Question 1

What was the impact of the exploration of the Pacific world on Europe?

Accepted Answer

The exploration of the Pacific figured g

Question 2

In her Vindication of the Rights of Woman,Mary Wollstonecraft argued that:

Accepted Answer

A)  republicanism was an ill-conceived idea dedicated to the violent disruption of society. 
B)  there was no such thing as a natural division of labor in any human society. 
C)  women were deserving of the protection of men since they were the weaker sex. 
D)  virtue ought to mean different things to men and women. 
E)  all men and women share a common humanity. 
A)  republicanism was an ill-conceived idea dedicated to the violent disruption of society. 
B)  there was no such thing as a natural division of labor in any human society. 
C)  women were deserving of the protection of men since they were the weaker sex. 
D)  virtue ought to mean different things to men and women. 
E)  all men and women share a common humanity.

Question 3

The eighteenth-century Enlightenment produced an elite or high culture that was typified by:

Accepted Answer

A)  inclusiveness. 
B)  exclusiveness. 
C)  its parochial nature. 
D)  its cosmopolitan nature. 
E)  its narrowness of interests. 
A)  inclusiveness. 
B)  exclusiveness. 
C)  its parochial nature. 
D)  its cosmopolitan nature. 
E)  its narrowness of interests.

Question 4

A cornerstone of Enlightenment thinking was skepticism,as developed by the Scottish philosopher:

Accepted Answer

A)  Immanuel Kant. 
B)  Robert Hooke. 
C)  Isaac Newton. 
D)  David Hume. 
E)  John Cabot. 
A)  Immanuel Kant. 
B)  Robert Hooke. 
C)  Isaac Newton. 
D)  David Hume. 
E)  John Cabot.

Question 5

The life and career of Cesare Beccaria was dedicated to the idea that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the only legitimate rationale for punishment was to maintain the social order. 
B)  the philosophes should become, following Plato, the rulers of the world. 
C)  the philosophes were atheists and should be persecuted as heretics. 
D)  human progress would result from a completely new scientific method. 
E)  the laws ought to be reformed to protect middle-class private property. 
A)  the only legitimate rationale for punishment was to maintain the social order. 
B)  the philosophes should become, following Plato, the rulers of the world. 
C)  the philosophes were atheists and should be persecuted as heretics. 
D)  human progress would result from a completely new scientific method. 
E)  the laws ought to be reformed to protect middle-class private property.

Question 6

Although the majority of people possessed few books,at most a Bible and one or two other religious works,it appears now that literacy rates were much higher than had previously been believed,perhaps as high as _________ percent for men and _________ percent for women in European urban centers.

Accepted Answer

A)  85; 60 
B)  70; 30 
C)  55; 25 
D)  40; 20 
E)  20; 10 
A)  85; 60 
B)  70; 30 
C)  55; 25 
D)  40; 20 
E)  20; 10

Question 7

How did Mary Wollstonecraft challenge the position of women in the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment thinkers spent much ti

Question 8

Voltaire's attitude toward injustice,fanaticism,and intolerance was solidified due to a murder case tried in 1762; the defendant in the case was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean Le Rond. 
B)  François Arouet. 
C)  Jean Calas. 
D)  Cesare Beccaria. 
E)  Giovanni Vico. 
A)  Jean Le Rond. 
B)  François Arouet. 
C)  Jean Calas. 
D)  Cesare Beccaria. 
E)  Giovanni Vico.

Question 9

The general culture that developed from the eighteenth-century Enlightenment was:

Accepted Answer

A)  artistic. 
B)  focused exclusively on science. 
C)  anti-intellectual. 
D)  nationalistic. 
E)  literary. 
A)  artistic. 
B)  focused exclusively on science. 
C)  anti-intellectual. 
D)  nationalistic. 
E)  literary.

Question 10

Johann Sebastian Bach was one of the greatest composers of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Mannerist period. 
B)  Neoclassical period. 
C)  Baroque period. 
D)  Rococo period. 
E)  Romantic period. 
A)  Mannerist period. 
B)  Neoclassical period. 
C)  Baroque period. 
D)  Rococo period. 
E)  Romantic period.

Question 11

The "invisible hand" of Adam Smith's theory could best guide economic activity because:

Accepted Answer

A)  state-owned manufacturing signified the wealth of a nation. 
B)  it controlled middle-class entrepreneurs with legislative restrictions on trade. 
C)  it made all mercantilist interests legitimate functions of government. 
D)  all humans are rational and are the best judges of their own interests. 
E)  Smith believed that ecomomics was controlled by something beyond human understanding. 
A)  state-owned manufacturing signified the wealth of a nation. 
B)  it controlled middle-class entrepreneurs with legislative restrictions on trade. 
C)  it made all mercantilist interests legitimate functions of government. 
D)  all humans are rational and are the best judges of their own interests. 
E)  Smith believed that ecomomics was controlled by something beyond human understanding.

Question 12

The Enlightenment was not confined to any single area of human endeavor,but was evident in the science,music,and politics of the age: some scientific thinkers might be politically conservative,while some political thinkers were truly radical in their views.Among this radical group was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau. 
B)  René Descartes. 
C)  Edmund Burke. 
D)  Maria Theresa. 
E)  all of these 
A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau. 
B)  René Descartes. 
C)  Edmund Burke. 
D)  Maria Theresa. 
E)  all of these

Question 13

According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau,freedom meant:

Accepted Answer

A)  the worst corruption of the "social contract." 
B)  equal citizens obeying the laws they had made themselves. 
C)  the total absence of any restraints within a society. 
D)  the ability of human beings to think on their own. 
E)  having nothing left to lose. 
A)  the worst corruption of the "social contract." 
B)  equal citizens obeying the laws they had made themselves. 
C)  the total absence of any restraints within a society. 
D)  the ability of human beings to think on their own. 
E)  having nothing left to lose.

Question 14

The Dictionnaire was the greatest achievement of the philosophes,bringing an understanding of language and its history to the common people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The South Pacific island of Tahiti was first discovered for the Europeans by:

Accepted Answer

A)  James Cook. 
B)  Louis-Anna de Bougainville. 
C)  Ferdinand Magellan. 
D)  Alexander von Humboldt. 
E)  Sydney Parkinson. 
A)  James Cook. 
B)  Louis-Anna de Bougainville. 
C)  Ferdinand Magellan. 
D)  Alexander von Humboldt. 
E)  Sydney Parkinson.

Question 16

Captain Cook was killed by cannibals in New Zealand,adding to the ferocity of the Western image of the Maori.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Jean-Jacques Rousseau's fellow philosophes deemed which of his books as "hysterical and obscene"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Julie 
B)  Emile 
C)  The Social Contract 
D)  Sense and Sensibility 
E)  Meditations on a First Philosophy 
A)  Julie 
B)  Emile 
C)  The Social Contract 
D)  Sense and Sensibility 
E)  Meditations on a First Philosophy

Question 18

Of all thinkers from the scientific revolution,John Locke had the widest ranging impact on Enlightenment scholars.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The philosophes of the Enlightenment,as exemplified by Voltaire,particularly admired England because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the deistic position taken by the Church of England. 
B)  the literary genius of Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Fielding. 
C)  its constitutional monarchy and policy of religious toleration. 
D)  the continued success and expansion of its mercantile empire. 
E)  the support by the Church of scholarly research at Oxford and Cambridge. 
A)  the deistic position taken by the Church of England. 
B)  the literary genius of Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Fielding. 
C)  its constitutional monarchy and policy of religious toleration. 
D)  the continued success and expansion of its mercantile empire. 
E)  the support by the Church of scholarly research at Oxford and Cambridge.

Question 20

What was the impact of John Locke's theories on the thinkers of the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

Locke was a powerful influence on the th

Exam 17: The Enlightenment

What was the impact of the exploration of the Pacific world on Europe?

In her Vindication of the Rights of Woman,Mary Wollstonecraft argued that:

The eighteenth-century Enlightenment produced an elite or high culture that was typified by:

A cornerstone of Enlightenment thinking was skepticism,as developed by the Scottish philosopher:

The life and career of Cesare Beccaria was dedicated to the idea that:

Although the majority of people possessed few books,at most a Bible and one or two other religious works,it appears now that literacy rates were much higher than had previously been believed,perhaps as high as _________ percent for men and _________ percent for women in European urban centers.

How did Mary Wollstonecraft challenge the position of women in the Enlightenment?

Voltaire's attitude toward injustice,fanaticism,and intolerance was solidified due to a murder case tried in 1762; the defendant in the case was:

The general culture that developed from the eighteenth-century Enlightenment was:

Johann Sebastian Bach was one of the greatest composers of the:

The "invisible hand" of Adam Smith's theory could best guide economic activity because:

The Enlightenment was not confined to any single area of human endeavor,but was evident in the science,music,and politics of the age: some scientific thinkers might be politically conservative,while some political thinkers were truly radical in their views.Among this radical group was:

According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau,freedom meant:

The Dictionnaire was the greatest achievement of the philosophes,bringing an understanding of language and its history to the common people.

The South Pacific island of Tahiti was first discovered for the Europeans by:

Captain Cook was killed by cannibals in New Zealand,adding to the ferocity of the Western image of the Maori.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau's fellow philosophes deemed which of his books as "hysterical and obscene"?

Of all thinkers from the scientific revolution,John Locke had the widest ranging impact on Enlightenment scholars.

The philosophes of the Enlightenment,as exemplified by Voltaire,particularly admired England because of:

What was the impact of John Locke's theories on the thinkers of the Enlightenment?

Early Civilizations

Peoples,Gods,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs: 500–950

The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1300

Crisis,Unrest,and Opportunity,1300–1500

Commerce,Conquest,and Colonization,1300–1600

Renaissance Ideals and Realities,c.1350–1550

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1600

Religion,Warfare,and Sovereignty: 1540–1660

Absolutism and Empire,1660–1789

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-Century Society

From Restoration to Revolution,1815–1848

What Is a Nation? Territories,States,and Citizens,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil between the Wars

The Second World War

The Cold War World: Global Politics,Economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: The End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World without Walls: Globalization and the West

Filters

Although the majority of people possessed few books,at most a Bible and one or two other religious works,it appears now that literacy rates were much higher than had previously been believed,perhaps as high as _ percent for men and _ percent for women in European urban centers.