Question 1

The decision of how many people needed in a random sample to represent the population should be based on the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of people available and willing to participate in the survey. 
B)  financial resources available to the researcher for completing the survey. 
C)  the availability of an adequate sampling frame. 
D)  degree of variability in the population. 
A)  number of people available and willing to participate in the survey. 
B)  financial resources available to the researcher for completing the survey. 
C)  the availability of an adequate sampling frame. 
D)  degree of variability in the population.

Question 2

Techniques to increase the return rate for a survey include

Accepted Answer

A)  preserving a sense of confidentiality by addressing the survey to no one in particular ("Dear occupant"). 
B)  making sure the survey requires minimal effort from the respondents. 
C)  making sure the respondents are not aware of the survey topic. 
D)  all of these 
A)  preserving a sense of confidentiality by addressing the survey to no one in particular ("Dear occupant"). 
B)  making sure the survey requires minimal effort from the respondents. 
C)  making sure the respondents are not aware of the survey topic. 
D)  all of these

Question 3

There is a reliable correlation between being outgoing and being satisfied with one's life.One possible way to account for this relationship is that a third variable (number of friends)leads people to be more outgoing and more satisfied with their lives.A correlation that can be accounted for by a third variable such as number of friends is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  chaotic relationship. 
B)  spurious relationship. 
C)  causal relationship. 
D)  co-dependent relationship. 
A)  chaotic relationship. 
B)  spurious relationship. 
C)  causal relationship. 
D)  co-dependent relationship.

Question 4

A professor wants to determine if students' final exam scores in a course can be predicted based on their scores on the first test.The quantitative index the professor is likely using in this situation is the

Accepted Answer

A)  prediction product. 
B)  contingency score. 
C)  covariation cross product. 
D)  correlation coefficient. 
A)  prediction product. 
B)  contingency score. 
C)  covariation cross product. 
D)  correlation coefficient.

Question 5

A survey researcher randomly selected individuals in Canada,Mexico,and the United States and mailed them a survey about North American trade policies.The researcher compared individuals' survey responses in these countries.This researcher used a

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-sectional survey design. 
B)  successive independent samples design. 
C)  longitudinal survey design. 
D)  observational design. 
A)  cross-sectional survey design. 
B)  successive independent samples design. 
C)  longitudinal survey design. 
D)  observational design.

Question 6

Which of the following must be true for a test or questionnaire to be considered reliable as measured by the computation of test-retest reliability?

Accepted Answer

A)  People would have to hold similar relative positions in the distributions for the two test times. 
B)  People would have to hold very different relative positions in the distributions for the two test times. 
C)  People would have to have identical scores on the two administrations of the test. 
D)  People would have to have scores on the two administrations of the test that were uncorrelated. 
A)  People would have to hold similar relative positions in the distributions for the two test times. 
B)  People would have to hold very different relative positions in the distributions for the two test times. 
C)  People would have to have identical scores on the two administrations of the test. 
D)  People would have to have scores on the two administrations of the test that were uncorrelated.

Question 7

The distinguishing characteristic of the longitudinal design is that

Accepted Answer

A)  samples from several population are tested once. 
B)  the same sample of respondents is surveyed more than once. 
C)  a sample of individuals is asked to complete an especially long survey. 
D)  different samples from a population are compared over time. 
A)  samples from several population are tested once. 
B)  the same sample of respondents is surveyed more than once. 
C)  a sample of individuals is asked to complete an especially long survey. 
D)  different samples from a population are compared over time.

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding Internet surveys is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers have little control over the research environment when conducting Internet surveys. 
B)  Selection bias is less problematic for Internet surveys because of the large samples that are typically obtained. 
C)  Response rate bias due to nonresponding leads to relatively low response rates for Internet surveys. 
D)  Internet surveys represent a low-cost, efficient method for obtaining a large, potentially diverse sample of respondents. 
A)  Researchers have little control over the research environment when conducting Internet surveys. 
B)  Selection bias is less problematic for Internet surveys because of the large samples that are typically obtained. 
C)  Response rate bias due to nonresponding leads to relatively low response rates for Internet surveys. 
D)  Internet surveys represent a low-cost, efficient method for obtaining a large, potentially diverse sample of respondents.

Question 9

A survey question that asks,"Are you worried about global climate change and nuclear weapons?" is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  funnel question. 
B)  loaded question. 
C)  leading question. 
D)  double-barreled question. 
A)  funnel question. 
B)  loaded question. 
C)  leading question. 
D)  double-barreled question.

Question 10

One way to minimize the likelihood that respondents might view questions as "loaded" for a survey on controversial topics is to

Accepted Answer

A)  use funnel questions to direct people to survey questions that are not controversial. 
B)  use leading questions first to make sure the respondents agree with the survey topic. 
C)  ask people with a range of perspectives on the topic to review and edit the questions for potentially offensive wording. 
D)  use emotional words that represent both sides of the controversial topic so that the survey is not biased. 
A)  use funnel questions to direct people to survey questions that are not controversial. 
B)  use leading questions first to make sure the respondents agree with the survey topic. 
C)  ask people with a range of perspectives on the topic to review and edit the questions for potentially offensive wording. 
D)  use emotional words that represent both sides of the controversial topic so that the survey is not biased.

Question 11

Which of the following characteristics do most surveys have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  direct observation and coding 
B)  interviewing and the use of focus groups 
C)  limited scope and pragmatic purpose 
D)  sampling and a set of predetermined questions 
A)  direct observation and coding 
B)  interviewing and the use of focus groups 
C)  limited scope and pragmatic purpose 
D)  sampling and a set of predetermined questions

Question 12

A sample is said to be representative when

Accepted Answer

A)  a sponsoring organization uses the sample data to sell a product. 
B)  researchers are interested only in the opinions of people in the sample. 
C)  it exhibits the same distribution of characteristics as the population from which it was drawn. 
D)  all of these 
A)  a sponsoring organization uses the sample data to sell a product. 
B)  researchers are interested only in the opinions of people in the sample. 
C)  it exhibits the same distribution of characteristics as the population from which it was drawn. 
D)  all of these

Question 13

,separated by six months.At the second testing session she also administered a similar questionnaire called "Nice," which previous research has shown to be a valid measure of people's ability to get along with people and to make friends.She also administered a questionnaire designed to measure art ability,which she predicted to be unrelated to friendliness.She observed the following correlations among the measures:   What correlation coefficient value indicates the "Friend" measure is reliable?

Accepted Answer

The test-r

Question 14

In a survey of 500 randomly selected respondents,360 respondents (72%)said they want the United Nations (U.N.)headquarters to remain in the United States.A TV news show conducted a call-in survey and asked the same question.Of the 186,000 who phoned in their response,124,620 people (67%)said they want the U.N.out of the United States.The most reasonable statement about these different findings is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the call-in survey results should be believed because of the larger number of people who responded they want the U.N. out of the United States. 
B)  the large sample size for the call-in survey indicates it is a more representative sample. 
C)  the findings for the randomly selected sample more likely represent the views of the population. 
D)  call-in surveys lead to more reliable findings. 
A)  the call-in survey results should be believed because of the larger number of people who responded they want the U.N. out of the United States. 
B)  the large sample size for the call-in survey indicates it is a more representative sample. 
C)  the findings for the randomly selected sample more likely represent the views of the population. 
D)  call-in surveys lead to more reliable findings.

Question 15

In a nationwide study,samples of students were asked their opinions about the quality of their college education.The results of the survey were analyzed for differences among students at the various colleges and universities.What survey design was used in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  correlated samples design 
B)  cross-sectional design 
C)  successive independent samples design 
D)  longitudinal design 
A)  correlated samples design 
B)  cross-sectional design 
C)  successive independent samples design 
D)  longitudinal design

Question 16

When a survey has been created and administered by a sponsoring organization,such as a company or institution,we should

Accepted Answer

A)  conclude the survey results will always be biased in favor of the sponsoring organization. 
B)  examine whether the survey data have been selectively analyzed or reported. 
C)  assume the research will be poor quality. 
D)  automatically ignore the survey results. 
A)  conclude the survey results will always be biased in favor of the sponsoring organization. 
B)  examine whether the survey data have been selectively analyzed or reported. 
C)  assume the research will be poor quality. 
D)  automatically ignore the survey results.

Question 17

Correlational research is potentially limited when it comes to

Accepted Answer

A)  applying the results of correlational studies to predict such issues as physical and psychological health-related problems. 
B)  establishing quantitative relationships between two sets of responses obtained in a survey. 
C)  interpreting causal relationships based on correlational studies alone. 
D)  using sophisticated statistical procedures in analyzing correlational studies. 
A)  applying the results of correlational studies to predict such issues as physical and psychological health-related problems. 
B)  establishing quantitative relationships between two sets of responses obtained in a survey. 
C)  interpreting causal relationships based on correlational studies alone. 
D)  using sophisticated statistical procedures in analyzing correlational studies.

Question 18

In a simple random sample,every individual in the population

Accepted Answer

A)  completes the survey. 
B)  has an equal chance of being selected to be in the sample. 
C)  decides to participate in the survey if it is convenient for them. 
D)  none of these 
A)  completes the survey. 
B)  has an equal chance of being selected to be in the sample. 
C)  decides to participate in the survey if it is convenient for them. 
D)  none of these

Question 19

A researcher adjusted the wording of a question to guide a respondent's answer and recorded only selected portions of a respondent's answers.What survey problem does this represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  interviewer bias 
B)  response bias 
C)  selection bias 
D)  respondent bias 
A)  interviewer bias 
B)  response bias 
C)  selection bias 
D)  respondent bias

Question 20

A city used property tax records of homeowners to identify a sample of people to ask about recreational services at local parks.This survey would most likely be criticized for

Accepted Answer

A)  population bias. 
B)  selection bias. 
C)  stratification bias. 
D)  response rate bias. 
A)  population bias. 
B)  selection bias. 
C)  stratification bias. 
D)  response rate bias.

The decision of how many people needed in a random sample to represent the population should be based on the

Techniques to increase the return rate for a survey include

A professor wants to determine if students' final exam scores in a course can be predicted based on their scores on the first test.The quantitative index the professor is likely using in this situation is the

A survey researcher randomly selected individuals in Canada,Mexico,and the United States and mailed them a survey about North American trade policies.The researcher compared individuals' survey responses in these countries.This researcher used a

Which of the following must be true for a test or questionnaire to be considered reliable as measured by the computation of test-retest reliability?

The distinguishing characteristic of the longitudinal design is that

Which of the following statements regarding Internet surveys is false?

A survey question that asks,"Are you worried about global climate change and nuclear weapons?" is an example of a

One way to minimize the likelihood that respondents might view questions as "loaded" for a survey on controversial topics is to

Which of the following characteristics do most surveys have in common?

A sample is said to be representative when

In a nationwide study,samples of students were asked their opinions about the quality of their college education.The results of the survey were analyzed for differences among students at the various colleges and universities.What survey design was used in this study?

When a survey has been created and administered by a sponsoring organization,such as a company or institution,we should

Correlational research is potentially limited when it comes to

In a simple random sample,every individual in the population

A researcher adjusted the wording of a question to guide a respondent's answer and recorded only selected portions of a respondent's answers.What survey problem does this represent?

A city used property tax records of homeowners to identify a sample of people to ask about recreational services at local parks.This survey would most likely be criticized for

Introduction

The Scientific Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Idescribing Data, confidence Intervals, correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Iitests of Statistical Significance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

Filters

Exam 5: Survey Research

The decision of how many people needed in a random sample to represent the population should be based on the

Techniques to increase the return rate for a survey include

A professor wants to determine if students' final exam scores in a course can be predicted based on their scores on the first test.The quantitative index the professor is likely using in this situation is the

A survey researcher randomly selected individuals in Canada,Mexico,and the United States and mailed them a survey about North American trade policies.The researcher compared individuals' survey responses in these countries.This researcher used a

Which of the following must be true for a test or questionnaire to be considered reliable as measured by the computation of test-retest reliability?

The distinguishing characteristic of the longitudinal design is that

Which of the following statements regarding Internet surveys is false?

A survey question that asks,"Are you worried about global climate change and nuclear weapons?" is an example of a

One way to minimize the likelihood that respondents might view questions as "loaded" for a survey on controversial topics is to

Which of the following characteristics do most surveys have in common?

A sample is said to be representative when

In a nationwide study,samples of students were asked their opinions about the quality of their college education.The results of the survey were analyzed for differences among students at the various colleges and universities.What survey design was used in this study?

When a survey has been created and administered by a sponsoring organization,such as a company or institution,we should

Correlational research is potentially limited when it comes to

In a simple random sample,every individual in the population

A researcher adjusted the wording of a question to guide a respondent's answer and recorded only selected portions of a respondent's answers.What survey problem does this represent?

A city used property tax records of homeowners to identify a sample of people to ask about recreational services at local parks.This survey would most likely be criticized for

Introduction

The Scientific Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Idescribing Data, confidence Intervals, correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Iitests of Statistical Significance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

Filters