Question 1

The power of an experiment increases in direct proportion with the

Accepted Answer

A)  square root of the number of subjects 
B)  square root of the number of subjects divided by the standard deviation 
C)  the number of subjects 
D)  anticipated variability of the data 
A)  square root of the number of subjects 
B)  square root of the number of subjects divided by the standard deviation 
C)  the number of subjects 
D)  anticipated variability of the data

Question 2

In a certain experiment,Group l receives Treatment A,and Group 2 receives no treatment.Group l is the ____ group,and Group 2 is the ____ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental, control 
B)  control, experimental 
C)  experimental, experimental 
D)  None of these are true. Each group controls for the other. 
A)  experimental, control 
B)  control, experimental 
C)  experimental, experimental 
D)  None of these are true. Each group controls for the other.

Question 3

One learns to do research by

Accepted Answer

A)  Studying examples of research 
B)  Reading about it in text books 
C)  Doing research 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Studying examples of research 
B)  Reading about it in text books 
C)  Doing research 
D)  All of the above

Question 4

Using subjects as their own control involves which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  equating groups on one or more variables that is highly related to the dependent variable 
B)  exposing each participant to multiple conditions 
C)  exposing each individual to a unique and different treatment 
D)  using the analysis of covariance technique 
A)  equating groups on one or more variables that is highly related to the dependent variable 
B)  exposing each participant to multiple conditions 
C)  exposing each individual to a unique and different treatment 
D)  using the analysis of covariance technique

Question 5

The number of subjects to be used in an experiment should depend mainly on

Accepted Answer

A)  the size of the effect 
B)  the anticipated variability of the data 
C)  the number available 
D)  both a and b 
A)  the size of the effect 
B)  the anticipated variability of the data 
C)  the number available 
D)  both a and b

Question 6

A researcher plans to do an experiment in the college setting concerning the effects of class size on attendance in a first year law course.He has four levels of size,namely,15,25,40,and 60 students.Four colleges are involved in the study,each having eight first-year law classes,two of each class size.The researcher can assign students at random to a class within a college,but he cannot assign students randomly to a college.Two law professors are used in each college.All professors teach four classes; the dependent variable is grades measured after one semester.Discuss the problems of control in this situation.Consider possible uncontrolled variables and variables that are or might be controlled.Is there a possibility of confounding of variables in this research situation? State one or more hypotheses for this experiment.

Accepted Answer

The researcher in this situation faces s

Question 7

Between-subjects experiments

Accepted Answer

A)  eliminate the possibility that one condition will affect another 
B)  use fewer subjects than within-subjects experiments 
C)  are always preferable to within-subjects experiments 
D)  All of these are true. 
A)  eliminate the possibility that one condition will affect another 
B)  use fewer subjects than within-subjects experiments 
C)  are always preferable to within-subjects experiments 
D)  All of these are true.

Question 8

A control group

Accepted Answer

A)  does not take part in the experiment 
B)  is treated the same as the experimental group but is not tested 
C)  is treated the same as the experimental group except for the independent variable 
D)  is treated the same as the experimental group except for the dependent variable 
A)  does not take part in the experiment 
B)  is treated the same as the experimental group but is not tested 
C)  is treated the same as the experimental group except for the independent variable 
D)  is treated the same as the experimental group except for the dependent variable

Question 9

Including a nuisance variable

Accepted Answer

A)  is a mistake to be avoided 
B)  can increase the sensitivity of the experiment 
C)  is a type of manipulation check 
D)  decreases the generality of the results 
A)  is a mistake to be avoided 
B)  can increase the sensitivity of the experiment 
C)  is a type of manipulation check 
D)  decreases the generality of the results

Question 10

How do experimenters decide which methodology to use to test a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  A thorough review of the literature helps to reveal techniques generally used 
B)  Trial and Error 
C)  It doesn't matter; Statistics can make sense of any method 
D)  If the hypothesis is to be supported, it will be proven any way you test it. 
A)  A thorough review of the literature helps to reveal techniques generally used 
B)  Trial and Error 
C)  It doesn't matter; Statistics can make sense of any method 
D)  If the hypothesis is to be supported, it will be proven any way you test it.

Question 11

The experimental group

Accepted Answer

A)  Does not take part in the experiment 
B)  Is treated the same as the control group, except for the independent variable 
C)  Receives no treatment 
D)  Receives all treatments 
A)  Does not take part in the experiment 
B)  Is treated the same as the control group, except for the independent variable 
C)  Receives no treatment 
D)  Receives all treatments

Question 12

Which of the following is the best means of randomly assigning subjects to conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Place students into groups in the order they sign up for the experiment. 
B)  Placing every other student into one of the two groups. 
C)  Give each student a number and compare them to a random number table. 
D)  Give each student a number, write them on slips of paper and shake them in a hat. 
A)  Place students into groups in the order they sign up for the experiment. 
B)  Placing every other student into one of the two groups. 
C)  Give each student a number and compare them to a random number table. 
D)  Give each student a number, write them on slips of paper and shake them in a hat.

Question 13

Dr.Rankin ran an experiment investigating the effects of packaging color on consumer preference for the pudding in the package.Each participant in the experiment tasted the same pudding from three differently colored containers and was asked to rate how much they liked each one.Dr.Rankin used a

Accepted Answer

A)  Between-subjects design 
B)  Random design 
C)  Within-subjects design 
D)  Concurrent design 
A)  Between-subjects design 
B)  Random design 
C)  Within-subjects design 
D)  Concurrent design

Question 14

Which of the following best conveys the idea of instrumentation of the response as control?

Accepted Answer

A)  getting the most sensitive measure of a phenomenon 
B)  using the computer to present stimuli and record responses 
C)  using the computer to analyze data 
D)  using a physical device to record the data 
A)  getting the most sensitive measure of a phenomenon 
B)  using the computer to present stimuli and record responses 
C)  using the computer to analyze data 
D)  using a physical device to record the data

Question 15

Statistical control refers to a means of

Accepted Answer

A)  equating subjects on paper when they cannot be equated as they exist 
B)  estimating the probability that any observed differences between groups are the result of chance errors 
C)  estimating the probability that any observed differences between groups are the result of true differences in the population 
D)  estimating the probability that all extraneous variables have been controlled 
A)  equating subjects on paper when they cannot be equated as they exist 
B)  estimating the probability that any observed differences between groups are the result of chance errors 
C)  estimating the probability that any observed differences between groups are the result of true differences in the population 
D)  estimating the probability that all extraneous variables have been controlled

Question 16

What are the two different meanings of the term control as discussed in research,and how do they contribute to dealing with problems of validity of research?

Accepted Answer

The term "control" in research has two d

Question 17

Scientists have studied nerve conduction in the giant nerve axon of the squid because

Accepted Answer

A)  It is larger than the axons of other animals, and thus makes an excellent preparation 
B)  Squids are cheap and plentiful 
C)  Its nerves fire repeatedly in the same way, generating more reliability than mammals 
D)  Reaction time can be measured for its nervous system 
A)  It is larger than the axons of other animals, and thus makes an excellent preparation 
B)  Squids are cheap and plentiful 
C)  Its nerves fire repeatedly in the same way, generating more reliability than mammals 
D)  Reaction time can be measured for its nervous system

Question 18

Skinner emphasized which aspect of control?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction of variability 
B)  providing a standard of comparison 
C)  using groups of subjects 
D)  using statistical control 
A)  reduction of variability 
B)  providing a standard of comparison 
C)  using groups of subjects 
D)  using statistical control

Question 19

Statistical control is

Accepted Answer

A)  a way of equating subjects on paper that are actually not equal 
B)  the same as randomization 
C)  generally preferable to experimental control 
D)  All of these are true. 
A)  a way of equating subjects on paper that are actually not equal 
B)  the same as randomization 
C)  generally preferable to experimental control 
D)  All of these are true.

Question 20

Systematic replication of an experiment tests

Accepted Answer

A)  external validity 
B)  construct validity 
C)  statistical validity 
D)  all of these 
A)  external validity 
B)  construct validity 
C)  statistical validity 
D)  all of these

The power of an experiment increases in direct proportion with the

In a certain experiment,Group l receives Treatment A,and Group 2 receives no treatment.Group l is the group,and Group 2 is the group.

One learns to do research by

Using subjects as their own control involves which one of the following?

The number of subjects to be used in an experiment should depend mainly on

Between-subjects experiments

A control group

Including a nuisance variable

How do experimenters decide which methodology to use to test a hypothesis?

The experimental group

Which of the following is the best means of randomly assigning subjects to conditions?

Dr.Rankin ran an experiment investigating the effects of packaging color on consumer preference for the pudding in the package.Each participant in the experiment tasted the same pudding from three differently colored containers and was asked to rate how much they liked each one.Dr.Rankin used a

Which of the following best conveys the idea of instrumentation of the response as control?

Statistical control refers to a means of

What are the two different meanings of the term control as discussed in research,and how do they contribute to dealing with problems of validity of research?

Scientists have studied nerve conduction in the giant nerve axon of the squid because

Skinner emphasized which aspect of control?

Statistical control is

Systematic replication of an experiment tests

Psychology and Science

Developing a Research Question

Ethics in Research

Writing in Psychology

Variables

Tabular and Graphical Description of Data

Validity

Nonexperimental Research, part 1: Observational, archival, and Case-Study Research

Nonexperimental Research, part 2: Survey Research

True Experiments, part 1: Single-Factor Designs

True Experiments, part 2: Factorial Designs

Single-Subject Experiments

Quasi Experiments

Biases and Limitations of Experimental Psychology

Filters

Exam 8: Control

The power of an experiment increases in direct proportion with the

In a certain experiment,Group l receives Treatment A,and Group 2 receives no treatment.Group l is the ____ group,and Group 2 is the ____ group.

One learns to do research by

Using subjects as their own control involves which one of the following?

The number of subjects to be used in an experiment should depend mainly on

Between-subjects experiments

A control group

Including a nuisance variable

How do experimenters decide which methodology to use to test a hypothesis?

The experimental group

Which of the following is the best means of randomly assigning subjects to conditions?

Dr.Rankin ran an experiment investigating the effects of packaging color on consumer preference for the pudding in the package.Each participant in the experiment tasted the same pudding from three differently colored containers and was asked to rate how much they liked each one.Dr.Rankin used a

Which of the following best conveys the idea of instrumentation of the response as control?

Statistical control refers to a means of

What are the two different meanings of the term control as discussed in research,and how do they contribute to dealing with problems of validity of research?

Scientists have studied nerve conduction in the giant nerve axon of the squid because

Skinner emphasized which aspect of control?

Statistical control is

Systematic replication of an experiment tests

Psychology and Science

Developing a Research Question

Ethics in Research

Writing in Psychology

Variables

Tabular and Graphical Description of Data

Validity

Nonexperimental Research, part 1: Observational, archival, and Case-Study Research

Nonexperimental Research, part 2: Survey Research

True Experiments, part 1: Single-Factor Designs

True Experiments, part 2: Factorial Designs

Single-Subject Experiments

Quasi Experiments

Biases and Limitations of Experimental Psychology

Filters

In a certain experiment,Group l receives Treatment A,and Group 2 receives no treatment.Group l is the group,and Group 2 is the group.