Question 1

Each of the three naturally occurring radioactive series start with one of the following isotopes except for which one?

Accepted Answer

A) 238U 
B) 235U 
C) 232Th 
D) 237Np 
A) 238U 
B) 235U 
C) 232Th 
D) 237Np

Question 2

Over the course of 2.0 hours,44% of a radioactive material decays.What is its half-life?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.45 hrs 
B) 2.39 hrs 
C) 1.12 hrs 
D) 0.88 hrs 
E) ​1.69 hrs 
A) 3.45 hrs 
B) 2.39 hrs 
C) 1.12 hrs 
D) 0.88 hrs 
E) ​1.69 hrs

Question 3

The beta radiation first classified by Rutherford was in fact which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) helium nuclei 
B) high energy quanta 
C) electrons 
D) positrons 
A) helium nuclei 
B) high energy quanta 
C) electrons 
D) positrons

Question 4

A radioactive isotope that emits an alpha particle will change in what respect?

Accepted Answer

A) Atomic number decreases by four. 
B) Mass number decreases by four. 
C) Both choices a and b are valid. 
D) None of the above choices are valid. 
A) Atomic number decreases by four. 
B) Mass number decreases by four. 
C) Both choices a and b are valid. 
D) None of the above choices are valid.

Question 5

Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of the tritium nucleus,  
,given that the mass of the tritium nucleus is 3.016 05 u.(mp = 1.007 276 u,mn = 1.008 665,and 1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

Accepted Answer

A) 2.24 MeV/nucleon 
B) 2.45 MeV/nucleon 
C) 2.66 MeV/nucleon 
D) 2.86 MeV/nucleon 
A) 2.24 MeV/nucleon 
B) 2.45 MeV/nucleon 
C) 2.66 MeV/nucleon 
D) 2.86 MeV/nucleon

Question 6

The gamma radiation first classified by Rutherford was in fact which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) helium nuclei 
B) high energy quanta 
C) electrons 
D) positrons 
A) helium nuclei 
B) high energy quanta 
C) electrons 
D) positrons

Question 7

Tritium (3H)has a half-life of 12.3 years and releases 0.018 6 MeV energy per decay.What is the activity of a 1.4-gram sample of tritium? (NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol-1,1 year = 3.16 × 107 s,1 MeV = 1.6 × 10-13 J,and mt = 3.016 05 u)

Accepted Answer

A) 9.3E+12 Bq 
B) 1.5E+26 Bq 
C) 5.0E+14 Bq 
D) 5.8E-1 Bq 
E) ​1.7E+3 Bq 
A) 9.3E+12 Bq 
B) 1.5E+26 Bq 
C) 5.0E+14 Bq 
D) 5.8E-1 Bq 
E) ​1.7E+3 Bq

Question 8

Two different nuclei emit alpha particles,the energy released in each of these decays being the same.Which of the following has the highest resulting kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

A) The lighter daughter nucleus. 
B) The heavier daughter nucleus. 
C) The alpha particle from the lighter nucleus. 
D) The alpha particle from the heavier nucleus. 
A) The lighter daughter nucleus. 
B) The heavier daughter nucleus. 
C) The alpha particle from the lighter nucleus. 
D) The alpha particle from the heavier nucleus.

Question 9

Of the main types of radiation emitted from naturally radioactive isotopes,which of the following is the most penetrating?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta (electron) 
C) gamma 
D) beta (positron) 
A) alpha 
B) beta (electron) 
C) gamma 
D) beta (positron)

Question 10

The beta emission process results in the daughter nucleus differing in what manner from the parent?

Accepted Answer

A) Atomic mass changes by one. 
B) Atomic number changes by two. 
C) Atomic number changes by one. 
D) Atomic mass changes by two. 
A) Atomic mass changes by one. 
B) Atomic number changes by two. 
C) Atomic number changes by one. 
D) Atomic mass changes by two.

Question 11

The neutron is radioactive and can beta decay to form a proton.This can occur primarily because

Accepted Answer

A) the proton has less mass than a neutron. 
B) there are several hydrogen isotopes. 
C) of the binding energy of hydrogen. 
D) the neutron is neutral. 
A) the proton has less mass than a neutron. 
B) there are several hydrogen isotopes. 
C) of the binding energy of hydrogen. 
D) the neutron is neutral.

Question 12

Which of the following is not true for both the photon and the neutrino.

Accepted Answer

A) Both are uncharged. 
B) Both have spin ħ. 
C) Both can carry different amounts of momentum. 
D) Choose this answer if all of the above are true. 
A) Both are uncharged. 
B) Both have spin ħ. 
C) Both can carry different amounts of momentum. 
D) Choose this answer if all of the above are true.

Question 13

What is the energy released (or gained signified by the minus sign)value of the reaction  
? The mass of the alpha particle is 4.002602 u,of the nitrogen is 14.003074 u,of the oxygen is 15.994915 u,and of the hydrogen is 2.014102 u.(1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

Accepted Answer

A) -3.11 MeV 
B) -3.34 MeV 
C) 3.11 MeV 
D) 3.34 MeV 
A) -3.11 MeV 
B) -3.34 MeV 
C) 3.11 MeV 
D) 3.34 MeV

Question 14

A pure sample of 226Ra contains 2.3 × 1013 atoms of the isotope.If the half-life of 226Ra = 1.6 × 103 years,what is the activity of this sample?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.4E+10 decays/yr 
B) 1.0E+10 decays/yr 
C) 3.2E+2 decays/yr 
D) 3.7E+16 decays/yr 
E) ​6.2E+6 decays/yr 
A) 1.4E+10 decays/yr 
B) 1.0E+10 decays/yr 
C) 3.2E+2 decays/yr 
D) 3.7E+16 decays/yr 
E) ​6.2E+6 decays/yr

Question 15

A radioactive sample has an activity R.For which of the following changes would the activity remain unchanged?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​The number of radioactive nuclei in the sample is doubled. 
B) ​The half-life of the radioactive nuclei is doubled. 
C) ​The decay constant is doubled. 
D) ​A time period equal to two half-lives is allowed to elapse. 
E) ​All of the above changes result in a change in the activity. 
A) ​The number of radioactive nuclei in the sample is doubled. 
B) ​The half-life of the radioactive nuclei is doubled. 
C) ​The decay constant is doubled. 
D) ​A time period equal to two half-lives is allowed to elapse. 
E) ​All of the above changes result in a change in the activity.

Question 16

The isotope 64Zn has a nuclear radius of 4.8 × 10−15 m.Approximately what is the nuclear radius of the isotope 27Al?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.0 × 10−15 m 
B) 2.7 × 10−15 m 
C) 3.6 × 10−15 m 
D) 4.0 × 10−15 m 
A) 2.0 × 10−15 m 
B) 2.7 × 10−15 m 
C) 3.6 × 10−15 m 
D) 4.0 × 10−15 m

Question 17

An element is emitting alpha,beta,and gamma radiation.Rank order them in terms of the thickness of protective shielding they will need for safety,from least to most.

Accepted Answer

A) alpha,beta and gamma 
B) gamma,beta and alpha 
C) beta,gamma and alpha 
D) alpha,gamma and beta 
A) alpha,beta and gamma 
B) gamma,beta and alpha 
C) beta,gamma and alpha 
D) alpha,gamma and beta

Question 18

A radioactive material initially is observed to have an activity of 1 600 decays/s.If six hours later it is observed to have an activity of 400 decays/s,what is its half-life?

Accepted Answer

A) six hours 
B) three hours 
C) twelve hours 
D) seven hours 
E) ​not enough information 
A) six hours 
B) three hours 
C) twelve hours 
D) seven hours 
E) ​not enough information

Question 19

A pure sample of 226Ra contains 1.5 × 1013 atoms of the isotope.If the half-life of 226Ra = 1.6 × 103 years,what is the decay rate of this sample? (1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 decays/s)

Accepted Answer

A) 8.0E-9 Ci 
B) 2.1E+2 Ci 
C) 5.6E-9 Ci 
D) 1.8E-1 Ci 
E) ​2.5E-1 Ci 
A) 8.0E-9 Ci 
B) 2.1E+2 Ci 
C) 5.6E-9 Ci 
D) 1.8E-1 Ci 
E) ​2.5E-1 Ci

Question 20

A particle is fired at a target nucleus in which a reaction that could occur has a negative Q value.Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The kinetic energy of the bombarding particle can be any amount for the reaction to occur. 
B) The kinetic energy of the bombarding particle must be equal to the absolute value of the Q value for the reaction to occur. 
C) The kinetic energy of the bombarding particle was greater than the absolute value of the Q value if the reaction occurred. 
D) The Q value has nothing to do with whether or not the reaction can occur. 
A) The kinetic energy of the bombarding particle can be any amount for the reaction to occur. 
B) The kinetic energy of the bombarding particle must be equal to the absolute value of the Q value for the reaction to occur. 
C) The kinetic energy of the bombarding particle was greater than the absolute value of the Q value if the reaction occurred. 
D) The Q value has nothing to do with whether or not the reaction can occur.

Exam 29: Nuclear Physics

Each of the three naturally occurring radioactive series start with one of the following isotopes except for which one?

Over the course of 2.0 hours,44% of a radioactive material decays.What is its half-life?

The beta radiation first classified by Rutherford was in fact which of the following?

A radioactive isotope that emits an alpha particle will change in what respect?

Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of the tritium nucleus, ,given that the mass of the tritium nucleus is 3.016 05 u.(mp = 1.007 276 u,mn = 1.008 665,and 1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

The gamma radiation first classified by Rutherford was in fact which of the following?

Tritium (3H)has a half-life of 12.3 years and releases 0.018 6 MeV energy per decay.What is the activity of a 1.4-gram sample of tritium? (NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol-1,1 year = 3.16 × 107 s,1 MeV = 1.6 × 10-13 J,and mt = 3.016 05 u)

Two different nuclei emit alpha particles,the energy released in each of these decays being the same.Which of the following has the highest resulting kinetic energy?

Of the main types of radiation emitted from naturally radioactive isotopes,which of the following is the most penetrating?

The beta emission process results in the daughter nucleus differing in what manner from the parent?

The neutron is radioactive and can beta decay to form a proton.This can occur primarily because

Which of the following is not true for both the photon and the neutrino.

What is the energy released (or gained signified by the minus sign)value of the reaction ? The mass of the alpha particle is 4.002602 u,of the nitrogen is 14.003074 u,of the oxygen is 15.994915 u,and of the hydrogen is 2.014102 u.(1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

A pure sample of 226Ra contains 2.3 × 1013 atoms of the isotope.If the half-life of 226Ra = 1.6 × 103 years,what is the activity of this sample?

A radioactive sample has an activity R.For which of the following changes would the activity remain unchanged?​

The isotope 64Zn has a nuclear radius of 4.8 × 10−15 m.Approximately what is the nuclear radius of the isotope 27Al?

An element is emitting alpha,beta,and gamma radiation.Rank order them in terms of the thickness of protective shielding they will need for safety,from least to most.

A radioactive material initially is observed to have an activity of 1 600 decays/s.If six hours later it is observed to have an activity of 400 decays/s,what is its half-life?

A pure sample of 226Ra contains 1.5 × 1013 atoms of the isotope.If the half-life of 226Ra = 1.6 × 103 years,what is the decay rate of this sample? (1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 decays/s)

A particle is fired at a target nucleus in which a reaction that could occur has a negative Q value.Which of the following statements is true?

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Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of the tritium nucleus, ,given that the mass of the tritium nucleus is 3.016 05 u.(m_p = 1.007 276 u,mn = 1.008 665,and 1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)

Tritium (³H)has a half-life of 12.3 years and releases 0.018 6 MeV energy per decay.What is the activity of a 1.4-gram sample of tritium? (N_A = 6.02 × 10²³ mol^-1,1 year = 3.16 × 10⁷ s,1 MeV = 1.6 × 10^-13 J,and m_t = 3.016 05 u)

What is the energy released (or gained signified by the minus sign)value of the reaction ? The mass of the alpha particle is 4.002602 u,of the nitrogen is 14.003074 u,of the oxygen is 15.994915 u,and of the hydrogen is 2.014102 u.(1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)

A pure sample of ²²⁶Ra contains 2.3 × 10¹³ atoms of the isotope.If the half-life of ²²⁶Ra = 1.6 × 10³ years,what is the activity of this sample?

A radioactive sample has an activity R.For which of the following changes would the activity remain unchanged?

The isotope ⁶⁴Zn has a nuclear radius of 4.8 × 10−¹⁵ m.Approximately what is the nuclear radius of the isotope ²⁷Al?

A pure sample of ²²⁶Ra contains 1.5 × 10¹³ atoms of the isotope.If the half-life of ²²⁶Ra = 1.6 × 10³ years,what is the decay rate of this sample? (1 Ci = 3.7 × 10¹⁰ decays/s)