Question 1

In creating Boolean algebra,George Boole:

Accepted Answer

A)  actualized Leibniz's dream of formally uniting the fields of logic and computational	mathematics. 
B)  laid the groundwork for Whitehad and Russell's Principia Mathematica (1910-1913),	which provided a seemingly definitive resolution of all mathematics into the terms of	symbolic logic. 
C)  demonstrated that mathematical "symbolic logic" could deal with logical problems along with those of magnitude and number. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  actualized Leibniz's dream of formally uniting the fields of logic and computational	mathematics. 
B)  laid the groundwork for Whitehad and Russell's Principia Mathematica (1910-1913),	which provided a seemingly definitive resolution of all mathematics into the terms of	symbolic logic. 
C)  demonstrated that mathematical "symbolic logic" could deal with logical problems along with those of magnitude and number. 
D)  all of the above D

Question 2

The technology employed by Pascal in his "Pascaline" resembled which more modern mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  an automobile odometer 
B)  a digital watch 
C)  a water clock 
D)  a self-winding watch 
A)  an automobile odometer 
B)  a digital watch 
C)  a water clock 
D)  a self-winding watch A

Question 3

An algorithm is appropriate to use when:

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a need to limit "search space." 
B)  the number of possible solutions are relatively few in number. 
C)  one is trying to develop a chess-playing program. 
D)  one is trying to simulate human speech. 
A)  there is a need to limit "search space." 
B)  the number of possible solutions are relatively few in number. 
C)  one is trying to develop a chess-playing program. 
D)  one is trying to simulate human speech. B

Question 4

A computer program that employed heuristics and a means-ends analysis in its attempt to simulate problem solving in a generally humanlike fashion was called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Logic Theorist. 
B)  Pandemonium. 
C)  General Problem Solver. 
D)  The Chinese Room. 
A)  Logic Theorist. 
B)  Pandemonium. 
C)  General Problem Solver. 
D)  The Chinese Room.

Question 5

Ulric Neisser's interest in cognitive psychology was stimulated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  a childhood event that forced him to question the accuracy of his own memory. 
B)  his fascination with the Turing Test. 
C)  his conviction that computer processes would eventually be able to completely reproduce most human cognitive processes. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  a childhood event that forced him to question the accuracy of his own memory. 
B)  his fascination with the Turing Test. 
C)  his conviction that computer processes would eventually be able to completely reproduce most human cognitive processes. 
D)  all of the above

Question 6

How did developments in computer technology and AI help set the stage for the emergence of cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  They emphasized the internal processing that goes on between input and output. 
B)  They forced scientists to try to specify the steps involved in problem solving. 
C)  They provided concepts and a language that were useful in describing human cognition. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  They emphasized the internal processing that goes on between input and output. 
B)  They forced scientists to try to specify the steps involved in problem solving. 
C)  They provided concepts and a language that were useful in describing human cognition. 
D)  all of the above

Question 7

The idea that a computer program might one day be developed that is capable of replicating all of the intellectual properties of the human mind is sometimes called:

Accepted Answer

A)  strong artificial intelligence. 
B)  computational equivalence. 
C)  computational intelligence. 
D)  functional artificial intelligence. 
A)  strong artificial intelligence. 
B)  computational equivalence. 
C)  computational intelligence. 
D)  functional artificial intelligence.

Question 8

James Gibson's ecological psychology stressed which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  an ethical concern for the environment 
B)  the integration of psychoanalytic and psychophysical methods 
C)  the notion that much visual information can be picked up directly from the light itself 
D)  both b and c 
A)  an ethical concern for the environment 
B)  the integration of psychoanalytic and psychophysical methods 
C)  the notion that much visual information can be picked up directly from the light itself 
D)  both b and c

Question 9

Alan Turing did all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  propose a test for determining if a calculating machine was "intelligent." 
B)  conceive of an architecture for a universal calculating machine. 
C)  help break German codes during World War II. 
D)  receive high honors from the British government for his wartime contributions. 
A)  propose a test for determining if a calculating machine was "intelligent." 
B)  conceive of an architecture for a universal calculating machine. 
C)  help break German codes during World War II. 
D)  receive high honors from the British government for his wartime contributions.

Question 10

What philosophical implications did the creation of the Pascaline have?

Accepted Answer

A)  It challenged Descartes' assertion that only humans had the capacity for rational calculation. 
B)  It called Locke's theories about associationism into question. 
C)  It undercut Hobbes's argument that human reasoning was a form of mathematical calculation. 
D)  It caused Leibniz to be troubled by the thought of a machine that could calculate numbers better than a human being. 
A)  It challenged Descartes' assertion that only humans had the capacity for rational calculation. 
B)  It called Locke's theories about associationism into question. 
C)  It undercut Hobbes's argument that human reasoning was a form of mathematical calculation. 
D)  It caused Leibniz to be troubled by the thought of a machine that could calculate numbers better than a human being.

Question 11

"Pandemonium" was:

Accepted Answer

A)  an early example of a computer program that could perform parallel processing and "learn." 
B)  the annoying computer "noise" that occurred when too much information was being processed at one time. 
C)  a computer program that analyzed information about pandemics. 
D)  a computer program that worked similarly to a Turing machine. 
A)  an early example of a computer program that could perform parallel processing and "learn." 
B)  the annoying computer "noise" that occurred when too much information was being processed at one time. 
C)  a computer program that analyzed information about pandemics. 
D)  a computer program that worked similarly to a Turing machine.

Question 12

Neisser's approach to memory research adopted which of the following characteristics in response to James and Eleanor Gibson's "ecological" psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  a nativist approach 
B)  an empiricist approach 
C)  a concern for the environment 
D)  a focus on real events and natural settings 
A)  a nativist approach 
B)  an empiricist approach 
C)  a concern for the environment 
D)  a focus on real events and natural settings

Question 13

The Lovelace Objection refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ada Lovelace's claim that Babbage stole her ideas. 
B)  Lovelace's view that computers could only do what they were programmed to do. 
C)  Lovelace's objection to Babbage creating the analytical engine and giving up his work on the difference engine. 
D)  Lovelace's claim that computers could never be used to compose music. 
A)  Ada Lovelace's claim that Babbage stole her ideas. 
B)  Lovelace's view that computers could only do what they were programmed to do. 
C)  Lovelace's objection to Babbage creating the analytical engine and giving up his work on the difference engine. 
D)  Lovelace's claim that computers could never be used to compose music.

Question 14

In exploring the question of whether computers can be creative,Margaret Boden suggested that putting already familiar ideas or components together in novel but useful or interesting combinations,but according to preset rules,is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  computational functionalism. 
B)  Impossibilist creativity. 
C)  Intentionality. 
D)  Improbabilist creativity. 
A)  computational functionalism. 
B)  Impossibilist creativity. 
C)  Intentionality. 
D)  Improbabilist creativity.

Question 15

McCulloch and Pitts are best known for their promotion of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the concept of the brain as a "neural network" of interconnected binary switches. 
B)  the use of computers as codebreaking devices. 
C)  the concept of strong artificial intelligence. 
D)  the use of transistors in computing devices. 
A)  the concept of the brain as a "neural network" of interconnected binary switches. 
B)  the use of computers as codebreaking devices. 
C)  the concept of strong artificial intelligence. 
D)  the use of transistors in computing devices.

Question 16

Who among the following was not one of the leaders in establishing a new cognitive psychology in the 1950s and 1960s?

Accepted Answer

A)  George Miller 
B)  Jerome Bruner 
C)  Ulric Neisser 
D)  Alan Turing 
A)  George Miller 
B)  Jerome Bruner 
C)  Ulric Neisser 
D)  Alan Turing

Question 17

Newell and Simon's General Problem Solver made use of all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  prior observation of human problem solvers. 
B)  heuristic strategies. 
C)  means-ends analysis. 
D)  parallel processing. 
A)  prior observation of human problem solvers. 
B)  heuristic strategies. 
C)  means-ends analysis. 
D)  parallel processing.

Question 18

"Flashbulb memories" refer to:

Accepted Answer

A)  vividly recalled memories of emotional events. 
B)  memories that may be wrong on the surface but right in a deeper sense. 
C)  memories that are photo-perfect replicas of past events. 
D)  a and b above 
A)  vividly recalled memories of emotional events. 
B)  memories that may be wrong on the surface but right in a deeper sense. 
C)  memories that are photo-perfect replicas of past events. 
D)  a and b above

Question 19

The Logic Theorist (LT)program introduced by Newell and Simon in 1956 was able to:

Accepted Answer

A)  compose melodies in the style of Mozart. 
B)  construct proofs for theorems in Russell and Whitehead's Principia Mathematica. 
C)  perfectly simulate the operations of Babbage's analytical engine. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  compose melodies in the style of Mozart. 
B)  construct proofs for theorems in Russell and Whitehead's Principia Mathematica. 
C)  perfectly simulate the operations of Babbage's analytical engine. 
D)  all of the above

Question 20

Joseph Jacquard was a ___________ whose invention accidentally gave him a place in the history of artificial intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanic 
B)  watchmaker 
C)  weaver 
D)  philosopher 
A)  mechanic 
B)  watchmaker 
C)  weaver 
D)  philosopher

In creating Boolean algebra,George Boole:

The technology employed by Pascal in his "Pascaline" resembled which more modern mechanism?

An algorithm is appropriate to use when:

A computer program that employed heuristics and a means-ends analysis in its attempt to simulate problem solving in a generally humanlike fashion was called:

Ulric Neisser's interest in cognitive psychology was stimulated by:

How did developments in computer technology and AI help set the stage for the emergence of cognitive psychology?

The idea that a computer program might one day be developed that is capable of replicating all of the intellectual properties of the human mind is sometimes called:

James Gibson's ecological psychology stressed which of the following?

Alan Turing did all of the following except:

What philosophical implications did the creation of the Pascaline have?

"Pandemonium" was:

Neisser's approach to memory research adopted which of the following characteristics in response to James and Eleanor Gibson's "ecological" psychology?

The Lovelace Objection refers to:

In exploring the question of whether computers can be creative,Margaret Boden suggested that putting already familiar ideas or components together in novel but useful or interesting combinations,but according to preset rules,is an example of:

McCulloch and Pitts are best known for their promotion of:

Who among the following was not one of the leaders in establishing a new cognitive psychology in the 1950s and 1960s?

Newell and Simon's General Problem Solver made use of all of the following except:

"Flashbulb memories" refer to:

The Logic Theorist (LT)program introduced by Newell and Simon in 1956 was able to:

Joseph Jacquard was a ___________ whose invention accidentally gave him a place in the history of artificial intelligence.

Foundational Ideas from Antiquity

Pioneering Philosophers of Mind: Descartes,Locke,and Leibniz

Physiologists of Mind: Brain Scientists from Gall to Penfield

The Sensing and Perceiving Mind: From Kant through the Gestalt Psychologists

Wundt and the Establishment of Experimental Psychology

The Evolving Mind: Darwin and His Psychological Legacy

Measuring the Mind: Galton and Individual Differences

American Pioneers: James, Hall, Calkins, and Thorndike

Psychology as the Science of Behavior: Pavlov,Watson,and Skinner

Social Influence and Social Psychology: From Mesmer to Milgram and Beyond

Mind in Conflict: Freudian Psychoanalysis and Its Successors

Psychology Gets "Personality": Allport,Maslow,and the Broadening Field

The Developing Mind: Binet,Piaget,and the Study of Intelligence

Applying Psychology: From the Witness Stand to the Workplace

Filters

Exam 14: Minds,Machines,and Cognitive Psychology

In creating Boolean algebra,George Boole:

The technology employed by Pascal in his "Pascaline" resembled which more modern mechanism?

An algorithm is appropriate to use when:

A computer program that employed heuristics and a means-ends analysis in its attempt to simulate problem solving in a generally humanlike fashion was called:

Ulric Neisser's interest in cognitive psychology was stimulated by:

How did developments in computer technology and AI help set the stage for the emergence of cognitive psychology?

The idea that a computer program might one day be developed that is capable of replicating all of the intellectual properties of the human mind is sometimes called:

James Gibson's ecological psychology stressed which of the following?

Alan Turing did all of the following except:

What philosophical implications did the creation of the Pascaline have?

"Pandemonium" was:

Neisser's approach to memory research adopted which of the following characteristics in response to James and Eleanor Gibson's "ecological" psychology?

The Lovelace Objection refers to:

In exploring the question of whether computers can be creative,Margaret Boden suggested that putting already familiar ideas or components together in novel but useful or interesting combinations,but according to preset rules,is an example of:

McCulloch and Pitts are best known for their promotion of:

Who among the following was not one of the leaders in establishing a new cognitive psychology in the 1950s and 1960s?

Newell and Simon's General Problem Solver made use of all of the following except:

"Flashbulb memories" refer to:

The Logic Theorist (LT)program introduced by Newell and Simon in 1956 was able to:

Joseph Jacquard was a ___________ whose invention accidentally gave him a place in the history of artificial intelligence.

Foundational Ideas from Antiquity

Pioneering Philosophers of Mind: Descartes,Locke,and Leibniz

Physiologists of Mind: Brain Scientists from Gall to Penfield

The Sensing and Perceiving Mind: From Kant through the Gestalt Psychologists

Wundt and the Establishment of Experimental Psychology

The Evolving Mind: Darwin and His Psychological Legacy

Measuring the Mind: Galton and Individual Differences

American Pioneers: James, Hall, Calkins, and Thorndike

Psychology as the Science of Behavior: Pavlov,Watson,and Skinner

Social Influence and Social Psychology: From Mesmer to Milgram and Beyond

Mind in Conflict: Freudian Psychoanalysis and Its Successors

Psychology Gets "Personality": Allport,Maslow,and the Broadening Field

The Developing Mind: Binet,Piaget,and the Study of Intelligence

Applying Psychology: From the Witness Stand to the Workplace

Filters