Question 1

How long will it take a 4.50-kBq sample of material to reach an activity level of 0.140 kBq if the half-life of the sample is 435 years?

Accepted Answer

A) 14,478 years 
B) 3245 years 
C) 2178 years 
D) 1993 years 
A) 14,478 years 
B) 3245 years 
C) 2178 years 
D) 1993 years

Question 2

If the half-life of a material is 45 years,how much of it will be left after 100 years?

Accepted Answer

A) more than 1/2 
B) less than 1/2 but more than 1/4 
C) more than 1/4 but less than 1/2 
D) less than 1/4 but more than 1/8 
E) less than 1/8 
A) more than 1/2 
B) less than 1/2 but more than 1/4 
C) more than 1/4 but less than 1/2 
D) less than 1/4 but more than 1/8 
E) less than 1/8

Question 3

Starting with $^{235} 
_{92} U$,assume that the following three decays occur in sequence:
(1)alpha decay
(2)beta-minus decay
(3)alpha decay
Determine the correct isotope that is left after each decay.

Accepted Answer

None

Question 4

The symbol for a certain isotope of strontium is ${}^{90}_{38}$ Sr.What is the mass number of this isotope?

Accepted Answer

A) 38 
B) 52 
C) 88 
D) 90 
E) 128 
A) 38 
B) 52 
C) 88 
D) 90 
E) 128

Question 5

Carbon-14 decays by β- emission.What nucleus is left after this decay?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon-13 
B) carbon-14 
C) carbon-15 
D) nitrogen-14 
E) nitrogen-15 
A) carbon-13 
B) carbon-14 
C) carbon-15 
D) nitrogen-14 
E) nitrogen-15

Question 6

A thallium source with a half-life of 3.7 years was certified at 10 kBq ten years ago.What is its activity now?

Accepted Answer

A) 4.7 kBq 
B) 3.3 kBq 
C) 1.5 kBq 
D) 1.0 kBq 
A) 4.7 kBq 
B) 3.3 kBq 
C) 1.5 kBq 
D) 1.0 kBq

Question 7

The symbol for a certain isotope of radium is $^{226}
_{88} Ra$.How many nucleons are there in the nucleus of this isotope?

Accepted Answer

A) 88 
B) 138 
C) 214 
D) 226 
E) 314 
A) 88 
B) 138 
C) 214 
D) 226 
E) 314

Question 8

A radioactive substance with a half-life of 3.0 days has an initial activity of 2400 Bq.What is its activity after 6.0 days?

Accepted Answer

A) 1200 Bq 
B) 1800 Bq 
C) 600 Bq 
D) 300 Bq 
E) 150 Bq 
A) 1200 Bq 
B) 1800 Bq 
C) 600 Bq 
D) 300 Bq 
E) 150 Bq

Question 9

A test tube of an isotope having a decay constant of 0.765 × $10 ^{- 6}$ $\mathrm { s } ^ { - 1 }$ contains 3.0 × $10^{17}$ nuclei of this isotope.
(a)What is the half-life of this isotope?
(b)What is the initial activity (in Bq)of the isotope?
(c)What is the activity of the isotope after 12 days?

Accepted Answer

(a)9.06 ×

Question 10

The atomic number and mass number for calcium-39 are 20 and 39,respectively.How many neutrons are in one atom?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 19 
C) 20 
D) 39 
E) 59 
A) 1 
B) 19 
C) 20 
D) 39 
E) 59

Question 11

If a Σ- particle at rest decays into a neutron and a π- ,what is the total kinetic energy of the decay products? The masses of Σ-,neutron,and π- are 1197 MeV/c2,940 MeV/c2,and 140 MeV/c2,respectively.

Accepted Answer

Question 12

The chief hazard of radiation damage to living cells is

Accepted Answer

A) due to heating. 
B) due to ionization. 
C) due to the creation of chemical impurities. 
D) the creation of new isotopes within the body. 
E) the creation of radioactive material within the body. 
A) due to heating. 
B) due to ionization. 
C) due to the creation of chemical impurities. 
D) the creation of new isotopes within the body. 
E) the creation of radioactive material within the body.

Question 13

The decay constant of radon-222 is 0.181 d-1.If a sample of radon initially contains 6.00 × 108 radon atoms,how many of them are left after 10.0 d?

Accepted Answer

A) 9.82 × $10^7$ 
B) 7.67 × $10^7$ 
C) 8.34 × $10 ^ { 8 }$ 
D) 7.29 × $10 ^ { 8 }$ 
E) 8.56 × $10 ^ { 8 }$ 
A) 9.82 × $10^7$ 
B) 7.67 × $10^7$ 
C) 8.34 × $10 ^ { 8 }$ 
D) 7.29 × $10 ^ { 8 }$ 
E) 8.56 × $10 ^ { 8 }$

Question 14

In the nuclear reaction $\begin{array} { c } 
16 \
8
\end{array}$ O + ${}^{1}_{0}$ n → X + ${}^{4}_{2}$ He,what is X?

Accepted Answer

A) 12C 
B) 13C 
C) 14C 
D) 15C 
E) 17O 
A) 12C 
B) 13C 
C) 14C 
D) 15C 
E) 17O

Question 15

The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of what particles in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) protons 
B) neutrons 
C) nucleons 
D) electrons 
E) positrons. 
A) protons 
B) neutrons 
C) nucleons 
D) electrons 
E) positrons.

Question 16

Name the first three isotopes of hydrogen,write their symbols in standard notation,and indicate which one is the most common and which one is the most unstable.

Accepted Answer

@#LAT-DLM& H is ordinary hydrogen, @#LAT-DLM& H is

Question 17

One of the fusion reactions that occurs in the sun is: ${}^{3}_{2}$ He + ${}^{3}_{2}$ He → ${}^{4}_{2}$ He + ${}^{1}_{1}$ H + ${}^{1}_{1}$ H The following atomic masses are known: ${}^{1}_{1}$ H: 1.007825 u ${}^{3}_{2}$ He: 3.016029 u ${}^{4}_{2}$ He: 4.002603 u
What is the reaction energy released in this fusion reaction? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

Accepted Answer

A) 11 MeV 
B) 13 MeV 
C) 15 MeV 
D) 17 MeV 
E) 19 MeV 
A) 11 MeV 
B) 13 MeV 
C) 15 MeV 
D) 17 MeV 
E) 19 MeV

Question 18

In the radioactive decay equation $^{238}
_{92} → ^{234}
_{90} Th$ + X,what is X?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the radioactive decay equation \(^{238}
_{92} →...

Question 19

The activity of a sample reduces from 7.55 × $10 ^ { 9 }$ Bq to 5.11 × $10 ^ { 9 }$ Bq in 5.50 months.
(a)What is its half life?
(b)How many months from the start must one wait for the activity to decrease to 10% of its original value?

Accepted Answer

(a)9.77 mo

Question 20

All nuclei of a given element have the same number of

Accepted Answer

A) neutrons. 
B) protons. 
C) nucleons. 
D) protons + neutrons. 
A) neutrons. 
B) protons. 
C) nucleons. 
D) protons + neutrons.

Exam 29: Nuclear Physics

How long will it take a 4.50-kBq sample of material to reach an activity level of 0.140 kBq if the half-life of the sample is 435 years?

If the half-life of a material is 45 years,how much of it will be left after 100 years?

Starting with 92235U^{235} _{92} U92235​U ,assume that the following three decays occur in sequence: (1)alpha decay (2)beta-minus decay (3)alpha decay Determine the correct isotope that is left after each decay.

The symbol for a certain isotope of strontium is 3890{}^{90}_{38}3890​ Sr.What is the mass number of this isotope?

Carbon-14 decays by β- emission.What nucleus is left after this decay?

A thallium source with a half-life of 3.7 years was certified at 10 kBq ten years ago.What is its activity now?

The symbol for a certain isotope of radium is 88226Ra^{226}_{88} Ra88226​Ra .How many nucleons are there in the nucleus of this isotope?

A radioactive substance with a half-life of 3.0 days has an initial activity of 2400 Bq.What is its activity after 6.0 days?

The atomic number and mass number for calcium-39 are 20 and 39,respectively.How many neutrons are in one atom?

If a Σ- particle at rest decays into a neutron and a π- ,what is the total kinetic energy of the decay products? The masses of Σ-,neutron,and π- are 1197 MeV/c2,940 MeV/c2,and 140 MeV/c2,respectively.

The chief hazard of radiation damage to living cells is

The decay constant of radon-222 is 0.181 d-1.If a sample of radon initially contains 6.00 × 108 radon atoms,how many of them are left after 10.0 d?

In the nuclear reaction 16 8 O + 01{}^{1}_{0}01​ n → X + 24{}^{4}_{2}24​ He,what is X?

The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of what particles in the nucleus?

Name the first three isotopes of hydrogen,write their symbols in standard notation,and indicate which one is the most common and which one is the most unstable.

In the radioactive decay equation 92238→90234Th^{238}_{92} → ^{234}_{90} Th92238​→90234​Th + X,what is X?

The activity of a sample reduces from 7.55 × 10910 ^ { 9 }109 Bq to 5.11 × 10910 ^ { 9 }109 Bq in 5.50 months. (a)What is its half life? (b)How many months from the start must one wait for the activity to decrease to 10% of its original value?

All nuclei of a given element have the same number of

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Starting with $^{235} _{92} U$ ,assume that the following three decays occur in sequence: (1)alpha decay (2)beta-minus decay (3)alpha decay Determine the correct isotope that is left after each decay.

The symbol for a certain isotope of strontium is ${}^{90}_{38}$ Sr.What is the mass number of this isotope?

Carbon-14 decays by β^- emission.What nucleus is left after this decay?

The symbol for a certain isotope of radium is $^{226}_{88} Ra$ .How many nucleons are there in the nucleus of this isotope?

If a Σ^- particle at rest decays into a neutron and a π^- ,what is the total kinetic energy of the decay products? The masses of Σ^-,neutron,and π^- are 1197 MeV/c²,940 MeV/c²,and 140 MeV/c²,respectively.

The decay constant of radon-222 is 0.181 d^-1.If a sample of radon initially contains 6.00 × 10⁸ radon atoms,how many of them are left after 10.0 d?

In the nuclear reaction 16 8 O + ${}^{1}_{0}$ n → X + ${}^{4}_{2}$ He,what is X?

In the radioactive decay equation $^{238}_{92} → ^{234}_{90} Th$ + X,what is X?

The activity of a sample reduces from 7.55 × $10 ^ { 9 }$ Bq to 5.11 × $10 ^ { 9 }$ Bq in 5.50 months. (a)What is its half life? (b)How many months from the start must one wait for the activity to decrease to 10% of its original value?