Question 1

Which of the following explains the importance of sucrose as a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A) the glycosidic bond is much more stable than a typical glycosidic bond 
B) the presence of two glucose residues provides a readily available glucose source 
C) $\beta$-glycosidic bonds are much more stable than $\alpha$-glycosidic bonds 
D) since both anomeric carbons are involved in the glycosidic bond, oxidation is limited 
E) none of the above 
A) the glycosidic bond is much more stable than a typical glycosidic bond 
B) the presence of two glucose residues provides a readily available glucose source 
C) $\beta$-glycosidic bonds are much more stable than $\alpha$-glycosidic bonds 
D) since both anomeric carbons are involved in the glycosidic bond, oxidation is limited 
E) none of the above D

Question 2

An N-linked glycan would be attached to ______ while an O-linked glycan would be attached to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Asn; Ser 
B) Lys; Tyr 
C) Gln; Thr 
D) Arg; Ser 
E) Lys; Ser 
A) Asn; Ser 
B) Lys; Tyr 
C) Gln; Thr 
D) Arg; Ser 
E) Lys; Ser A

Question 3

Which of the following is a ketose?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of the above 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of the above B

Question 4

Which of the following polysaccharides contains exclusively glucose in $\beta$(1$\rarr$4)glycosidic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A) amylose 
B) amylopectin 
C) glycogen 
D) cellulose 
E) chitin 
A) amylose 
B) amylopectin 
C) glycogen 
D) cellulose 
E) chitin

Question 5

The two most common amino sugars, $\beta$-D-glucosamine and $\beta$-D-galactosamine are formed from their respective carbohydrates by substitution of an amine group for the hydroxyl on carbon _____.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5 
E) 6 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5 
E) 6

Question 6

All glycosaminoglycans contain which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) a sulfate ester 
B) a $\beta$(1$\rarr$4)glycosidic bond 
C) a carboxylate 
D) an amine group that is either acetylated or sulfated 
E) all of the above 
A) a sulfate ester 
B) a $\beta$(1$\rarr$4)glycosidic bond 
C) a carboxylate 
D) an amine group that is either acetylated or sulfated 
E) all of the above

Question 7

Of the following phosphate esters of monosaccharides, which has the most spontaneous $\Delta$G$\circ$´ of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) $\alpha$-D-glucose-6-phosphate 
B) $\beta$-D-glucose-6-phosphate 
C) $\beta$-D-glucose-1-phosphate 
D) $\alpha$-D-fructose-6-phosphate 
E) D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
A) $\alpha$-D-glucose-6-phosphate 
B) $\beta$-D-glucose-6-phosphate 
C) $\beta$-D-glucose-1-phosphate 
D) $\alpha$-D-fructose-6-phosphate 
E) D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Question 8

Dihydroxyacetone is classified as a(n)_______.

Accepted Answer

A) aldotriose 
B) ketotriose 
C) aldotetrose 
D) ketotetrose 
E) none of the above 
A) aldotriose 
B) ketotriose 
C) aldotetrose 
D) ketotetrose 
E) none of the above

Question 9

Oseltamivir, also known as Tamiflu, is effective as an antiviral against the influenza virus due to its ability to block the action of which protein associated with the surface of the viral particle?

Accepted Answer

A) hemagglutinin 
B) neuraminidase 
C) M1 
D) M2 
E) none of the above 
A) hemagglutinin 
B) neuraminidase 
C) M1 
D) M2 
E) none of the above

Question 10

Draw a $\beta$-disaccharide composed of glucose linked to its C-2 epimer by an $\alpha$(1$\rarr$4)glycosidic bond with the anomeric carbon of glucose contributing to the glycosidic bond.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw a $\beta$-disaccharide composed of glucose linked...

Question 11

Which of the following correctly identifies key elements present on the exterior of Gram-negative (GN)and Gram-positive (GP)bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) GN: single lipid bilayer; GP: two lipid bilayers 
B) GN: single peptidoglycan layer; GP: multiple peptidoglycan layers 
C) GN: extensively crosslinked peptidoglycans; GP: uncrosslinked peptidoglycan 
D) GN: contains both N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine; GP: contains only N-acetylmuramic acid 
E) none of the above 
A) GN: single lipid bilayer; GP: two lipid bilayers 
B) GN: single peptidoglycan layer; GP: multiple peptidoglycan layers 
C) GN: extensively crosslinked peptidoglycans; GP: uncrosslinked peptidoglycan 
D) GN: contains both N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine; GP: contains only N-acetylmuramic acid 
E) none of the above

Question 12

The reaction of a cyclic monosaccharide with an alcohol converts a(n)_________ into a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A) acetal; hemiacetal 
B) hemiacetal; acetal 
C) acetal; ether 
D) hemiacetal; ether 
E) alcohol; ether 
A) acetal; hemiacetal 
B) hemiacetal; acetal 
C) acetal; ether 
D) hemiacetal; ether 
E) alcohol; ether

Question 13

Which of the following would be an anomer of $\alpha$-D-galactopyranose?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of the above 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of the above

Question 14

How many carbon atoms are found in the smallest molecules that are classified as carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5

Question 15

Gluconic acid is derived from ________ while glucuronic acid is derived from _______.

Accepted Answer

A) glucose; gulose 
B) gulose; glucose 
C) glucose; glucose 
D) glucose; galactose 
E) galactose; glucose 
A) glucose; gulose 
B) gulose; glucose 
C) glucose; glucose 
D) glucose; galactose 
E) galactose; glucose

Question 16

Which of the following formulas would be a carbohydrate

Accepted Answer

A) C5H12O5 
B) C4H8O6 
C) C6H10O6 
D) C3H8O3 
E) C6H12O6 
A) C5H12O5 
B) C4H8O6 
C) C6H10O6 
D) C3H8O3 
E) C6H12O6

Question 17

Show the interaction that would take place between the R-group of asparagine in a protein and the substituent on C-2 of an N-acetylglucosamine residue of a glycan.

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& Shown are

Question 18

How many stereoisomers would be expected from a ketohexose?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 8 
C) 16 
D) 32 
E) 64 
A) 4 
B) 8 
C) 16 
D) 32 
E) 64

Question 19

Which of the following is a diastereomer of D-mannose?

Accepted Answer

A) D-gulose 
B) D-altrose 
C) D-idose 
D) D-talose 
E) all of the above 
A) D-gulose 
B) D-altrose 
C) D-idose 
D) D-talose 
E) all of the above

Question 20

Given the structure of D-galactose, draw the structure of L-galactose in both open chain and Haworth projections ($\alpha$ anomer).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given the structure of D-galactose, draw the...

Exam 9: Carbohydrates: Sugars, Saccharides, Glycans

Which of the following explains the importance of sucrose as a disaccharide?

An N-linked glycan would be attached to ______ while an O-linked glycan would be attached to ________.

Which of the following is a ketose?

Which of the following polysaccharides contains exclusively glucose in β\betaβ (1 →\rarr→ 4)glycosidic bonds?

The two most common amino sugars, β\betaβ -D-glucosamine and β\betaβ -D-galactosamine are formed from their respective carbohydrates by substitution of an amine group for the hydroxyl on carbon _____.

All glycosaminoglycans contain which of the following?

Of the following phosphate esters of monosaccharides, which has the most spontaneous Δ\DeltaΔ G ∘\circ∘ ´ of hydrolysis?

Dihydroxyacetone is classified as a(n)_______.

Oseltamivir, also known as Tamiflu, is effective as an antiviral against the influenza virus due to its ability to block the action of which protein associated with the surface of the viral particle?

Draw a β\betaβ -disaccharide composed of glucose linked to its C-2 epimer by an α\alphaα (1 →\rarr→ 4)glycosidic bond with the anomeric carbon of glucose contributing to the glycosidic bond.

Which of the following correctly identifies key elements present on the exterior of Gram-negative (GN)and Gram-positive (GP)bacteria?

The reaction of a cyclic monosaccharide with an alcohol converts a(n)_________ into a(n)________.

Which of the following would be an anomer of α\alphaα -D-galactopyranose?

How many carbon atoms are found in the smallest molecules that are classified as carbohydrates?

Gluconic acid is derived from ________ while glucuronic acid is derived from _______.

Which of the following formulas would be a carbohydrate

Show the interaction that would take place between the R-group of asparagine in a protein and the substituent on C-2 of an N-acetylglucosamine residue of a glycan.

How many stereoisomers would be expected from a ketohexose?

Which of the following is a diastereomer of D-mannose?

Given the structure of D-galactose, draw the structure of L-galactose in both open chain and Haworth projections ( α\alphaα anomer).

The Scope of Biochemistry

The Matrix of Life: Weak Interactions in an Aqueous Environment

The Energetics of Life

Nucleic Acids

Introduction to Proteins: the Primary Level of Protein Structure

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function and Evolution

Contractile Proteins and Molecular Motors

Lipids, Membranes and Cellular Transport

Enzymes: Biological Catalysts

Chemical Logic of Metabolism

Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Citric Acid Cycle and Glyoxylate Cycle

Electron Transport, Oxidative Phosphorylation, and Oxygen Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism I: Fatty Acids, Triacylglycerols, and Lipoproteins

Interorgan and Intracellular Coordination of Energy Metabolism in Vertebrates

Lipid Metabolism Ii: Membrane Lipids, Steroids, Isoprenoids, and Eicosanoids

Metabolism of Nitrogenous Compounds I: Principles of Biosynthesis, Utilization, and Turnover

Metabolism of Nitogenous Compounds II: Amino Acids, Porphyrins, and Neurotransmitters

Nucleotide Metabolism

Mechanisms of Signal Transduction

Genes, Genomes and Chromosomes

DNA Replication

DNA Restructuring: Repair, Recombination, Rearrangement, Amplification

Information Readout: Transcription and Post-Transcriptional Processing

Information Decoding: Translation and Post-Translational Protein Processing

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

An N-linked glycan would be attached to while an O-linked glycan would be attached to __.

Which of the following polysaccharides contains exclusively glucose in $\beta$ (1 $\rarr$ 4)glycosidic bonds?

The two most common amino sugars, $\beta$ -D-glucosamine and $\beta$ -D-galactosamine are formed from their respective carbohydrates by substitution of an amine group for the hydroxyl on carbon _____.

Of the following phosphate esters of monosaccharides, which has the most spontaneous $\Delta$ G^$\circ$´ of hydrolysis?

Draw a $\beta$ -disaccharide composed of glucose linked to its C-2 epimer by an $\alpha$ (1 $\rarr$ 4)glycosidic bond with the anomeric carbon of glucose contributing to the glycosidic bond.

The reaction of a cyclic monosaccharide with an alcohol converts a(n)_ into a(n).

Which of the following would be an anomer of $\alpha$ -D-galactopyranose?

Gluconic acid is derived from __ while glucuronic acid is derived from _.

Given the structure of D-galactose, draw the structure of L-galactose in both open chain and Haworth projections ( $\alpha$ anomer). $Given the structure of D-galactose, draw the structure of L-galactose in both open chain and Haworth projections ( \alpha anomer).$