sadducees in Palestine during the first century C.E.?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Sadducees believed that interpretation of religious law was for the temple priesthood. 
B)  The Sadducees rejected the authority of the Romans and refused their assistance in selecting new high priests for the Temple. 
C)  The Sadducees believed in life after death and a system of individual rewards and punishments. 
D)  The Sadducees were among the first and most enthusiastic converts to Christianity. 
E)  all of these 
A)  The Sadducees believed that interpretation of religious law was for the temple priesthood. 
B)  The Sadducees rejected the authority of the Romans and refused their assistance in selecting new high priests for the Temple. 
C)  The Sadducees believed in life after death and a system of individual rewards and punishments. 
D)  The Sadducees were among the first and most enthusiastic converts to Christianity. 
E)  all of these

Question 15

Many Greek philosophies gained large numbers of Roman adherents and shared several tenets,but the one that was instrumental in influencing Christian theology was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Neoplatonism. 
B)  Skepticism. 
C)  Stoicism. 
D)  Epicureanism. 
E)  Pythagoreanism. 
A)  Neoplatonism. 
B)  Skepticism. 
C)  Stoicism. 
D)  Epicureanism. 
E)  Pythagoreanism.

Question 16

Jerome's most lasting contribution to Western Christian culture was:

Accepted Answer

A)  his translation of the Bible into Latin. 
B)  his support for monasticism. 
C)  his translations of Greek philosophical works. 
D)  his support for the authority of the pope. 
E)  the humble piety he brought to the papacy. 
A)  his translation of the Bible into Latin. 
B)  his support for monasticism. 
C)  his translations of Greek philosophical works. 
D)  his support for the authority of the pope. 
E)  the humble piety he brought to the papacy.

Question 17

By 300 C.E.,Christians numbered no more than 5 percent of the population of the Roman Empire; one reason for this might be due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  eastern mystery religions holding a much greater appeal for ordinary people. 
B)  the Manicheans who served in the army and persecuted Christians. 
C)  Diocletian's policy of persecution of any group deemed to be subversive. 
D)  the emperor converting to Zoroastrianism and outlawing all other religions. 
E)  all of these 
A)  eastern mystery religions holding a much greater appeal for ordinary people. 
B)  the Manicheans who served in the army and persecuted Christians. 
C)  Diocletian's policy of persecution of any group deemed to be subversive. 
D)  the emperor converting to Zoroastrianism and outlawing all other religions. 
E)  all of these

Question 18

The traditional date for the fall of Rome is:

Accepted Answer

A)  526 C.E.,when Emperor Theodore died. 
B)  476 C.E.,when Odovacer toppled Emperor Romulus Augustulus. 
C)  410 C.E.,when Alaric sacked the city of Rome. 
D)  312 C.E.,when Constantine defeated Emperor Maxentius. 
E)  284 C.E.,when Diocletian reorganized the empire. 
A)  526 C.E.,when Emperor Theodore died. 
B)  476 C.E.,when Odovacer toppled Emperor Romulus Augustulus. 
C)  410 C.E.,when Alaric sacked the city of Rome. 
D)  312 C.E.,when Constantine defeated Emperor Maxentius. 
E)  284 C.E.,when Diocletian reorganized the empire.

Question 19

The Christian label for non-Christians is indicative of its:

Accepted Answer

A)  Roman origin. 
B)  Jewish origin. 
C)  rural origin. 
D)  urban origin. 
E)  Byzantine origin. 
A)  Roman origin. 
B)  Jewish origin. 
C)  rural origin. 
D)  urban origin. 
E)  Byzantine origin.

Question 20

As a ruler,Diocletian was known for:

Accepted Answer

A)  sponsoring new Roman colonies in North Africa. 
B)  supporting individual freedom,as shown by his title dominos. 
C)  military regimentation in everything he did. 
D)  separating military from civilian chains of command. 
E)  ending the gladiatorial games throughout the empire. 
A)  sponsoring new Roman colonies in North Africa. 
B)  supporting individual freedom,as shown by his title dominos. 
C)  military regimentation in everything he did. 
D)  separating military from civilian chains of command. 
E)  ending the gladiatorial games throughout the empire.

Exam 6: The Transformation of Rome

What role did women play in the early Church? Why did this role change?

Once Constantine I and his successors had converted to Christianity:

Why was the Gothic invasion of 476 so successful?

Once the Christian Church gained ascendancy in the Roman Empire,it seemed as though relations with non-Christians would be:

When the emperor died in 192 with no heir apparent,civil war once again engulfed the Roman Empire with _________ eventually claiming the throne.

One result of the Council of Nicea was to:

Historians now refer to the period from 284 to 610 C.E.as Late Antiquity because:

Augustine's Confessions is:

The crisis of the early third century was precipitated by:

Economic reforms introduced by the early fourth century Roman Empire included:

By the end of the third century,the involvement of women in the Church had:

Constantine made Christianity the sole religion of the empire in 316 C.E.

During the third century,Rome underwent a prolonged period that came very close to destroying the empire.This period is known as the time of the:

Which statement best describes the position of the Sadducees in Palestine during the first century C.E.?

Many Greek philosophies gained large numbers of Roman adherents and shared several tenets,but the one that was instrumental in influencing Christian theology was:

Jerome's most lasting contribution to Western Christian culture was:

By 300 C.E.,Christians numbered no more than 5 percent of the population of the Roman Empire; one reason for this might be due to:

The traditional date for the fall of Rome is:

The Christian label for non-Christians is indicative of its:

As a ruler,Diocletian was known for:

Early Civilizations

Peoples, gods ,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs: 500–950

The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1300

Crisis,unrest,and Opportunity,1300–1500

Commerce,conquest,and Colonization,1300–1600

Renaissance Ideals and Realities,c.1350–1550

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1600

Religion,warfare,and Sovereignty,1540–1660

Absolutism and Empire,1660–1789

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

The Enlightenment

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-century Society

From Restoration to Revolution,1815–1848

What is a Nation? Territories ,states , and Citizens,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil Between the Wars

The Second World War

The Cold War World: Global Politics,economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: the End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World Without Walls: Globalization and the West

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