Question 1

Sample #1 is made from an isotope with decay constant  
And sample #2 is made from an isotope with decay constant  
,where  
)Which of the following statements must be true?

Accepted Answer

A) The activity of sample #2 is greater than that of sample #1. 
B) The activity of sample #1 is greater than that of sample #2. 
C) The half-life exhibited for sample #1 is greater than that of sample #2. 
D) The half-life exhibited for sample #2 is greater than that for sample #1 
A) The activity of sample #2 is greater than that of sample #1. 
B) The activity of sample #1 is greater than that of sample #2. 
C) The half-life exhibited for sample #1 is greater than that of sample #2. 
D) The half-life exhibited for sample #2 is greater than that for sample #1

Question 2

A deuteron is captured by an oxygen-16 atom which in turn emits a proton.What is the element and mass number of the product isotope?

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen-15 
B) fluorine-15 
C) nitrogen-15 
D) oxygen-17 
A) oxygen-15 
B) fluorine-15 
C) nitrogen-15 
D) oxygen-17

Question 3

If there are 146 neutrons in 238U,how many neutrons are found in the nucleus of 235U?

Accepted Answer

A) 141 
B) 143 
C) 145 
D) 147 
A) 141 
B) 143 
C) 145 
D) 147

Question 4

Approximately how many radioactive atoms are present in a tritium sample with an activity of 0.20 × 10−6 Ci and a half-life of 12.3 years? (1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 decays/s)

Accepted Answer

A) 1.3E+5 
B) 1.1E+2 
C) 3.5E-6 
D) 4.1E+12 
E) ​2.9E+12 
A) 1.3E+5 
B) 1.1E+2 
C) 3.5E-6 
D) 4.1E+12 
E) ​2.9E+12

Question 5

Rutherford's experiments involving the use of alpha particle beams directed onto thin metal foils demonstrated the existence of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) neutron 
B) proton 
C) nucleus 
D) positron 
A) neutron 
B) proton 
C) nucleus 
D) positron

Question 6

What is the energy released for the reaction where the products are 0.0051 u less than the reactants? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

Accepted Answer

A) 7.6 MeV 
B) 5.2 MeV 
C) 4.8 MeV 
D) 8.5 MeV 
A) 7.6 MeV 
B) 5.2 MeV 
C) 4.8 MeV 
D) 8.5 MeV

Question 7

In the beta decay of 14C,the existence of the antineutrino was required to maintain

Accepted Answer

A) energy conservation. 
B) charge conservation. 
C) conservation of the number of nucleons. 
D) all of the above. 
A) energy conservation. 
B) charge conservation. 
C) conservation of the number of nucleons. 
D) all of the above.

Question 8

Uranium-238 decays to Thorium-234 by emitting which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) beta 
B) alpha 
C) gamma 
D) positron 
A) beta 
B) alpha 
C) gamma 
D) positron

Question 9

The atomic mass number of a nucleus is equivalent to which of the following numbers?

Accepted Answer

A) number of neutrons present 
B) number of protons present 
C) difference in neutron and proton numbers 
D) sum of neutron and proton numbers 
A) number of neutrons present 
B) number of protons present 
C) difference in neutron and proton numbers 
D) sum of neutron and proton numbers

Question 10

The energy released from a nuclear reaction is equal to:

Accepted Answer

A) energy associated with momentum conservation. 
B) the exothermic endothermy. 
C) energy associated with the change in mass. 
D) the total charge involved. 
A) energy associated with momentum conservation. 
B) the exothermic endothermy. 
C) energy associated with the change in mass. 
D) the total charge involved.

Question 11

In the reaction  
,what are the mass number and the atomic number of the product designated by X?

Accepted Answer

A) 101,42 
B) 102,44 
C) 102,42 
D) not given 
A) 101,42 
B) 102,44 
C) 102,42 
D) not given

Question 12

The experiment,which gave the first evidence for the existence of the atomic nucleus,involved which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) x-ray scattering 
B) radioactive dating 
C) cosmic ray detection 
D) alpha scattering 
A) x-ray scattering 
B) radioactive dating 
C) cosmic ray detection 
D) alpha scattering

Question 13

A 1-gram sample of wood is taken from an ancient site.If the Carbon-14 activity of the sample is 30.5% that of present-day organic material,what is the age of the wood? (T1/2 for 14C is 5 730 years)

Accepted Answer

A) 3,980 years 
B) 6,800 years 
C) 5,200 years 
D) 9,820 years 
E) ​10,920 years 
A) 3,980 years 
B) 6,800 years 
C) 5,200 years 
D) 9,820 years 
E) ​10,920 years

Question 14

Tritium (3H)has a half-life of 12.3 years and releases 0.018 6 MeV energy per decay.What is the rate at which energy is released for a 1.5-gram sample of tritium? (NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol-1,1 year = 3.16 × 107 s,1 MeV = 1.6 × 10-13 J,and mt = 3.016 05 u)

Accepted Answer

A) 1.6 W 
B) 2.3 W 
C) 9.9E+12 W 
D) 5.0E+7 W 
E) ​85.4 W 
A) 1.6 W 
B) 2.3 W 
C) 9.9E+12 W 
D) 5.0E+7 W 
E) ​85.4 W

Question 15

To what is the radiation damage in biological organisms primarily due?

Accepted Answer

A) helium introduction 
B) heating 
C) induced radioactivity 
D) ionization 
A) helium introduction 
B) heating 
C) induced radioactivity 
D) ionization

Question 16

The nucleus of an atom is made up of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) electrons and protons 
B) electrons and neutrons 
C) protons,electrons and neutrons 
D) protons and neutrons 
A) electrons and protons 
B) electrons and neutrons 
C) protons,electrons and neutrons 
D) protons and neutrons

Question 17

​How many neutrons are in  
?

Accepted Answer

A) ​92 
B) ​146 
C) ​238 
D) ​330 
A) ​92 
B) ​146 
C) ​238 
D) ​330

Question 18

Genetic radiation damage is:

Accepted Answer

A) another name for somatic damage. 
B) any radiation damage to a cell. 
C) radiation damage affecting reproductive cells. 
D) measured in roentgens. 
A) another name for somatic damage. 
B) any radiation damage to a cell. 
C) radiation damage affecting reproductive cells. 
D) measured in roentgens.

Question 19

Which of the following methods of decay does not result in an element different from that of the original parent nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha followed by negative beta followed by another negative beta 
B) alpha followed by beta 
C) alpha followed by gamma followed by another gamma 
D) alpha followed by positive beta followed by another positive beta 
A) alpha followed by negative beta followed by another negative beta 
B) alpha followed by beta 
C) alpha followed by gamma followed by another gamma 
D) alpha followed by positive beta followed by another positive beta

Question 20

​A 0.6-kg sample of a wooden artifact has an activity of 2.00 *103 decays per minute.What is the age of the artifact? Note that living material has an activity of 15.0 decays/minute per gram of carbon present,and T1/2 for 14C is 5730 yr.

Accepted Answer

A) ​12,434 yr 
B) ​8,618 yr 
C) ​18,164 yr 
D) ​12,590 yr 
A) ​12,434 yr 
B) ​8,618 yr 
C) ​18,164 yr 
D) ​12,590 yr

Exam 29: Nuclear Physics

Sample #1 is made from an isotope with decay constant And sample #2 is made from an isotope with decay constant ,where )Which of the following statements must be true?

A deuteron is captured by an oxygen-16 atom which in turn emits a proton.What is the element and mass number of the product isotope?

If there are 146 neutrons in 238U,how many neutrons are found in the nucleus of 235U?

Approximately how many radioactive atoms are present in a tritium sample with an activity of 0.20 × 10−6 Ci and a half-life of 12.3 years? (1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 decays/s)

Rutherford's experiments involving the use of alpha particle beams directed onto thin metal foils demonstrated the existence of which of the following?

What is the energy released for the reaction where the products are 0.0051 u less than the reactants? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

In the beta decay of 14C,the existence of the antineutrino was required to maintain

Uranium-238 decays to Thorium-234 by emitting which of the following?

The atomic mass number of a nucleus is equivalent to which of the following numbers?

The energy released from a nuclear reaction is equal to:

In the reaction ,what are the mass number and the atomic number of the product designated by X?

The experiment,which gave the first evidence for the existence of the atomic nucleus,involved which of the following?

A 1-gram sample of wood is taken from an ancient site.If the Carbon-14 activity of the sample is 30.5% that of present-day organic material,what is the age of the wood? (T1/2 for 14C is 5 730 years)

Tritium (3H)has a half-life of 12.3 years and releases 0.018 6 MeV energy per decay.What is the rate at which energy is released for a 1.5-gram sample of tritium? (NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol-1,1 year = 3.16 × 107 s,1 MeV = 1.6 × 10-13 J,and mt = 3.016 05 u)

To what is the radiation damage in biological organisms primarily due?

The nucleus of an atom is made up of which of the following?

​How many neutrons are in ?

Genetic radiation damage is:

Which of the following methods of decay does not result in an element different from that of the original parent nucleus?

​A 0.6-kg sample of a wooden artifact has an activity of 2.00 *103 decays per minute.What is the age of the artifact? Note that living material has an activity of 15.0 decays/minute per gram of carbon present,and T1/2 for 14C is 5730 yr.

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Filters

If there are 146 neutrons in ²³⁸U,how many neutrons are found in the nucleus of ²³⁵U?

Approximately how many radioactive atoms are present in a tritium sample with an activity of 0.20 × 10−⁶ Ci and a half-life of 12.3 years? (1 Ci = 3.7 × 10¹⁰ decays/s)

What is the energy released for the reaction where the products are 0.0051 u less than the reactants? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)

In the beta decay of ¹⁴C,the existence of the antineutrino was required to maintain

A 1-gram sample of wood is taken from an ancient site.If the Carbon-14 activity of the sample is 30.5% that of present-day organic material,what is the age of the wood? (T_1/2 for ¹⁴C is 5 730 years)

Tritium (³H)has a half-life of 12.3 years and releases 0.018 6 MeV energy per decay.What is the rate at which energy is released for a 1.5-gram sample of tritium? (N_A = 6.02 × 10²³ mol^-1,1 year = 3.16 × 10⁷ s,1 MeV = 1.6 × 10^-13 J,and m_t = 3.016 05 u)

How many neutrons are in ?

A 0.6-kg sample of a wooden artifact has an activity of 2.00 *10³ decays per minute.What is the age of the artifact? Note that living material has an activity of 15.0 decays/minute per gram of carbon present,and T_1/2 for ¹⁴C is 5730 yr.