Question 1

Which of the following are not included in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ego needs. 
B)  Physiological needs. 
C)  Safety and security needs. 
D)  All of the above are included. 
A)  Ego needs. 
B)  Physiological needs. 
C)  Safety and security needs. 
D)  All of the above are included.

Question 2

A woman who cannot afford an Omega watch may convince herself that a Swatch watch has an image she clearly prefers. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  failure. 
B)  change in taste. 
C)  frustration. 
D)  substitute goal. 
A)  failure. 
B)  change in taste. 
C)  frustration. 
D)  substitute goal.

Question 3

Negative goals are also referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  prepotent needs. 
B)  defence mechanisms. 
C)  avoidance objects. 
D)  personal goals. 
A)  prepotent needs. 
B)  defence mechanisms. 
C)  avoidance objects. 
D)  personal goals.

Question 4

Affection, friendship and belonging are social needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

An individual leaves a major corporation so he can run his own business and have more freedom and control in his life. This deals with Maslow's:

Accepted Answer

A)  ego needs. 
B)  physiological needs 
C)  self-actualisation. 
D)  social needs. 
A)  ego needs. 
B)  physiological needs 
C)  self-actualisation. 
D)  social needs.

Question 6

Give an example of a generic goal and an example of a product-specific goal.

Accepted Answer

Here the student may cite any

Question 7

An advertisement run during winter that portrays a family comfortably inside their home, eating warm food in front of a gas fire is using _______ arousal to stimulate a need.

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional 
B)  environmental 
C)  cognitive 
D)  physiological 
A)  emotional 
B)  environmental 
C)  cognitive 
D)  physiological

Question 8

Motivation is a highly dynamic construct that is constantly changing in reaction to life experiences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A young female university student with an average income who dreams of a luxurious life spends a day with some friends at a luxurious day spa for a special occasion. She is displaying the defence mechanism of:

Accepted Answer

A)  repression. 
B)  projection. 
C)  identification. 
D)  escapism. 
A)  repression. 
B)  projection. 
C)  identification. 
D)  escapism.

Question 10

A man may decide to quit smoking in order to avoid lung cancer later in his life. In addition to this he also wants to get rid of a cough and please his wife who disapproves of his smoking. The initial need that caused him to motivate to quit is called the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary need. 
B)  main goal. 
C)  prepotent need. 
D)  health need. 
A)  primary need. 
B)  main goal. 
C)  prepotent need. 
D)  health need.

Question 11

Social welfare agencies, which find foster homes for children, attempt to ensure the children's _______ (as classified by Maslow) are met.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-fulfilment needs 
B)  safety and security needs 
C)  social needs 
D)  ego needs 
A)  self-fulfilment needs 
B)  safety and security needs 
C)  social needs 
D)  ego needs

Question 12

The smell of food often arouses the awareness of hunger. This is an example of an environmental arousal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Goals can be defined as internal representations of desired states.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

When an individual fails to achieve an objective and redefines the situation to be more consistent with his/her self-image, then this person is:

Accepted Answer

A)  using a substitute goal. 
B)  using a defence mechanism. 
C)  experiencing frustration. 
D)  raising his/her level of aspiration. 
A)  using a substitute goal. 
B)  using a defence mechanism. 
C)  experiencing frustration. 
D)  raising his/her level of aspiration.

Question 15

Some psychologists believe in the existence of a trio of needs. Which of the following is not one of those basic needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Need for power. 
B)  Need for affiliation. 
C)  Need for security. 
D)  Need for achievement. 
A)  Need for power. 
B)  Need for affiliation. 
C)  Need for security. 
D)  Need for achievement.

Question 16

The greatest benefit of operating by the marketing concept is marketers:

Accepted Answer

A)  will understand that diversity exists. 
B)  will find a ready market for their products. 
C)  can determine the best way to create needs. 
D)  may be able to identify previously filled needs. 
A)  will understand that diversity exists. 
B)  will find a ready market for their products. 
C)  can determine the best way to create needs. 
D)  may be able to identify previously filled needs.

Question 17

Positive goals are also referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidance objects. 
B)  approach objects. 
C)  defence mechanisms. 
D)  prepotent needs. 
A)  avoidance objects. 
B)  approach objects. 
C)  defence mechanisms. 
D)  prepotent needs.

Question 18

According to Maslow's Needs Hierarchy, friendship and belonging are examples of social needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Continued deprivation of a primary goal may result in the substitute goal assuming primary goal status.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A consumer's behaviour often fulfils more than one need. In fact, goals are usually selected because they fulfil several needs. However, there is one overriding need that initiates behaviour, and it is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  primary need. 
B)  prepotent need. 
C)  dominant need. 
D)  approach goal. 
A)  primary need. 
B)  prepotent need. 
C)  dominant need. 
D)  approach goal.

Which of the following are not included in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

A woman who cannot afford an Omega watch may convince herself that a Swatch watch has an image she clearly prefers. This is an example of:

Negative goals are also referred to as:

Affection, friendship and belonging are social needs.

An individual leaves a major corporation so he can run his own business and have more freedom and control in his life. This deals with Maslow's:

Give an example of a generic goal and an example of a product-specific goal.

An advertisement run during winter that portrays a family comfortably inside their home, eating warm food in front of a gas fire is using _______ arousal to stimulate a need.

Motivation is a highly dynamic construct that is constantly changing in reaction to life experiences.

A young female university student with an average income who dreams of a luxurious life spends a day with some friends at a luxurious day spa for a special occasion. She is displaying the defence mechanism of:

A man may decide to quit smoking in order to avoid lung cancer later in his life. In addition to this he also wants to get rid of a cough and please his wife who disapproves of his smoking. The initial need that caused him to motivate to quit is called the _______.

Social welfare agencies, which find foster homes for children, attempt to ensure the children's _______ (as classified by Maslow) are met.

The smell of food often arouses the awareness of hunger. This is an example of an environmental arousal.

Goals can be defined as internal representations of desired states.

When an individual fails to achieve an objective and redefines the situation to be more consistent with his/her self-image, then this person is:

Some psychologists believe in the existence of a trio of needs. Which of the following is not one of those basic needs?

The greatest benefit of operating by the marketing concept is marketers:

Positive goals are also referred to as:

According to Maslow's Needs Hierarchy, friendship and belonging are examples of social needs.

Continued deprivation of a primary goal may result in the substitute goal assuming primary goal status.

A consumer's behaviour often fulfils more than one need. In fact, goals are usually selected because they fulfil several needs. However, there is one overriding need that initiates behaviour, and it is called the:

The foundations of consumer behaviour

Market segmentation: segmenting, targeting and positioning for diverse

Personality and self-concept

Consumer perception

Consumer learning and involvement

Consumer attitudes—attitude development and change

Social influences on consumer behaviour

The family

Social class and consumer behaviour

The influence of culture on consumer behaviour

Subcultural aspects of consumer behaviour

Cross-cultural consumer behaviour: An international perspective

Decision making

Consumer influence and diffusion of innovations

Public policy and consumer protection

Filters

Exam 3: Consumer needs and motivation

Which of the following are not included in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

A woman who cannot afford an Omega watch may convince herself that a Swatch watch has an image she clearly prefers. This is an example of:

Negative goals are also referred to as:

Affection, friendship and belonging are social needs.

An individual leaves a major corporation so he can run his own business and have more freedom and control in his life. This deals with Maslow's:

Give an example of a generic goal and an example of a product-specific goal.

An advertisement run during winter that portrays a family comfortably inside their home, eating warm food in front of a gas fire is using _______ arousal to stimulate a need.

Motivation is a highly dynamic construct that is constantly changing in reaction to life experiences.

A young female university student with an average income who dreams of a luxurious life spends a day with some friends at a luxurious day spa for a special occasion. She is displaying the defence mechanism of:

A man may decide to quit smoking in order to avoid lung cancer later in his life. In addition to this he also wants to get rid of a cough and please his wife who disapproves of his smoking. The initial need that caused him to motivate to quit is called the _______.

Social welfare agencies, which find foster homes for children, attempt to ensure the children's _______ (as classified by Maslow) are met.

The smell of food often arouses the awareness of hunger. This is an example of an environmental arousal.

Goals can be defined as internal representations of desired states.

When an individual fails to achieve an objective and redefines the situation to be more consistent with his/her self-image, then this person is:

Some psychologists believe in the existence of a trio of needs. Which of the following is not one of those basic needs?

The greatest benefit of operating by the marketing concept is marketers:

Positive goals are also referred to as:

According to Maslow's Needs Hierarchy, friendship and belonging are examples of social needs.

Continued deprivation of a primary goal may result in the substitute goal assuming primary goal status.

A consumer's behaviour often fulfils more than one need. In fact, goals are usually selected because they fulfil several needs. However, there is one overriding need that initiates behaviour, and it is called the:

The foundations of consumer behaviour

Market segmentation: segmenting, targeting and positioning for diverse

Personality and self-concept

Consumer perception

Consumer learning and involvement

Consumer attitudes—attitude development and change

Social influences on consumer behaviour

The family

Social class and consumer behaviour

The influence of culture on consumer behaviour

Subcultural aspects of consumer behaviour

Cross-cultural consumer behaviour: An international perspective

Decision making

Consumer influence and diffusion of innovations

Public policy and consumer protection

Filters