Exam 29: Nuclear Physics

A nucleus ${}^{N}_{M}$ X undergoes one alpha decay followed by 3 beta-minus decays. (a)What is the resulting nucleus in terms of M and N? (b)If there had been 3 beta-plus decays instead of the beta-minus decays,what would have been the resulting nucleus in terms of M and N?

The decay rate of a radioactive sample decreases from 175 kBq to 12.4 kBq in 18.3 s.What is the half-life of this sample?

A β⁺ particle is also known as

A radioactive isotope of atomic number Z emits a beta-minus particle,and then the daughter nucleus emits a gamma ray.What is the atomic number of the resulting nucleus after both processes?

When a stationary plutonium-239 nucleus decays into a uranium-235 nucleus plus an alpha particle,the energy released in the process is 5.24 MeV.The following masses are known: ${}^{4}_{2}$ He: 4.002603 u $^{235}_{92} U$ : 235.043924 u What is the kinetic energy of the $^{235} _{92} U$ nucleus? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)

What are the mass number,the atomic number,and neutron number for each of the following particles? (a)proton (b)neutron (c)alpha particle

When an unstable nucleus decays by emitting an alpha particle,the atomic mass number A of the nucleus

A 70-kg researcher absorbs 4.5 × $10 ^ { 8 }$ neutrons in a work day,each of energy 1.2 MeV.The relative biological effectiveness (RBE)for these neutrons is 10.What is the equivalent dosage of the radiation exposure for this researcher,in millirem?

Americium-243 has a decay constant of 9.39 × $10^{ - 5}$ $\text { years } - 1$ How long will it take for a sample of americium-243 to lose one-third of its nuclei?

The number of radioactive nuclei in a particular sample decreases to one-eighth of its original number in 9 days.What is the half-life of these nuclei?

A nuclear explosion results in a mass decrease of $2.10 \mathrm {~g} .$ How much energy is released during this explosion? (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s)

The nuclei of ${}^{4}_{2}$ He are also known as

In the radioactive decay equation $^{210}_{84} Po∗ → ^{210}_{84} Po + X$ ,what is X?

Bismuth ${}^{212}_{83}$ Bi is known to be radioactive.The stability of ${}^{212}_{83}$ Bi with respect to alpha,beta-plus and beta-minus decay is to be determined.The following atomic masses are known: ${}^{4}_{2}$ He: 4.002603 u $^{208}_{81} T$ l: 207.981998 u $^{212}_{82} Pb$ : 211.991871 u ${}^{212}_{83}$ Bi: 211.991255 u 212 84 Po: 211.988842 u The ${}^{212}_{83}$ Bi nucleus is

The neutral deuterium atom, ${}^{2}_{1}$ H,has a mass of 2.014102 u; a neutral ordinary hydrogen atom has a mass of 1.007825 u; a neutron has a mass of 1.008665 u; and a proton has a mass of 1.007277 u.What is the binding energy of the deuterium nucleus? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)

A beryllium-8 nucleus at rest undergoes double alpha decay as follows: ${}^{8}_{4}$ Be → ${}^{4}_{2}$ He + ${}^{4}_{2}$ He The known atomic masses are: ${}^{4}_{2}$ He: 4.002603 u ${}^{8}_{4}$ Be: 8.005305 u What is the kinetic energy of each departing alpha particle? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)

The carbon in our bodies was formed in nuclear reactions in long-dead stars.How much energy was released when the right number of ⁴He nuclei combined to make ^{12C? The mass of 4He is 3728.40 MeV/c2 and the mass of 12C is 11,177.93 MeV/c2.}

Consider the nuclear reaction ${}^{14}_{7}$ N + ${}^{4}_{2}$ He → ${}^{17}_{8}$ O + ${}^{1}_{1}$ H.The known atomic masses are ${}^{14}_{7}$ N: 14.003074 u ${}^{4}_{2}$ He: 4.002603 u ${}^{1}_{1}$ H: 1.007825 u ${}^{17}_{8}$ O: 16.999131 u What is the Q-value (or reaction energy)of this reaction? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)

An air sample is contaminated with ¹⁵O,which has a half-life of 2.03 minutes.You can pass it through a long pipe to allow it to decay until it can be safely released into the atmosphere.If the speed of the gas in the pipe is 1.1 m/s,how long must the pipeline be for the sample to decay to 3.0% of its original activity?

The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of what particles in the nucleus?