Question 1

Surveys play an important role in the type of research that is intended to assess the covariation between naturally occurring variables.This type of research is called

Accepted Answer

A) correlational research. 
B) qualitative research. 
C) causal research. 
D) experimental research. 
A) correlational research. 
B) qualitative research. 
C) causal research. 
D) experimental research.

Question 2

A university alumni office conducts a survey of their alumni to assess changes in attitudes toward the university over time.In the first year of the survey,the alumni office surveys graduates from the year 2007.In the second year of the survey,graduates from the year 2009 are surveyed.The results of the survey indicated very different attitudes of the alumni.The alumni office concluded that attitudes toward the university changed over time.This conclusion

Accepted Answer

A) fairly describes the differences between 2007 and 2009 graduates. 
B) fairly describes changes in attitudes over time among the alumni. 
C) may be inaccurate because of the problem of attrition. 
D) may be inaccurate because of the problem of noncomparable samples. 
A) fairly describes the differences between 2007 and 2009 graduates. 
B) fairly describes changes in attitudes over time among the alumni. 
C) may be inaccurate because of the problem of attrition. 
D) may be inaccurate because of the problem of noncomparable samples.

Question 3

Figure:
A researcher was interested in developing a reliable and valid measure of friendliness.That is,she wanted to distinguish between friendly and unfriendly people using her questionnaire.To determine whether she developed a good measure (called "Friend"),she administered her "Friend" questionnaire to a group of 300 people twice (Friend-Time1 and Friend-Time 2),separated by six months.At the second testing session she also administered a similar questionnaire called "Nice," which previous research has shown to be a valid measure of people's ability to get along with people and to make friends.She also administered a questionnaire designed to measure art ability,which she predicted to be unrelated to friendliness.She observed the following correlations among the measures:  
-What correlation coefficient value indicates the "Friend" measure has good convergent validity?

Accepted Answer

The correl

Question 4

A survey question that asks,"Are you worried about global climate change and nuclear weapons?" is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A) double-barreled question. 
B) loaded question. 
C) leading question. 
D) funnel question. 
A) double-barreled question. 
B) loaded question. 
C) leading question. 
D) funnel question.

Question 5

Figure:
A researcher was interested in developing a reliable and valid measure of friendliness.That is,she wanted to distinguish between friendly and unfriendly people using her questionnaire.To determine whether she developed a good measure (called "Friend"),she administered her "Friend" questionnaire to a group of 300 people twice (Friend-Time1 and Friend-Time 2),separated by six months.At the second testing session she also administered a similar questionnaire called "Nice," which previous research has shown to be a valid measure of people's ability to get along with people and to make friends.She also administered a questionnaire designed to measure art ability,which she predicted to be unrelated to friendliness.She observed the following correlations among the measures:  
-What correlation coefficient value indicates the "Friend" measure has good discriminant validity?

Accepted Answer

The correlation betw

Question 6

Figure:
Suppose a researcher wishes to use stratified random sampling to select a representative sample of 100 people from a population that has the following characteristics:  
-Describe the sample in terms of how many single and married women and men the researcher would need to represent the population.

Accepted Answer

Of the sample of 100,60 of the responden

Question 7

A nationwide study was done in which samples of students were asked their opinions about the quality of their college education.The results of the survey were analyzed for differences among students at the various colleges and universities.What survey design was used in this study?

Accepted Answer

A) correlated samples design 
B) cross-sectional design 
C) successive independent samples design 
D) longitudinal design 
A) correlated samples design 
B) cross-sectional design 
C) successive independent samples design 
D) longitudinal design

Question 8

If the relationships between measures of poverty,chaos,and psychological distress differed depending on whether families lived in rural or urban areas,this variable of population density (rural vs.urban)would be considered a

Accepted Answer

A) moderator variable. 
B) mediating variable. 
C) causal variable. 
D) spurious variable. 
A) moderator variable. 
B) mediating variable. 
C) causal variable. 
D) spurious variable.

Question 9

Research findings indicate that people's verbal reports of their behavior and observations of their actual behavior do not always match.These findings provide a good rationale for a(n)__________ approach to psychological research.

Accepted Answer

A) multimethod 
B) observational 
C) survey 
D) correlational 
A) multimethod 
B) observational 
C) survey 
D) correlational

Question 10

The best approach for obtaining a representative sample when using stratified random sampling is to

Accepted Answer

A) sample so that there is an equal number of respondents in the different stratA. 
B) sample so that the proportion of respondents in the different strata represents the proportions in the population. 
C) use random-digit dialing. 
D) eliminate people from the sampling frame who are unlikely to return a completed survey. 
A) sample so that there is an equal number of respondents in the different stratA. 
B) sample so that the proportion of respondents in the different strata represents the proportions in the population. 
C) use random-digit dialing. 
D) eliminate people from the sampling frame who are unlikely to return a completed survey.

Question 11

A survey using the Internet to ask people about attitudes toward mental health services would most likely be criticized for

Accepted Answer

A) selection bias. 
B) population bias. 
C) interviewer bias. 
D) response rate bias. 
A) selection bias. 
B) population bias. 
C) interviewer bias. 
D) response rate bias.

Question 12

The quantitative index of the direction and magnitude of a predictive relationship is called a

Accepted Answer

A) convergent validity. 
B) correlation coefficient. 
C) contingency variable. 
D) discriminant statistic. 
A) convergent validity. 
B) correlation coefficient. 
C) contingency variable. 
D) discriminant statistic.

Question 13

Which of the following pieces of information is the least useful when evaluating whether the results of a survey are biased?

Accepted Answer

A) whether an organization sponsored the survey 
B) whether the survey involves a biased sample 
C) whether the wording of the questions on the questionnaire were slanted 
D) whether the survey data have been selectively analyzed or reported 
A) whether an organization sponsored the survey 
B) whether the survey involves a biased sample 
C) whether the wording of the questions on the questionnaire were slanted 
D) whether the survey data have been selectively analyzed or reported

Question 14

A researcher adjusted the wording of a question to fit the respondent or records only selected portions of the respondent's answers.What survey problem does this represent?

Accepted Answer

A) respondent bias 
B) response bias 
C) selection bias 
D) interviewer bias 
A) respondent bias 
B) response bias 
C) selection bias 
D) interviewer bias

Question 15

Why is a longitudinal design preferred over a study using successive independent samples to assess the direction and extent of attitude change for individual respondents?

Accepted Answer

The distinguishing characteristic of a l

Question 16

Which of the following survey methods is best for dealing with highly personal or embarrassing topics,especially when the anonymity of respondents is preserved?

Accepted Answer

A) mail survey 
B) personal interview 
C) telephone interview 
D) cluster survey 
A) mail survey 
B) personal interview 
C) telephone interview 
D) cluster survey

Question 17

Which of the following characteristics do most surveys have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) direct observation and inference 
B) sampling and a set of predetermined questions 
C) limited scope and pragmatic purpose 
D) interviewing and the use of focus groups 
A) direct observation and inference 
B) sampling and a set of predetermined questions 
C) limited scope and pragmatic purpose 
D) interviewing and the use of focus groups

Question 18

Self-report measures of people's attitudes and feelings are reliable if they consistently yield similar results.How is reliability typically measured?

Accepted Answer

Reliability can be measured using a test

Question 19

The primary disadvantage of closed-response questions is that

Accepted Answer

A) they allow respondents too much flexibility in their responses. 
B) responses are very difficult to code and to summarize. 
C) respondents may be forced to choose among response alternatives that don't describe their true opinion. 
D) all of these 
A) they allow respondents too much flexibility in their responses. 
B) responses are very difficult to code and to summarize. 
C) respondents may be forced to choose among response alternatives that don't describe their true opinion. 
D) all of these

Surveys play an important role in the type of research that is intended to assess the covariation between naturally occurring variables.This type of research is called

A survey question that asks,"Are you worried about global climate change and nuclear weapons?" is an example of a

A nationwide study was done in which samples of students were asked their opinions about the quality of their college education.The results of the survey were analyzed for differences among students at the various colleges and universities.What survey design was used in this study?

If the relationships between measures of poverty,chaos,and psychological distress differed depending on whether families lived in rural or urban areas,this variable of population density (rural vs.urban)would be considered a

Research findings indicate that people's verbal reports of their behavior and observations of their actual behavior do not always match.These findings provide a good rationale for a(n)__________ approach to psychological research.

The best approach for obtaining a representative sample when using stratified random sampling is to

A survey using the Internet to ask people about attitudes toward mental health services would most likely be criticized for

The quantitative index of the direction and magnitude of a predictive relationship is called a

Which of the following pieces of information is the least useful when evaluating whether the results of a survey are biased?

A researcher adjusted the wording of a question to fit the respondent or records only selected portions of the respondent's answers.What survey problem does this represent?

Why is a longitudinal design preferred over a study using successive independent samples to assess the direction and extent of attitude change for individual respondents?

Which of the following survey methods is best for dealing with highly personal or embarrassing topics,especially when the anonymity of respondents is preserved?

Which of the following characteristics do most surveys have in common?

Self-report measures of people's attitudes and feelings are reliable if they consistently yield similar results.How is reliability typically measured?

The primary disadvantage of closed-response questions is that

Introduction

The Scientifi C Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Designs and Small-N Research

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part I Describing Data,confi Dence Intervals, Correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part II Tests of Statisticalsignifi Cance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

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Exam 5: Survey Research

Surveys play an important role in the type of research that is intended to assess the covariation between naturally occurring variables.This type of research is called

A survey question that asks,"Are you worried about global climate change and nuclear weapons?" is an example of a

A nationwide study was done in which samples of students were asked their opinions about the quality of their college education.The results of the survey were analyzed for differences among students at the various colleges and universities.What survey design was used in this study?

If the relationships between measures of poverty,chaos,and psychological distress differed depending on whether families lived in rural or urban areas,this variable of population density (rural vs.urban)would be considered a

Research findings indicate that people's verbal reports of their behavior and observations of their actual behavior do not always match.These findings provide a good rationale for a(n)__________ approach to psychological research.

The best approach for obtaining a representative sample when using stratified random sampling is to

A survey using the Internet to ask people about attitudes toward mental health services would most likely be criticized for

The quantitative index of the direction and magnitude of a predictive relationship is called a

Which of the following pieces of information is the least useful when evaluating whether the results of a survey are biased?

A researcher adjusted the wording of a question to fit the respondent or records only selected portions of the respondent's answers.What survey problem does this represent?

Why is a longitudinal design preferred over a study using successive independent samples to assess the direction and extent of attitude change for individual respondents?

Which of the following survey methods is best for dealing with highly personal or embarrassing topics,especially when the anonymity of respondents is preserved?

Which of the following characteristics do most surveys have in common?

Self-report measures of people's attitudes and feelings are reliable if they consistently yield similar results.How is reliability typically measured?

The primary disadvantage of closed-response questions is that

Introduction

The Scientifi C Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Designs and Small-N Research

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part I Describing Data,confi Dence Intervals, Correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part II Tests of Statisticalsignifi Cance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

Filters